US2320532A - Heating system - Google Patents

Description

June l, 1943- c. G. MUNTERS ET AL HEATING SYSTEM Filed May 9, 1940 E EZE;E:

M www a; mm* Y u Z mv BYW/ Patented June 1, 1943 HEATING SYSTEIVI Carl Georg Munters and Martin Hedmark, Stockholm, Swedenl Application May 9, 1940', Serial No. 334,158 In Sweden July 17, 1937 8 Claims.

The present application is a continuation in part of our copending application Serial No. 217,698, filed July 6, 1938.

Our invention relates to heating systems for buildings, and more particularly to an improved flue or chimney forming part of such heating systems.

Heretofore it has been the practice to construct the flue or chimney of massive masonry. The thick walls of the chimney were necessary in order to provide sufiicient heat insulation and the chimney necessarily had a large heat accumulating capacity, and the heat absorbed was lost to a great extent.

In accordance with our invention the flue is constructed of metallic pipe sections, which extend through the iloors of the house and which are surrounded by a water jacket in the form of a shell welded or otherwise suitably secured to the section or conduit forming the flue. Said jacket forms part of a circulation system for water. One or more permanently open conduits interconnect two points of the water jacket at different levels and form a return flow conduit of said circulation system. Radiators for room heating are preferably connected to the system and adapted at will to be by-passed by or form part of said conduit or conduits. A hot water heater is in heat exchange relation with said circulation system.

A further advantage of our invention is that the ilu@ may be installed after the building has been erected.

Another object of our invention is to provide in combination with a heating system of the above described type, an improved arrangement for heating hot water for domestic purposes.

Further objects and advantages of our invention will be apparent from the following description considered in connection with the accom- .panying drawing which forms a part of this specification and of which:

The single figure is a cross-sectional View of a preferred embodiment of our invention.

In the drawing there is shown a preferred embodiment of our invention installed in a house having one story and an attic above the cellar. Reference character |l designates generally the house, having a cellar a first story I2 and an attic I4 covered by a roof I5. A furnace 'I0 is located in the cellar and includes a fuel compartment 'I i. The furnace is provided with 'water jackets T2. At the upper part of the furnace the flue gases escape through a collar 'i3 which carries a rst Ilue section designated generally by reference character 74.

Section 'Hl includes an inner conduit 't5 and an outer jacket l. The lower end of the conduit i6 is bent inwardly, as is shown at 'il and is secured to jacketV 'I5Y in a fluid-tight manner. The upper end of the members l5; 'I6 are rigidly interconnected in fluid-tight manner. A conduit i8 connects the upper part of the furnace jacket 12 with the lower end of the water jacket formed in the flue section 74. A layer of insulating material 'I9 surrounds jacket '16.

Reference character lll)v designates generally a second flue section. This section includes an inner conduit 6| for conveying products of combustion and an outer jacket 82. The upper end of jacket 82 constitutes a container 83, which concentrically surrounds part of conduit 8|. The upper end of conduit 8| passes through and is rigidly connected to the upper wall |22 of container 83. The lower wall |23 of container 83 is rigidly connected to a tubular member 813 which constitutes the lower part of jacket 82. The lower endsA of conduit 8I- andV tubular member 84 are secured together in fluid tight relationship. The flue sections 14 and 8U are secured to one another by a band 85. The upper part of jacket 'l5 is connected to the upper part of container 83 by means of a conduit lil which extends through the lower Wal-l |23 and thence upwardly within the container. A water supply pipe 81 extends through the side Wall of the container 83- and is connected to the lower end of a double pipe coil 88 which is disposed within the container 83. A conduit 2%9 is connected to the upper end of coil 88 and extends through the side Wall of container 83 and may be connected to conduits leading to taps located at various points in the house.

