US2319806A - Absorption or adsorption refrigerating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

May 25, 1943; N. ERLAND A'F KLEEN V ARATUS ABSORPTION OR. ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING APP v Filed Sept. 5Q 1939 Y 2 Sheets-Shee't2 m T c c. f .2 CO GO xmmon mm mm A? mu ATTORNEE Nils Erland armament-norm. Sweden 1939. Serial No. 293,411

plioation September 5,

in Germany '20 Claims.

The present invention relates to absorption or odsorption refrigerating devices which consist of two or more units operating periodically, each of which includes a boiler absorber, a condenser and wherein the boiler absorber or adsorber contains dry salt or other subsces which are capable of absorbing or adsorbing the refrigerating medium during the absorption or adsorption period, when the refrigerating medium is gaseous and of releasing the same during the generating period.

Accor to the invention the evaporators each comprise two parts one of which is in good heat-conducting communication with an ice freezing chber common to the evaporators "the other is adapted to cool the air in the surrounding space and is arranged so that the air cooling parts of the evaporators are separated from one another in a heat-conducting respect.

Wing the alternate operation of the evaporators an a: low temperature is in this manner maintained in the ice freezing chamber, whilst the or" the evaporators adapted to cool the alternately assume comparatively high and comparatively low temperatures. These parts are thereiore alternately coated with frost and thawed, results in an extremely favourable periodic change oi the moisture contained in the refrigerating chamber tor preserving stored foodstufis.

The invention also effective construction or rotors each comprising comprises a particularly arrangement of evapotwo parts as aforesaid according to which the parts of the evaporators air cooling are arranged upon opposite sides of the ice freezing chamber and shove the level thereof, preferably in zig-zag form in two vertical planes located one on each side, whilst at the middle above the ice freezing chamhey there is formed a free space between the evaporators which is suitable for storing goods wchrequire a lower temperature than that obtaig in the remaining part of the refrigeratins chamber or which are required to be cooled quickly.

Examples of the invention, will be set out adapted tor the constructions in accordance with in the description of which there further features, are shown in the accompanying drawings, where n:

Figure 1 shows diagrammatically a refrigerating apparatus with an evaporator arrangement according to the invention.

Figure 1a is Figure l but showing a slightly modified constructional form of evaporator arrangement.

a diagrammotlc view similar to Ill 19, 1939 Figures 2 to 4 show a preferred practical construction of the evaporating device, Fig. 2 being a front elevation, Figure 3 being a section on the line m-m of Figure 2 and Figure t being a section on the line IV-IV of Figures 2 and 3.

As shown in Figure l the refrigerating device consists of two units operat periodically and alternately which in combination give an uninterrupted refrigeration For the sake of clearness the same reference numbers are used herein to indicate correspong parts of the right and left hand ..;.11 the numerals which refer to the right l klul" unit being distal: H hedby the addition or c.

Each of the units consists of a boiler absorber it, its, a condenser i2,-which may be common to both units, a collecting container it, its and an as a whole is its and is arranged in a refrigerating m or cooling chamber it with insulated The collecting condensers to, tile are located in the upper insulated wall of the refrigerating box. The boiler absorbers consist oi a cylindrical vessel 22, 22s with a cylindrical flue so, 26c tor the purpose of heating by a heating source which, in the example shown, is formed by a gas burner 25, the, but may naturally be oi any other suitable type, for example it may consist oi an electrical heating element. in the vessel 22, 22s, are arranged one above the other a nber of annular trays ttiffita which contain a dry salt. A pipe 82, 82a connects the upper part of the boiler absorber it or its to a common condenser it which is connected by a pipe 3Q, his to th collecting containers i l, Me. To the latter is connected an evaporating pipe coil which is provided with a dowardly extending brh tlt, etc which, as shown in hie i, may be surrounded by insulation 3%, the, a lower part dd, etc and a rising part t2, its. The lower parts so, fits serve for ice irg and are therefore in heatconducting connection with a u a: ing chamber tit containing an ice container fit. The ice freezing chamber it preferably consists of metal of which the walls are so thick that they are capableot storing a considerable quantity of cold or it is surrounded for this purpose by a separate heat-storing body. As shown in Figure 1a the lower parts I, lllaof the evaporator tubes may bear against chamber, or, as shown parts of the evaporator tubes may be embedded into the end walls of the ice freezing chamber which walls are thickened for this purpose. The ice freezing chamber 44 may, if necessary, be

indicated by it,

the walls of the ice freezing in Figure 1, said lower covered with 42 and 42a of the evaporator coils serve to cool the air in the refrigerating chamber l8 and for this purpose are provided Wit h cooling ribs which for example may be constructed as radial flanges 50, 50a extending from the rising pipes 42, 42a (Figure l) or may be in the form of parallel fins 60, GM as shown in Figure la on the pipes 42,

42a which are shown bent at an angle. The parts chanical contact. As a result the parts 42 and 42a of the two evaporators, adapted for air cool- 'ing, are separated fromone another in a heat conducting respect so that one part may have a comparatively low temperature and the other part a comparatively high temperature.

