US2315412A - Dual flame oil burner and control system therefor - Google Patents

Description

March 30, 1943. B, Ec 2,315,412

DUAL FLAME OIL BURNER AND CONTROL SYSTEM THEREFOR Filed April 17; 1942 a 1 gum-u) NP 7 50/ g, 26 Ell 35 /39 Patented Mar. 30, 1943 DUAL FLAME OIL BURNER AND CONTROL SYSTEM THEREFOR Bennie L. Galumheck, New York, N. Y.

Application April 17, 1942, Serial No. 439,442 4 Claims. (01. 158-76) This invention relates to oil burner installations and has particular reference to devices used for the heating of homes and other buildings.

One object of the invention is to provide a device of the character described having improved control means for the air supplied to an oil burner which is capable of discharging one or more streams of fuel oil for constant heating requirements and also to meet peak load conditions.

Another object of the invention is to provide such an oil burner installation wherein improved means afford a simplified and accurate setting to suit buildings having difierent heating characteristics which are to be met under the constant andpeak load conditions referred to.

Another object of the invention is to furnish an oil burner of the atomizing type having a plurality of oil nozzles at the burner orifice, the nozzles and the orifice being so coordinated in a fixed manner as to afford a proper distribution of air fiow regardless of whether oil is being fired at one or both of the orifices with consequen change in the volume of air supplied.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the specification proceeds. With the aforesaid objects in view, the invention consists in the novel combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described in their preferred embodiments, pointed out in the subjoined claims, and illustrated in the annexed drawing, wherein like parts are designated by the same reference characters throughout the several views.

Figure l is a view in side elevation with parts removed and in section showing an installation embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a similar plan view thereof, but also schematically showing certain other of the automatic control features.

The advantages of the invention as here outlined are best realized when all of its'featuresand instrumentalities are combined in one and the same structure, but, useful devices may be produced embodying less than the whole.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which the invention ap'pertains, that the same may be incorporated in several different constructions. The accompanying drawing, therefore, is submitted merely as showing the preferred exemplification of the invention.

Referring in detail to the drawing, l denotes an oil-burner installation embodying the inven- 1 ple, inexpensive and foolproof, and yet afford a relatively high degree of efliciency. Preferably such a system should be operative constantly, instead of intermittently. The intermittently fired system wastes heat because it is necessary to reheat the boiler and its water at frequent intervals; also substantial discomfort results even aside from thermostat limitations, because the temperature of the building continues to fall during the reheating of the boiler and pipes. These results can be avoided by a dual flame burner, affording a normal rate of firing for normal or constant load, and a peak rate of firing for maxi-' mum load conditions as in the event of an unusual cold spell, or in quickly bringing up the temperature of the house in the morning. As distinguished from the normal constant firing, the added rate of firing caused by a second oil nozzle is intermittent.

The device It) may be exemplified by an atomizing oil burner l I having a tubular body 82 forming at one end an orifice l3 at which the mixture of air and atomized oil issues to burn in the combustion chamber ofthe boiler. At its other end, as at it, the burner is connected to the outlet of a source of air pressure such'as a rotary blower l5 ofany well known type. The latter may be driven by a constant speed motor l6, which is the least expensive for this type of installation. Connected to the inlet of the blower housing is a device I I adapted to effect a combined control and setting for the dual flame burner. l I

The device ll may comprise a casing l8 having an upper portion coaxial with the blower'inlet and a lower portion open preferably at the bottoml9 to tend to exclude dirt and dust. The

lower portion may have a plurality of passages .of the passages 2|, 22 may be adjusted by these valves which can be individually set as by suitable locking their rods 25. For 'this'purpose, the

rods may project from the casing l8 for conven- -1ence in turning the valves, and a locking means 26 may comprise nuts and locknuts for each rod to maintain thesame in set position.

Efrovided one of the passages of the casing I8 is an additional like .valve or plate Zlfixed on a rod 28 journaled in opposed walls of the passage 2 l, for example along an axis at right angles to that of either rod 23. But unlike the valves 23, 24, the: valve 21 is not locked but is opened on peak load and closed during normal constant load. Hence a portion of the rod 23 may project from the casing ill to be operated by any suitable control means such as a solenoid 29. The plunger 33 of the latter may have a link 3! slidably engaged with a yoke or knuckle 32 that is fixed on the valve rod 23. When the solenoid is deenergized the weight of parts may move the valve 21 to closed position; when energized, the valve is moved to open position.

The valves 23, 24, and 21 cooperate with the dual flame oil burner il, exemplified as by a plurality of spaced nozzles such as 33, 34 having individual oil pipes 35, 36. In addition to other controls that may be provided, the pipe 36 may have a valve 31 controlled by a solenoid 38. The solenoids 29 and 38 may be operated by any suitable control 39 schematically shown, and adapted to be responsive to steam pressure or temperature or to the temperature in the house in any well known manner. Accordingly, the control 33 may cause both solenoids 29 and 38 to be operated simultaneously to open the valves 21 and 31 to permit air to flow through the passage 2i and oil to fiow through the pipe 36 to the nozzle 34. It will beunderstood that oil may flow continuously through the pipe to the nozzle 33 subject, if desired, to such automatic house temperature or steam pressure controls as may be provided.