A conduit 90 is connected to the lower end of the container 83 and extends into the cellar where it is connected through a valve 9| to a conduit 92 leading to one or more hot Water radiators 93. A valve 94 may be located in the conduit 92 adjacent to the radiator in order to regulate the heat output of the radiator. A return conduit 95 leads from the bottom of the radiator to the lower part of the water jacket l2 of the furnace. A by-pass conduit 96 connects conduit B with conduit 95 adjacent to the lower part of the Water jacket 12, while a by-pass conduit 91 connects conduit S5 with conduit 92. An overflow line 98 extends from the upper part of container 83 through the roof l5 of the house, a tank 99 being interposed in this line.

A flue section |00 is connected to the upper end of section 80 and extends through the roof,

Section includes an inner conduit |0| and an outer conduit |02, an annular space |03 being formed therebetween. This may constitute a dead air space or it may be lled With heat insulating material. Insulating material 203 in block form may be placed over the upper end of section 80 and around the lower end of section |00.

A thermostatic element |04 is located in heat exchange relationship with the upper end of jacket 82 and is connected to a Bourdon tube |07. The end of this tube is connected by means of a chain |08 with a damper |09 which regulates the supply of air to the furnace 10.

The house is preferably provided with Walls ||0 enclosing a space within which extend the lue sections 14 and 80. A plate separates said space from the cellar. A conduit I i3 is provided with an air inlet opening H4 at the exterior of the building l0. This conduit leads to the lower part of a space |I2 around the container 83. The upper part of the space communicates through a passage With the upper part of the first story |2. This passage is provided with louvers H8. Air admitted through the conduit H3 is heated in the space ||2 and discharged into the room.

The above described device operates as lows:

The fuel burning within furnace 10 heats the water contained Within the Water jacket 12, while the products of combustion pass upwardly through conduits '15, 8| and |0l. During their passage through conduits 'i5 and 8| the gases heat the water contained in jackets It and 82, which latter jacket includes container 83. The water heated in jacket 12 around the furnace flows through conduit 18 to jacket 15 and the water flows from the upper end of this jacket through the conduit Hl into the upper part of container 83. If water is drawn from any of the taps connected to conduit 89, cold Water is introduced into the coil 88 through the conduit 87. In passing through the coil 88 this water is heated, thus cooling the Water contained in container 83. The water thus cooled flows downwardly through container 83 and through conduit 90. If valve 9| is closed, this water cws through by-pass 98 to conduit 95 and back to the lower part of the furnace water jacket T2. Thus, a continuous thermal circulation of water takes place through the system. It will be noted that the flow of water through coil 88 is countercurrent to the flow through container 83.

If valve 9| is open, the water returning from jacket space 83 flows through this valve and through conduit 92 to the radiator 93 where it is cooled and gives up heat to the room. The Water thus cooled in the radiator falls through the pipe 95 and is returned to the Water jacket 12 of the furnace. The temperature at which the water within the container 83 is maintained is apt to be higher than is desirable for the temperature of the water supplied to the radiator 93. Consequently the by-pass 91 is provided whereby, if valve 9| is partially closed, a certain percentage of the Water returning from the radiator 93 is recirculated and mixed with the water supply through the conduit 90 from the container 83.

The thermostatic element |04 contains a fluid, such as mercury, which expands upon an increase in temperature. This causes the Bourdon tube |01 to straighten out, thus acting through folthe chain |08 to close the damper |09 to thereby 75 reduce the amount of air admitted to the furnace. In this manner the temperature of the water within the circulating system is prevented from rising to an undesirably high value.

While we have shown and described a more or less specific embodiment of our invention, it is to be understood that this has been done for purposes of illustration only and is not to be considered as limiting the scope of the invention, which is to be determined by the appended claims.

What we claim is:

l. In a heating system, a furnace, a nue providing a path of ow for hot gas from said furnace, said flue including a plurality of hollow members joined together for flow therethrough of gas, an individual liquid jacket surrounding each of said members and said furnace, a conduit connecting adjacent jackets for iiow therebetween of liquid, a heating coil disposed in the uppermost of said jackets, the conduit which connects the uppermost jacket With the jacket next below communicating with said uppermost jacket at the upper end thereof, and a conduit connecting the lower part of said uppermost jacket with the jacket surrounding said furnace.

