US2316881A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

OIL BURNER Filed May 28, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.

7mm Z. h/Mmv ATTORNEY.

April 20, 1943. A. w. MORSE EI'AL OIL BURNER Filed May 28, 1941' -2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I N VEN TOR: /4/ber/' Morse and M. BY

mN WW Q QYME eel/7" Sm W ATTORNEY.

Patented Apr. 20, 1943 OIL BURNER Albert W. Morse, Forest Hills, and Vincent Singer,

Glendale, N. Y., assignors to The Anthony Company, Long Island City, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application May 28, 1941, Serial No. 395,628

7 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in oil burners in which the oil and air control valves are interlocked and it is the principal object of the invention to provide interlocking means for these valves in which by a single operation, the supply of air and oil is increased ordecreased in certain predetermined proportions.

Another object is to permit of ready variation of the proportions between air and oil.

A further object is to provide particularly efficient atomizing means for the oil and for the oil and air mixture within and externally of the burner.

A still further object is to provide for the afore said purposes a structure which is extremely simple to operate, very economical to manufacture, and most efficient in performance.

'Other objects will become apparent in the accompanying drawings and the following specification in which a preferred form of the inven-' tion is shown and described.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 isan exterior side view of a burner embodying the principles of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the same;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectionalview through the burner along the plane of line 3-3 of Fig. 2, partly in elevation;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view, partly in elevation, of the oil regulating means at minimum discharge; and

Fig. 5 is a similar view of the oil adjusting means at maximum discharge.

Like characters of reference denote similar parts throughout the several views and the following specification.

I0 is a hollow burner casing, substantially L-shaped, having its longer branch threaded at |2 to receive an air adjusting cap |3 'having a central outlet l4 surrounded by converging walls I5. The shorter branch I6 is threaded interiorly for an air supply pipe Adjacent branch l6 and in alignment with the center of branch H and outlet M of the adjusting cap |3, the casing I0 is threaded to receive an operating collar i8 having a cylindrical extension I9 within the easing I0. 20 is a helical slot through part of the wall of extension I9.

2| is a valve housing connected by yoke arms 22 upon a ring 23 fastened to operating collar |8 by screws 24. Valve housing 2| is substantially T-shaped having its run in alignment with the long branch H of casing Ill and having its outer end threaded interiorly to receive a holder 25 supporting within it a shoulder 26 of an oil valve plug 21 which is locked to the holder by means of a lock nut 28. The holder 25 carrying the oil valve plug 21 is adjustable within the threaded end of valve housing 2| and is adapted to be locked in an adjusted position by a lock plug 29.

-- 30 is an oil inlet slot or groove in the outer surface of the plug 21 of a tapering depth from zero at the free end of the plug to its greatest depth toward the head of the plug. A housing cap 3| is screwed oil tightly over the outer end of valve housing 2|. At substantially right angles to the run of valve housing 2| an oil supply .pipe 32 is screwed into it.

.33 is an operating lever having a central hub 34 centrally and rotatably disposed within operating collar I8 and held in position by a snap spring ring 35. 36 is an indicating finger at one side of hub 34 preferably opposite a handle part 31. 38 is an arcuate index plate at the outside of ring 23 facing index finger 36 of lever 33 and carrying, preferably, numbers or other position indicating marks.

Centrally and slidably disposed within hub 34 of lever 33 is an oil tube 39 having a central duct 40. 4| is a key set into oil tube 39 and a slot in hub 34 which prevents rotation of the tube with respect to the hub but permits of longitudinal reciprocation therewithin. An end 42 of oil tube 39, reduced somewhat in diameter, extends into the run of valve housing 2| and is bored out interiorly at 43 to slidingly engage oil valve plug 21. 44 is a gland nut in the valve housing around Into the end or 011 tube 39, near the outlet or the burner, is screwed an oil nozzle 48 preferably of the type known as Nebulizer, that is, a nozzle in which oil is atomized into a very fine mist prior to its mixing with air by its own pressure and by admission into passages leading tangentially into a small swirling chamber within the nozzle prior to being discharged therefrom. Oil nozzle 48 has outer faces 49 converging towards the burner outlet. .50 is an air deflector cap having a central orifice 5| and inner deflecting faces 52 surrounding this orifice and. converging toward outer faces '49 of the nozzle 48. The outlet end of orifice 5| is beveled to form oil deflecting faces 53, surrounded by outer air deflecting faces 54 converging toward inner walls ,l5 of cap l3. Air deflector cap 5|! is threaded at 55 to screw onto a correspondingly threaded collar 56 of a deflector holder. Collar 55 is in spaced relation to outer surface of oil tube 39 and nozzle 48 and isconnected by arms 58 to a smaller collar 59 fastened to oil tube 39 by screws 59. The operation of the burner is as follows: 7 The normal closed position of the burner is shown in Fig. 3. In this position the index finger 36 of lever 33 points tonumber "1 of the index plate 38 as shown in Fig. 2. Oil is admitted under pressure, by an independent control valve (not shown) into oil supply pipe 32 and, by

virtue of the loose flt of oil valve plug 21 and the groove 30 into duct 43 of oil tube 39 and into nozzle 48 where the oil is atomized and is given a swirling motion to be finally expelled therefrom in form of a very fine mist from its outlet where it assumes the shape of an inverted cone guided by surfaces 53 of deflector cap 58 and issues through outlet l4 of the air adjusting cap l3 from the burner.