As shown in each of Figures 1 and la of the drawings, the right hand unit is in the absorption phase and the left hand unit in the expelling phase. The right hand evaporator coil effects cooling.

evaporator. left hand gas flame is shut off and the right hand flame ignited whereby the left hand evaporator effects cooling and its temperature decreases. The temperature of the right hand evaporator then rises so that it is gradually thawed and the moisture is deposited on the left hand evaporator as frost. This traveling oi the moisture is combined with powerful fluctuations of the moisture contained in the refrigerating chamber, which has been found extremely suitable for preserving foodstuffs, especially vegetables.

The evaporator device shown in greater detail in Figures 2 to 4 can be used in a refrigerating device of the construction shown in Figure 1. In these figures the same references have been used as in Figure l.

The rising parts Q2, 42a of the evaporator pipes are arranged as in the form of construction in Figure i above and on freezing chamber and and located in two vertical planes located on the two sides of the ice freezing chamber. In the said planes there are also located the branches 36, 36a of the evaporator pipes, which conduct the refrigerant from the collecting container. The lower parts 39, 40a of the evaporator pipes bear against the end surfaces of the ice freezing chamber 46. The cooling ribs on the parts of the evaporator adapted for air cooling are in this case formed by plates 53, 50a with deep gutters, which bear against the outsides of the evaporator parts 42, 32a and are secured thereto for example by welding or soldering. These plates extend downwardly to the lower part of the ice freezing chamber without touching the parts Mi, 40a of the evaporating pipes, which for this purpose are bent somewhat inwardly. 52 and 52a indicate two projecting plates which are secured to the lower parts of the plate 50 and 50a and serve to screen the ice freezing chamber, which is at a lower connected together directly so deposited as frost on the right hand During the next working period the opposite sides of th ice are bent in zig-zag form 2,319,806 insulation 0. The rising branchestemperature, so that convection air streams in the refrigerating chamber do not pass over it and heat it.

Between, the evaporator parts 42 and 42a there is formed, above the ice freezing chamber 44, a free space which is confined on three sides by cooling surfaces and which is therefore excellent for storing goods which are to be maintained at a lower temperature than that obtaining in the remaining part of the refrigerating chamber or which are to be cooled quickly.

It will be understood that in the construction in Figures 2 to 4 it is also possible to allow the corrugated plates 50, 50a to terminate on a level with the top side of the ice freezing chamber and to extend the protecting plates 52, 52a upwardly at the sides. It is also possible to make other modifications in the construction shown. Furevaporator coils, arranged in parallel, may extend from a single collecting container, which are-either of the same construction and may therefore serve both for ice freezing and also for air cooling, or which are so arranged that at least one serves for ice freezing and is in heat conducting connection with the ice freezing chamber, whilst the other or others are not in heat conducting connection therewith but only serve for cooling the air. In this case the rising branch of the coil serving for ice freezing may if necessary be provided with cooling ribs so that also this part effects a cooling of the air.

From the foregoing it is believed that the construction, operation and advantages of the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art without further description, it being borne in mind that numerous changes may be made in the details disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention as set out in the following claims. 1

I claim:

1. In absorption intermittent type;

refrigerating apparatus of the an evaporator system having two different portions arranged in series for the passage of the refrigerant, and heat conducting means in heat exchange relation with the first of said portions, said heat conducting means being capable of accumulating the cold produced intermittently by the refrigerant evaporating in the first portion, whereby said evaporator system operates to produce substantially continuous cold at the first of said portions, and intermittent cold at the second of said portions.

2. In absorption refrigerating apparatus of the type having at least two intermittently and alternately operating units; the improvement which consists in an evaporator system including separate parts operatively connected to the different units, in one portion of the evaporator system, the parts operatively connected to-the different units being in heat exchange relationship with one another to produce substantially conplurality of alternately operating units and at least two alternately operating evaporator systems separated from one another, each evapcrating in out of anducting means connecting the first-named ortions of said evaporator systems together, 'hereby sald'flrst-named portions or each evaprator system operate to produce a substantially ontinuous low temperature at a common region, nd each of said second-named portions o produce intermittent low temperatures.

