US1699032A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 15, 1929.

F. w. SHUELL T AL GAS BURNER Filed March 1. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l jwuemfoz jaw/r )7 5/71/62) [22770 E. Lea 662%? Jan. 15, 1929.

F. w. SHUELL ET AL GAS BURNER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 1, 1926 luvemtoz Ja/dr "73/71/622 EZWEY f. La bcfziw 6cm mu Patented Jan. 15, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK W. SHUELL AND ELMER E. LEDBETTER, DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNORS TO EVERHOT HEATER COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

GAS BURNER.

Application filed March 1, 1926. Serial No. 91,596.

The .invention relatesto gas burners and more particularly to a construction designed for use with normal gas pressures ranging in different localities from two or three inches of water to as much as thirty inchesand adapted for thermostatic control, whereby the flame may be .turned up or down to regulate the flow of gas from theminimum required for a pilot light, to the maximum for heating effect.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a burner construction of the above type which is quiet in operation atv all demands avoiding the noises that have heretofore been associated with such burners. Another object is to provide a construction capable of being used either with manufactured or natural gas at the pressures found in various localities without danger of extinguishing the flame. A further object is to shorten and spread the flame so that complete combustion can be effected in a shorter space, thereby enabling the burner to be set closer to the device to be heated.

Our burner is particularly adapted for use in connection with a water heating apparatus of the type which always has a supply of hot water available for use, the burner being controlled thermostatically according to the demand. In the present state of the art it is commonto direct the mixture from two or more burner tubes toward each other to heard at a considerable distance from the burner. Our improved construction has all the advantages of the impinging type of burner and has further advantage of a practically noiseless operation, more complete combustion and shortening of ,the space required for combustion In general, our burner comprises one or more mixing tubes of a modified Bunsen burner type capable of being operated both as a pilot light and as a powerful burner and being so constructed that if the flame burns withinthe tube at low demands, it will be expelled outward at, higher demands. Spaced from each mixing tube and in alignment therewith is a solid baflle, preferably metallic, againstwhich the gases strike and are deflectedand spread, thus exposing a larger surface to the air. The bafie is prefoutlet of the mixing ,tube is preferably made as short as possible consistent with the securing of proper combustion of the gases.

When our burner is used with manufactured gas which has a relatively high rate of flame propagatlon, ,the gases will ordinarily burn throughout the entire distance between the outlet of the mixing tube and the baflle even when the burner is operating under maximum demand, but when the burner is used with natural gas having a lower rate of flame propagation, the gases will at certain stages burn at the baflle'only. If the mixing tubes were not provided with bafllesand the burner operated with natural gas, there would be a danger of the flame being lifted off to the point of extinguishment. Ifon the other hand the burner tube were placed so close to the surface to be heated as .to prevent the lifting of the flame then the flame would result in the deposition of carbon upon the heating surface due tothe flame striking a relatively cold surface. Our construction therefore insures the maintenance of the flame when operating with natural gas and at the same time shortens the space required for combustion and eliminates all danger of carbon deposits.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a hot water heater embodying our invention. Figure 2 is a plan view of the burner, Figure 3 is a transverse section on ,the line 33\of the Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a modified construction. I

Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of the valves of Figure 1.

Referring now more specifically to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in'.

Figures 1 to 4, A is the hot water tank, B the gas supply conduit, C the thermostatically controlled throttle valve for the gas supply and D the improved burner. The

106 jacket E spaced from the sides of t burner. This jacket is continued downwardly below the bottom of the tank A forming a combustion chamber F and the burner- D is arranged in the combustion chamber centrally below the tank A and spaced from the same.

The burner comprises a central head Gr having a threaded inlet opening G, adapted to be attached to the end of the gas supply conduit B. The upper portion of the head is preferably polygonal in shape, each side being provided with a threaded aperture H, for recelvlng a correspondlngly threaded burner tube I. Each of the burner tubes extend radially outward from the burner head and while any desired number of tubes may be employed, the construction as specificallyillustrated is provided with four tubes arranged 90 apart. Each .burner is constructed with a central calibrated gas orifice J and with one or more air inlet apertures K extending through the cylindrical walls of the tube on the discharge side of the gasorifice J. The gas and air inlet orifices are so proportioned that under maximum supply only a portion of the oxygen required for complete combustion is co-mingled with the gas in the tube. This has the effect of making an over-rich gas mixture soon as the velocity is increased to beyond the speed of flame propagation the flame will pass outward and burn entirely-outside of the burner tube.

L represents the baflie member which is sleeved upon the lower portion of the burner head G and secured-thereto by suitable means, such as a set screw'L. This bafiie has the radially; extending-arms M arranged below ea ch of the burner tubes I and as shown the arms are all part-of a single integral casting. .At theouter end of each arm the bafiie is curved upwardly as indicated at N crossing the-path {Ofthe gases issuing from theadjacent burner-tube. The portion N is preferably. gradually. curved from a direction parallel to the burner tube,

to a-direction transverse thereto, thus progular shape, arranged directly below the outlet of the burner tube in. order to facilividing a smooth deflecting surface against -which the burning ases impinge. Each of the arms M is pre rably provided-with a cutaway portionO of substantially triantate the mixture of air with the burner gases and to prevent accumulations of foreign matter .around the outlets of burner tubes.

