US2315194A - Building block - Google Patents

Description

March 30, 1943. FOREMAN l 2,315,194

BUILDING BLOCK Filed Jan. 30, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Marh 30, 1943. l. FORI-:MAN 2,315,194

' BUILD'LN@ BLOCK I Filed Jan. ZO, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 m fi 2,9' ze z5 o Patented Mar. 30, 1943 UNITED `STATES .PATENT OFFICE This invention relates to a building kbloeit and to av wall construction formed thereby.

An object of the invention is to provide a build'-A ing block that is adapted to be employed in the erection of a hollow wall structure, andwhich is so formed as to facilitate the application ofl metallic reinforcements t6 the structure.`

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overlie the outer-sides of the vertical vrods.

g A further object is to provide a concrete block and` hollow wall construction so formed as to produce load supporting walls having considerable stabilityryet embodying a minimum volume of concrete in relation to the wall thickness, and in Another object is to provide a constructionin a building jblock which will perni-itassemblagev of vertical` reinforcingfrods within the'v body or' mass of the block after the latter is set in place in a wall, and whereby vertical reinforcing rods may be passed downwardly through alseries of courses of the blocks after the erection offa wall to a desired height, and whereby the rods may be imbedded in concrete after being assembled in a wall.

Anotherobject is to provide a building block which is adapted to be set in a wall without mortar when desired and which is so iormedi'as to permit grouting ofthe joints between contiguous blocks after their assemblage in a wall.

which an airspace will be afforded between outer and inner wall sections throughout the wall structure that will serve as moisture insulation, and in` which the outer and inner wall sections are tied together -by a. series of gussets so arranged as lto permit the ready locating of service pipes or conduits within the wall structure.

With the foregoing objects. in view, together with such other objects and advantages vas maysubsequently appear, the invention is carried into eiTect as illustrated in the accompanying drawingainwhich:

Fig; 1 is a perspective view of the building blockv as seen from the outer side thereof;

Another object is to provide a concretebuilding 4 block by means of 'which a hollow wallmay be' formed comprisingfinnerand outer `wall sections that are united atfrequent intervalsfby metallic ties so as to olwiatev the employment o'vfconcretej Awebs that are lobjecti enable becausev of-their tendency to conduct moisture from one -.wa1l section to the other.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the block as seen from the inner side thereof;

Fig. 3 ls-a plan view of the block; Fig.'4"isa view in elevation,'partly in section, of a fragmentary portion of a wall formed of the blocks shown'in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, depicting the Another object isto providea building block.Y

which embodies a pairiof spaced moldedv concrete panels connected'togetherand held in spacedrelation to each other-fbymetaiuc ties in which the ties are soformed asto-be-readily incorporated in the block .'and' securelyanchored therein.

Another object'is to provide a construction'n the block panels and themetallic ties whereby the latter will serve as ties'ffor vertical reinforc- 'ing rods applied to the blocks after or during erection of a wall of the blocks.

Another object is to provide a hollow block wall construction in which the blocks are so tied together and reinforced both vertically and horizontally as to enable the construction within limits cf an earthquake-proof building.

Another object is to provide -a hollow wall con-,- struction embodying superimposed rows of hollow blocks with spaced parallel reinforcingrods interposed between adjacent courses of the blocks and with pairs of parallel vertical reinforcing rods extended through openings in the blocks and arranged to overlie the outer sides of the horizontal rods in close relation thereto, and in which in a wall;

manner of applying reinforcing rods thereto;

Fig, 5 is a view in vertical section and elevation taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is -a view in horizontal section as seen onthe line 6-6 of Fig. 4, depicting the manner of imbedding the reinforcing rods in concrete after assembling the blocks in the Wall;

Fig. 7 is a view in vertical section taken on the line 'I-T of Fig. 6;

Fig. 81s aschematic view in perspective depicting the manner in which the reinforcing rods and. tie gussets are relatively arranged in the wall structure; l

Fig. 9 is a perspective view illustrating the manner of forming corner blocks and assembling them Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a l'block that is used at the juncture of an outside wall with a partition.

Rfeferring to the drawings more specically I5 1nd1cates generally the building block which comprises a. pair of spaced panels i6 and il of corllke,`having a cementitious binder incorporated therewith.

The .panels are arranged in parallel relation to eachother and are connected together -by a plurality of ties I8 which are preferably in the formof gussets and comprise sheet metal plates arranged'with their ends embedded in the panels IG-IL As here shown, a pair of the ties or gussets is provided for connecting the panels I6-I`I and arranged in spaced parallel Irelation with each other and with the ends of the panels, so asto extend vertically when the block is assembled in a wall.V The 'upper and lower edges of the ties or gussets I8 are spaced inwardly from the upper and lower edges of the panels so asy to afford clearance spaces I9 between the gussets of superimposed courses of the blocks as shown in Fig. 5, through which horizontal and inclined leads of service -pipes may be extended.A

In order to effect secure anchorage of the ties or gussets I8 in the panels IS-I'L the end portions of the plates forming ysame are bent at right angles to form flanges 20 which, when i vembedded in the panels will extend in the direction of the lengths of the panels contiguous the outer -faces thereof. Aperturas 2I may be formed in the end portions of the lgussets I8 through which the plastic material of the blocks pass t-o effect an increase bond between the panels and the ends of the ties.