2. In a heating system, a furnace, a flue providing a path of flow for hot gas from said furnace, said iiue including a plurality of hollow members joined together for flow therethrough of gas, an individual liquid jacket surrounding each of said members and said furnace, a conduit connecting adjacent jackets for flow therebetween of liquid, the conduit which connects the uppermost of said jackets with the jacket next below communicating withsaid uppermost jacket adjacent to the upper end thereof, a heating coil disposed in said uppermost jacket, means for introducing water to be heated into the lower end of said coil, means to withdraw heated water from the upper end of said coil, and a conduit connecting the lower part of said uppermost jacket with the jacket surrounding said furnace.

3. In a heating system, a furnace, a ue providing a path of iiow for hot gas from said furnace, said iiue including a plurality of hollow members joined together for flow therethrough of gas, an individual liquid jacket surrounding each of said members and said furnace, a conduit connecting adjacent jackets for iiow therebetween of liquid, the conduit which connects the uppermost of said jackets with the jacket next below communicating with said uppermost jacket adjacent to the upper end thereof, a hot water radiator, a conduit connecting the lower part of said uppermost jacket with said radiator, a conduit connecting said radiator with the jacket surrounding said furnace, a valve in the lastrnentioned conduit, and a by-pass around said Valve and said radiator connecting said conduits together.

4. In a heating system, a furnace, a flue providing a path of flow for hot gas from said furnace, said flue including a plurality of hollow members joined together for flow therethrough of gas, an individual liquid jacket surrounding each of said `members and said furnace, a conduit connecting adjacent jackets for flow therebetween of liquid, the conduit which connects the uppermost of said jackets with the jacket next below communicating with said uppermost jacket adjacent to the upper end thereof, a hot water radiator, a conduit connecting the lower part of said uppermost Jacket with said radiatorl a conduit connecting said radiator with the jacket surrounding said furnace, and a by-pass connecting said conduits whereby a portion of the water leaving said radiator is recirculated therethrough.

5. In a heating system for buildings having a plurality of floors, a furnace, a flue providing a path of flow for hot gas from said furnace, said flue including a hollow member for flow therethrough of gas, liquid jacket means surrounding said member and said furnace, said jacket means extending upwardly through said oors and forming part of a circulation system for liquid, a permanently open conduit interconnecting two points of the liquid space of said jacket means at different levels and forming a return flow conduit of said circulation system, a radiator for room heating connected to said conduit, means for by-passing fluid around said radiator, and a hot water heater in heat exchange relation with said jacket means.

6. In a heating system, a furnace, a iiue providing a path of ilow for hot lue gases from said furnace, a liquid jacket surrounding at least a portion of said flue, conduit means connected at diierent levels to said jacket to provide a liquid circulation system, said conduit means including an inlet connected to the upper part of said jacket and an outlet connected to the lower part of the jacket, a water heater in heat exchange relation with the upper part of said jacket, and means for supplying relatively cold water to said heater to thereby produce a downwardly directed flow of liquid in said jacket in a direction counter-current to the flow of said ue gases.

'7. In a heating system, a furnace, means forming a flue for products of combustion from said furnace, vertically disposed upper, intermediate and lower liquid jackets surrounding said flue, the upper part of the lower jacket being connected with the lower part of the intermediate jacket, the upper part of the intermediate jacket being connected with the upper part of the upper jacket, the lower part of the upper jacket being connected with the lower part of the lower jacket, and a water heater in heat exchange relation with the upper jacket.

8. In a heating system, a furnace, a flue providing a path of ilow for hot flue gases from said furnace, a liquid jacket surrounding at least a portion of said flue, a radiator, a conduit connected to an upper portion of said jacket and to said radiator, said conduit having an intermediate portion located below said radiator, a return conduit connected to said radiator and to a lower portion of said jacket, and a by-pass conduit connected between the low intermediate portion of the first-mentioned conduit and said return conduit,

CARL GEORG MUNTERS. MARTIN HEDMARK.

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