Air, under pressure, has been admitted into the burner casing through supply pipe II. This air under its full pressure is directed against the spray of oil issuing from oil nozzle 48 by outer faces 49 of the nozzle and inner faces 52 of the deflector cap 50 which are in practice about 1k" apart at their closest position at minimum adjustment. Air, already admitted into the casing. is simultaneously'directed against the mixture issuing from central orifice 5| of cap 58 by inner faces l5 of air adjusting cap l3 and outer faces 54 of cap 50, the resulting mixture issuing finally from outlet l4 of cap l3. It is to be noted that even at minimum adjustment, which is illustrated in Fig. 4, air is always passed betwen oil nozzle 48 and deflector cap 50 for the particular purpose of keeping the oil nozzle cool whenever the burner should not be in operation. This further has the effect of providing a perfect concentric mixture at the outlet end which is quite difllcult to obtain when depending for spray adjustment upon a final single and large air adjusting cap only at minimum adjustment.

In Fig. 4 is shown the minimum adjustment of oil control of the burner. The operating lever indicates this position as 1" on the index. By gradually moving the handle 31 of the operating leverclockwise or to the left, the head 41 of pin 46, fastened through block 45 to oil tube 39, travels in the helical slot 20 of extension l9 of the operating collar l8 and thus forces the oil tube 39 to move toward the oil valve plug 21. being guided in this travel by the central bore in hub 34 of lever 33 and valve housing 2| and'gland 44. During this motion the deflector cap 50 moves away from air adjusting cap l3 being fastened to the oil tube, while the reduced end 42 slides further over the oil valve plug 21 and in so doing .increases the size of the inlet by virtue of the increasing depth of oil groove 39 in direct communication with duct 40 of the oil tube, thus admitting more oil as more air is admitted, or in other words, oil and air are at all times in certain fixed and predetermined proportions during the entire adjustment period of the burner from "1 to "10? on the index, the positions of the oil control being shown clearly and in detail in Figs. 4 and 5 at their minimum and maximum adjustments.

It is obvious that the oil valve plug can be adjusted for more or less oil at minimum setting and thus through theientire range of settings,

.by screwing the plug with its holder 25 more or less into the valve housing to increase .the size of the oil inlet by varying the depth of the groove with respect to the end of the oil tube within which the plug is guided. Similarly, the shape of the spray and the flame can be regulated by adjusting theair cap l3 at the outlet end, as well as the deflector cap 50 with respect to the 'oil nozzle '48 and cap l3. Moreover the depth and length of the oil inlet groove in the plug may be alteredto suit various conditions.

Attention is particularly drawn to the fact that the oil is atomized in a specially eflicient man ner, namely (1) by mechanical atomizing within the nozzle, (2) by air between deflector cap-and nozzle, and (3) byair betweendeflector cap and air adjusting cap, resulting in triple atomizing. Air at full available pressure flows through both these passages regardless of adjustment,

Furthermore, while we have described the In place of a longitudinal groove in the valve plug, we may taper the plunger, except its very end, so that sliding the oil tube over the plug will increasethe effective oil inlet gradually, or use slots shaped triangularly or otherwise to cause the same eflect. c

It isfurther understood that while we have described herein our invention as applied to one kind, of burner, its use and application maybe varied and serve other. forms of burners as well. Various other changes-in the form, proportion and minor details of construction may beresorted to without departing from the principles- 7 or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention, as defined in the appended claims.

What we claim as new is:

1. In an oil burner, an elongated casing wit an air inlet at its side and an air outlet at its front end, an adjustable air cap at said outlet,

a valve housing secured to the rear end of said casing having an oil inlet, an oil valve plug in said housing having a cross section of graduallyv decreasing area in one direction along the plug toward said outlet, an 'oil tube through said cas-' ing, means slidably supportingv said tube within said casing, one end of said tube slidably engaging said valve plug, an oil nozzle secured to the other,

end of said tube, an air deflector cap supported upon said tube around said nozzle, and operating means to slide said tube over said valve plug in a direction away from saidv outlet wherebyan increased area of opening between said plug and said tube is brought into communication with the front end, an adjustable air cap at said outlet,

a valve housing secured to the rear end oi' said casing having an oil inlet, an oil valve plug in Y said housing having a groove decreasing in depth toward said outlet, an oil tube through said casing, means slidably supporting said tube within said casing, one end of said tube slidably engaging said valve plug, an oil nozzle secured to the other end of said tube, an air deflector cap secured to said tube around said nozzle; and operating means to lide said tube over said valve plug in a direction away from said outlet whereby an increased cross section of the groove in said plug is brought into communication with the inside of said tube, said operating means simultaneously increasing the distance between said deflector cap and the air adjusting cap.