It is preferable to dispose the oil tubes 35, 33 relatively closely to the side walls of the burner tube I2, since maximum air flow occurs at the center of a pipe or orifice. However, at the orifice i3, the nozzles 33, 34 are relatively close to the center so that they shall be completely surrounded by .the stream of air to assure a completely atomized fiow of oil well mixed with the air. Such a mixture is quite essential especially with the small combustion chambers of household boilers. If the valve 21 is closed, and only the nozzle 33 is firing, the reduced flow of air more readily envelops the stream of atomized oil. In order to further direct this reduced flow of air to th nozzle 33, and to accomplish this withtapered part as at 40 and with a reentrant edged part as at 4i. Each of the parts 40 and 4| may extend for about one-half the circumference of the orifice l3, and as shown, the .part 4| may be gradually reduced toward the nozzle 33. Thus the reduced fiow of air will tend to be deflected toward the nozzle 33 to form a uniform firing mixture of air and oil. But if both nozzles are firing, with the valve 21 open, the greatly increased flow of air will not be materially affected by the parts 40 and 4i, the only difference being that there will be a little more turbulence of air flow near the nozzle 34 due to the part 4|. Such increased turbulence will be of advantage in lacilitating a better mixing of the oil with the larger volume of air.

The device l0 may be made up as a compact unit supported as on a pedestal 42.

Th operation of the device ill will now be briefly described. In designing an installation for a given house, the normal and peak require is ejecting oil,

sages ments are computed. The nozzles 33 and 34 are then selected accordingly. Now the system is tested, firing first the nozzle 33 alone, with the valve 2'! closed, and the valve 24 is adjusted and locked in a position to pass the proper amount of air for the most efllcient combustion. Then both nozzles 33 and 34 are fired, the valve 21 being open, and the valve 23 is set and locked in a po-' sition to pass the proper amount oi air for peri'ect combustion. The device In isnowin condition for regular use. With the change in the seasons, it may be desirable to reset the valves 23 and 24. The construction disclosed has the advantage of great flexibility and easy and reliable setting for different seasons and for homes having different heating characteristics. For example, the device l0 may be identical for various houses and may have sufficient capacity for a substantial range of heating requirements so that only the nozzles 33 and 34 need be changed or selected according to the computed heating requirements of the particular house. When the valve 2'! is closed, a saving in motor current results, because the blower I5 is throttled at its inlet and is operating at reduced capacity,

I claim:

1. A device including a burner having a conduit open at one end to form a discharg orifice and having an air inlet spaced from the orifice for receiving air, two pipes having individual nozzles at said orifice, whereby oil can be supplied to the burner through one or both of said pipes, a source of air under pressure connected to said air inlet, and means for controlling the volume of air supplied by said source to the burner, including a casing having a plurality of air pastherein, individual manually settable valves for said passages, means for adjustably setting said valves, a control valve for only one of said passages, and means for automatically opening and closing the control valve independently of the adjustment of the settable valves, so that air may be supplied to the burner through one or both of said passages according as one or both of said nozzles are firing.

2. A device including an oil burner of the mechanical atomizing type including an air conduit having a discharge orifice, two oil discharging nozzles at the orifice of the conduit, one or both of saidnozzles being operative at will, the different nozzles being near different sides of the orifice, the orifice having portions providing substantially differentcoefficients of air discharge at said different sides so that if only one nozzle is ejecting oil, the correspondingly re-' duced stream of air will tend to flow toward that side of the orifice nearest to the oil ejecting nozzle.

3. A device including an oil burner of the me chanical atomizing type including an air conduit having a discharge orifice, two oil discharging nozzles at the orific of the conduit, one or both of said nozzles being operative at will, the different nozzles being near diilerent sides of the orifice, the orifice having portions providing substantially diiferent coefiicients of air discharge at said different sides so that if only one nozzle the correspondingly reduced stream of air will tend to flow toward that side of the orifice nearest to the oil ejecting nozzle and means for increasing and for reducing the flow of air to the burner according as oil is being ejected by one or both of said nozzles.

4. A device including an oil burner of the mechanically atomizing type having a tubular air conduit provided with a discharge orifice and two oil ejecting nozzles one or both of which are operative at will, and means for controlling the flow of air to the burner including a casing having a plurality of air supply passages communieating with said conduit, means responsive to a condition that is to be maintained for closing one of said passages when fuel is being ejected from only one of the nozzles and for opening said passages independent of said means for controlling the volume of air passing therethrough, and means for locking said valves in set position, said nozzles being located near different sides of the burner orifice, the burner having portions for providing substantially different coefiioients of friction adjacent to the different nozzles so that when the volume of air is reduced, the stream of air tends to flow mainly through that part of,

the orifice which is nearest to the operating nozzle.

BENNIE L. GALUMBECK.

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