4."I'he combination with absorption refrigeriting apparatus of the intermittent t having i plurality of alternately operating units and at Least two alternately operating evtor systems separated from one another, each evap-v orator system having a downwardly a inlet portion for the e of the refrigeran a second portion at the lower end of said tion, and an upwardly extending return th, which the refrigerant flows to its go thr ugh said second ortion, heat at a: means on the return portion or each evaporator system; of heat conducting i connecting the second named portions of said evaporator systems together, whereby said second-um portions operate to produce a substantially continuous low temperature at a common region, and each of said ing hwt fez-ring means operates to produce intermittent low temperatures.

5. In absorption refrigerating intermittent type having a crating in out of the combination with a, ssytems separated from one another, each evaporator system having a downwardly extending inlet portion for the refrigerant; a, second portion at the lower end of said inlet portion, turn portion extending upwardly from said second portion, said return portion having heat transfe members: necting the second named portions of said evaptogether, said heat conducting means being capable of storing the cold produced alternately by said evaporator system, whereby a continuous low temperature is maintained in said heat conducting means, the return portions of the evaporator systems being separated from one another and being alternately heated and cooled during the generating and absorption phase operations, respectively, of the corresponding units, whereby operates to produce intermittent low temperatures.

6. In absorption refrigerating apparatus of the intermittent type ty of'units opapparatus of the plurality of evaporator having a plurall gvlliase relation to one another,

th two separate evaporator downwardly extendin portion, a second portion extending upwardlv from said first named portion and provided with heat transferring members; of heat conducting means connecting the lower ends of the first named portions of said evaporator systems toather, said heat conducting means being capable of storing the cold-produced alternately by said evaporator system during the alternate absorption phase operations of the units, whereby said first named portions operate .to produce a continuous low temperature at a common region, the second named portions of the evaporator systems syst ms, each is alternately heated and coded during the gengrating and absorption phase operations, respectively, of the corresponding units to produce. in-

termittent low temperatures at regions separate from said common region. 7 7. The combination with a refrigerator cabinet return portions havplurality of units opphase relation to one another,

each of said return portions.

separated from one another, whereby each heat transferring means of heat conducting means coni ing chamber, a second portion having insulating walls arranged to provide a food storage space, a freezing chamber in said cabinet insulated from said food storage space, and a plurality of intermittent type absorption refrigerating units operating in out of phase relation to one another: of at least two evaporator systems separate from one another and lied with refrigerant liquid intermittently and in out of phase relation to one another for producing low temperatures in said fg her and in said food storage wt evaporator :1 having a downwardly eaten inlet portion for the refrigerant, a second portion r m: at lower end of said inlet portion and in change relationship with said i Y Y and an upwardly exten -oz the refrigerant, seate from mld inlet rtlon, and arranged d f storagesp, heat transferring means on the re portions of each evaporator system, and heat conducting means surrounding said frg an: and g. mg said second-nod systems together, whereby said portions of said evaporator cte to produce substantially continuous cold 1- r said heat conducting means to s, pr termlned low temperature in said I was cber, and each of said return portions with the operates to produce in- 2 w; to

second-nod termittent low tern storage space.

8. In combination with having insulating walls arranged to provide a food storage space, and a separate freezing chamber in said cabinet nged adjacent the top of the latter; an absorption refrigerating device of the intermittent type having a plurality of units operating in out of phase relation to one another and-at least two evaporator systems for delivering substantially continuous cold to said freezing chamber and said food storage space, each evaporator system including an inlet portion for the refrigerant extending downwardly from the top of the cabinet to a point adjacent said freezat the lower end of said inlet portion arranged in heat exchange relationship with said freezing chamber, and a return portion for the refrigerant extending upwardly from said second portion and into said food storage space, the inlet, second, and return portions of one evaporator system'being separated from the corresponding portions of the other evaporator system, separate heat transferring means on each of said return portions, each of said heat transferring means being alternately operate to produce low temperature to maintain a predetermined low temperature in said freezing chamber.

9. In combination with a refrigerator cabinet having insulating walls arranged to provide a food storage space, and a separate freezing chamber in said cabinet arranged adjacent the top of the latter; an absorption refrigerating device of the intermittent type having a plurality of units operating in out of phase relation to one another and at least two evaporator systems for delivering substantially continuous cold to said freezing chamber and said food storage space, each evaporator system including an inlet portion for the refrigerant extending downwardly from the top return no for:

portions of the evaporator a refrigerator cabinet chamber, a second portion at the lower end of said inlet portion arranged in heat exchange relationship with said freezing chamber, and a return portion for the refrigerant extending upwardly from said second portion and into said food storage space, the inlet, second, and return portions of one evaporator system being separated from the corresponding portions of the other evaporator system, separate heat transferring means on each of said return portions, each of said heat transferring means being alternately heated and cooled during the generating and ab sorption phase operations, respectively, of the corresponding units, heat conducting means connecting the second portions of the evaporator systems together, whereby said second portions operate to produce a substantially continuous low temperature to maintain a predetermined low temperature in said freezing chamber, and screening means around said freezing chamber for preventing convection air streams from passing over said freezing chamber from said food storage space.