3. In an oil burner, an elongated casing with an air inlet at its side and an air outlet at its front end, an adjustable air cap at said outlet, a valve housing having an oil inlet secured to the rear end of said casing, an oil valve plug adjustably disposed within said housing having a longitudinal groove decreasing in depth toward said outlet, an oil tube slidably guided within said casing, one end of said tube slidably engaging said valve plug, an oil nozzle secured to the other end of said tube, an air deflector cap secured to. said tube surrounding said oil nozzle and located within said air adjusting cap, and means including a pin operating'in a helical slot to cause said tube to slide over said valve plug in a direction away from said outlet whereby an increased cross section or said groove is brought into communication with the inside of said tube and whereby simultaneously the distance is increased between said deflector cap and the air adjusting cap. 4. In an oil burner, an elongated casing with an air inlet at its side and an air outlet at its front end, an adjustable air cap at said outlet, a valve housing having an oil inlet secured to the rear end of said casing, an oil valve plug adjustably disposed within said housing having a longitudinal groove decreasing in depth toward said outlet, an oil tube slidably guided within said casing, one end of said tube slidably engaging said valve plug, an oil nozzle secured to the other end of said tube, an air deflector cap secured to said tube surrounding said oil nozzle in spaced relation therewith and located within said air adjusting cap, and means to cause said tube to slide over said valve plug in a direction away from said outlet whereby an increased cross section of said groove is brought into communication with the inside of said tube and whereby simultaneously the distance is increased between said deflector cap and the air adjusting cap.

5. In an oil burner, an elongated casing with an air inlet at its side and an air outlet at its front end, an adjustable air cap at said outlet, a support secured to the rear end of said casing, a cylindrical extension of said support within said casing and having a helical slot, a valve housing having an oil inlet secured to said support, an oil valve plug adjustably disposed within, said housing having a longitudinal groove decreasing in depth toward said outlet, an operating lever havinga hub rotatably fastened to said support, an oil tube slidably disposed within said hub and keyed thereto to prevent rotation relative to said hub, guide means on said oil tube adapted to slide within said extension, a pin projecting 7 from said guide means into said helical slot, one end of said tube slidably engaging said valve plug, an oil nozzle secured to the other end 01 said tube surrounding said oil nozzle and located withi in said air adjusting cap, a turning movement of said lever forcing said pin to travel within said slot and said tube to slide over said valve plug in a direction away from said outlet whereby an increased cross section of said groove is brought into communication with the inside of said tube and simultaneously the distance is increased between said deflector cap and the air adjusting cap.

6. In an oil burner, an elongated casing with an air inlet at its side and an air outlet at its front end, an adjustable air cap at said outlet, a support secured to the rear end of said casing, a cylindrical extension of said support within said casing and having a helical slot, a valve housing having an oil inletsecured to said support, an oil valve plug adjustably disposed within said housing having a cross section of gradually decreasing area in one direction along the plug toward said outlet, an operating lever having a central hub rotatablyfastened to said support, an oil tube slidably disposed within said hub and keyed thereto to prevent rotation relative to said hub, guide means on said oil tube adapted to slide within said extension, a pin projecting from said guide means into said helical slot, one end of said tube slidably engaging said valve plug, an'oil nozzle,

secured to the other end of said tube, and an air deflector cap secured to said tube surrounding said oil nozzle and located within said air adjusting cap, a turning movement of said lever -is brought into communication with the inside of said tube and whereby simultaneously the distance is increased between said deflector cap and the air adjusting cap.

7. In an oil burner, an elongated casing with an air inlet at its side and an air outlet at its .front end, an adjustable air cap at said outlet, a sup port secured to the rear end of said casing, a cylindrical extension of said support within said casing and having a helical slot, a valve housing having an oil inlet secured to said support, an oil valve plug adjustably disposed within said housing having a longitudinal groove decreasing in depth toward said outlet, an operating lever having a hub-rotatably fastened to said support, an oil tube slidably disposed within said hub and keyed thereto to prevent rotation relative to said hub,

an operating block fixedly secured to said oil tube adapted to slide within said extension, a pin projecting from said block and into said helical slot, one end of said tube slidably engaging said valve plug, an oil nozzle secured to the other end of said tube, and an air deflector cap secured to said tube surrounding said oil nozzle and located within said air adjusting cap, a turning movement of said lever forcing said. pin to travel within said slot and said tube to slide over said valve plug in a direction away from said outlet whereby an increased cross section of said groove is brought into communication with the inside of said tube and whereby simultaneously the distance is increased between saiddefiector cap and the air adjusting cap.

ALBERT W. MORSE. 4 VINCENT SINGER

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