Extending vertically through the panels I6-I1 Iare openings 22 which openings vare arranged close to the gus-sets I8; the openings being disposed mediate the inner and outer faces of thev register with openings 22 of the blocks therebeneath thus producing columns of the openings 22 at intervals throughout the length of a wall that are adapted to receive vertical reinforcing rods which are put in place after the blocks have been assembled in a wall of Apredetermined height.

A longitudinally extending V-groove 24 is formed along one margin of each panel I6-I1,

s Va V-groove 25 is formed along one vertical edge thereof, and extending along the other longitudinal edge and vertical edge of each panel are ribs 26 and 21 which are adapted Ytovseat in the grooves 24-25 of contiguous panels assembled in a wall; vthe'ribs 26--21 being abbreviated so as not to completely ll the grooves 24-25 and thus provide spaces 28 in the bottoms ofthe latter. 'Ifhe .horizontal spaces 28 in the bottoms between courses of the panels or blocks serve as channels in which horizontal reinforcing rods 28A may be disposed in the course of assembling the blocks in a wall, while the spaces 28' that occur at the ends of adjacent panels or blocks will serve in conjunction with the horizontal rodreceiving channels as mortar or grout receiving channels.

In erecting a wall of the blocks I5, a course of the blocks is assembled on a foundation 30, as shown in Fig. 4, which foundation is formed with ysockets 3I arranged to align with the openings 22 in the panels IS-.I'L The first course of uppermost and lare unrl-bbed on their lower edges so as to seat on the foundation 30.

Reinforcing rods 20 are then .arranged in the grooves 24 on the upper edges of the blocks, whereupon a. second course of the blocks is laid with the ribs on the lower edges thereof seated in the grooves 24 of the first course. The blocks may thus be assembled in place either with mortar or with dry joints. In this fashion a wall is erected of desired height, whereupon vertical rods 23 are put in place in the openings 22 by lowering the rods through the latter and seating their lower ends in the sockets 3|. A thin, fluid cement is then flowed into the openings 22 so as to flll the latter and embed the rods 23 in cement cores 32 as shown in Figs, 6 and 7. Where the blocks are dry set, the fluid cement thus poured into the openings 22 will constitute a route which will flow from the openings 22 into the spaces 28 around the horizontal rods 29 and may also flow into the vertical channels between the ends of contiguous blocks. However, on filling the openings 22 with cement, the crossed rods 23 and 29 will be imbedded at their juncture in the cement cores 32 as shown in Fig. 7.

On- -placing the horizontal rods '28 in the channels v28 they will be located mediate the edges of the panels I S-I'I so as to cross intersecting openings 22 diametrically thereof. On setting the vertical rods in place they are positioned to extend along the outer sides of the horizontal rods and will thusA extend along and in close i proximity to the inner faces of the end flanges 28 of the gussets I8. By this construction the finished wall will be provided with the arrangement of metalreinforcements depicted in Fig. 8, that is with pairs of vertical rods 23 extending over the outer faces of pairs of horizontal rods 28, and with ties or gussets I8 having end flanges 28 extending over the outer faces of the vertical rods 23, thus producing a fabrication of reinforcements in the spaced inner and outer wall sect'isonsf the finished wall afforded by the panels The wall formed by the blocks I5 is plastered over the outer lfaces of the panels IB--II whereby the Joints between contiguous blocks will be effectively sealed.

Corner blocks I5 are provided, as shown in l Fig. 9 where a wall is to be formed with a corner which corner 4bloclrs are formed as above described relative to the fblocks'IS except that the panels Ii--Il are formed with angularly extending end portions 33-38 adapted to afford a requisite bend or angle in a wall. T-blocks I5b are provided as shown in Fig. l0, for use in joining partitions in which one of the panels of the block is formed with lateral extensions 35-36 adapted to be engaged with end blocks of a wall erected to lead angularly away from a wall containing the l'blocl s I5".

Manfestly building blocks embodying the invention may be formed of various shapes according to particular requirements but essentially will embody the arrangement of parallel panels I6-I I and their connecting ties I8, together with the kopenings 22 and marginal channels 24-25 and the blocks disposed with theirchanneled edges .75K a rib along the-other longitudinal edge thereof,

:tantumI said grooves having a depth exceeding that of the ribs to provide a. spacebetwe'en the bottom of the grooves and the ribs of assembled blocks, each of said panels having openings leading therethrough from the groove to and through the rib at points between the vertical medial line and the ends of the panel through which openings mortar may be flowed into the space between the bottom of the grooves and the ribs of assembled blocks, and gussets connecting said panels and having terminals embedded therein at points adjacent and to one side of the openings.

IRA FOREMAN.

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