10. In combination with a cabinet having insulating walls arranged to provide a food storage space; a plurality of intermittently operating units, each consisting of a generator absorber, a condenser, a receiver, and an evaporator, a freezing chamber in said cabinet common to said evaporators and having heat conducting walls and located below said receivers, each of said evaporators having a heat exchange portion with the wall structure of said freezing chamber to cause evaporation to take'place in heat exchange therewith, a heat insulated conduit for conducting liquid refrigerant from the receiver to said heat exchange portion, said conduit being out of contact with said freezing chamber wall, and a return portion for conducting refrigerant vapor from the heat exchange portion to said receiver and arranged in spaced relation to said conduit, said return portion extending upwardly from said heat exchange portion to said receiver and having heat transferring members thereon, whereby said return portions are alternately cooled dependent upon the intermittent operation of the units, with-said heat exchange portions being substantially continuously cold for maintaining the temperature in said freezing compartment at a predetermined degree.

11. Refrigerating apparatus of the intermittent absorption type having at least two units operating in out of phase relationship, each unit including an evaporator formed with at least two cold producing sections, and heat conducting means connecting one of said cold producing sections of one evaporator to the corresponding cold producing section of the other evaporator, whereby substantially continuous low temperature is maintained by said connected cold producing sections through said means, the other cold producing sections of the evaporators being separated from one another, whereby each 01' said separated sections is intermittently coated with frost and alternately defrosted during the operation of the corresponding unit.

12. Refrigerating apparatus of the intermittent absorption type having at least two units operating in out of phase relationship, the evaporator of each unit being formed with at least two cold producing sections, and a low'temperature compartment having heat conducting walls connecting one of said cold producing sections of the 3,319,806 of the cabinet to a point adjacent said freezing evaporators together, whereby substantially continuous low temperature is maintained in said compartment by said thermally connected cold producing sections, the other cold producing secproduced intermittently and alternately by said cooling sections in coated with frost and alternately defrosted during the operation of the corresponding unit to maintain a relatively high humidity in a thermally insulated storage space.

14. In absorption refrigerating apparatus of the intermittent type having at least two units operable in out of phase relationship, each unit 15. In a refrigerating cabinet having a storage ant liquid to each of higher temperature cooling unit to cool the air in said storage space substantially continuously.

17. In a refrigerator cabinet having a storage space, the combination of means including at least two separate cooling elements producing intermittent cold in phase relation to'one another and providing a low temperature cooling unit in which cold is produced substantially continuously, and separate means including at least two cooling elements producing intermittent cold in phase relation to one another and arranged in spacedapart relationship to cool the air in said storage space substantially continuously.

18. In a refrigerator cabinet, the combination of a plurality of compartments adapted to be cooled, separate cooling means for each of said compartments, each cooling means including at least two separate refrigerant evaporating elements, the separate refrigerant evaporating elements in at least one of said compartments being arranged in spaced-apart relationship with respect to one another, and means to flow refrigersaid evaporating elements intermittently and in phase relation to one another for the production of substantially continuous cold'in each of said compartments.

19. In a refrigerator cabinet, the combination of a low temperature compartment and a higher temperature storage compartment, separate cooling means for each of said compartments, each of said cooling means including at least two separate refrigerant evaporating elements, the separate refrigerant evaporating elements in said higher temperature storage compartment being arranged in spaced-apart relationship with respect to one another, and means to flow refrigerant liquid to each of said evaporating elements intermittently and in phase relation to one-another for the production of substantially continuous cold in each of said compartments. a

20. In a refrigerator cabinet, the combination of a low temperature zone and a higher temperature storage zone, separate cooling means for each of said zones, each of said cooling means including at least two separate refrigerant evaporating elements, and means to flow refrigerant liquid to each of said evaporating elements intermittently and in phase relation to one another for the production of substantially continuous cold in each of said zones, the refrigerant evaporating elements of said higher temperature storage zone being arranged in "spaced-apart relationship with respect to one another and with respect to the refrigerant evaporating elements of said low temperature zone, whereby each refrigerant evaporating elements of said higher tem-' perature zone is intermittently coated with frost during its cold-producing periods and altemately defrosted to maintain a relatively high humidity in said higher temperature storage zone.

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