The arms N are also preferably constructed with r'elatiyely thin walls which are re-inforced by a series of ribs P to insure ade quate strength of the casting.

In order that the gas burner as above described may be used in various localities where the gas available for heating purposes is supplied under varying pressures, each burner head G is provided with a removable plug Q having a calibrated orifice Q therein, adapted to supply all of the gas for the several burner tubes. A series of ex changeable plugs is provided having orifices of different calibrations so that in any particular locality the burner head may be fitted with the one which will insure a certain predetermined pressure within the burner head. Thus the burner tubes I may be con-- structed to have the gas and air orifices J and K respectively, proportioned to give the desired mixture with a predetermined gas pressureand this pressure may, be secured in the burner head regardless of the pressure commercially obtainable in a particular locality by the selection of the proper calibrated plug Q. I

The position of the calibrated plug in the supply line is not of great importance as far as the functioning of the burner is concerned, except that it must not be too close to the burner tubes, as in that event the discharge through the calibrated orifice causes turbulence interfering with the proper distribution of the. gas into the burner tubes and increasing the noise of operation. Therefore in the construction 'as illustrated in Figure 3 the burner head G is of suflicient length so that when theplug Q is in position it will be spaced far enough from the burner tubes to prevent turbulence andnoise. However, the regulating orifice may conveniently be placed further from the burner head with equally good results and in Figure 1 the supply pipe -B is provided with the calibrated orifice W in the shut off valve W, the latter being located on the inlet side of thethrottling valve C. The use of the calibrated plug in either position is of particular value in burners operating on natural gas, for by reducing the pressure before entering the burner tubes the noise of theburner is greatly reduced.

In the operation of the burner as above described the mixture formed in the various burner tubes emerges from the burner head in a radial direction, but the flames are all deflected upwardl by the curved baflles N,

so as to be directe against the bottom of the water tank A. Such a construction results in obtaining the advantages heretofore mentioned and is a marked improvement over I burnerconstructions heretofore employed in hot waterheaters.

. In the modification as illustrated in Y Figure 5, the burner comprises the parallel suitably connected to the burner and as shown there are the connecting bars I and T arranged parallel to the tubes R and R respectively, and supported by a cross bar U, which in turn is mounted on a vertical rod U rising from a cross bracket U The bar U is preferably threaded to provide for a vertical adjustment of the bafiles 'S, with respect to the burner tubes. Q

With themodifiedarrangement as above described, the gases from the burner tubes impinge directly upon the baffles S and are tially in a common lane, a series of baflles each being spaced rom the outlet of one tube and arranged in the path of the issuing mixture, said baffles having curved imperforate surfaces extending outwardly and transversely of said tubes, thereby deflecting the flames'frofii all of said tubes in the same direction substantially perpendicular to said plane.

2. In a gas burner, the combination with a burner head, having a plurality of radially extending mixing tubes arranged substantially in a common plane, of a member extending side 0 said plane ,*said member having a series of curved imperforate baflie surfaces These bafiles may be opposite the respective tubes adapted to deflect the flames therefrom in a direction transverse to said plane.

3. In a gas burner, the combination with a burner head, of a series of mixing tubes extending radially of said head, a series of radially projecting members arranged below said tubes, each member having a curved surface extending across the path of the mixture from the ad'acent tube and having a cut-away portion immediately below the outlet of said tube.

4. In a gas burner, the combination with a' central gas supply conduit, of a burner head mounted thereon, a series of mixing tubes extending radially of said head in a horizontal plane, and a member connected to' said burner head below said tubes having imperforate portions crossing the path of each of said tubes, said crossing portions being spaced from said tubes and being gradually curved from the horizontal to the vertical. l

5. A gas burner comprising a central gas supply head, a pluralit of burner tubes extending radially outwar from said head, each tubehaving gas and air inlet ports proportioned to produce a rich mixture in said tube having a low rate of flame pro aation such that said tube will be swept ree from all flame at mixture velocities obtainable under normal gas pressures, a member having a hub secured to said gas supply head, said member having a series of integral bafiles extending radially outward-from said hub each battle being arranged opposite a burner tube and having a cut-away portion adjacent said tube for introducing air to the mixture impinging on the baflie, each bafile member having a surface extending at an angle to the path of the discharged mixture and of an area sufiicient to intercept and deflect all of the mixture issuing from the 00- operating burner tube .whereby complete combustion of the mixture is obtained in a short distance.

' In testimony whereof -we aflix our signatures.

radially of said burner head at one FRANK w. SHUELL.

ELMER E. LEDBEETER.

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