US2315017A - Separator for liquids having different specific gravities - Google Patents

Separator for liquids having different specific gravities Download PDF

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Publication number
US2315017A
US2315017A US234452A US23445238A US2315017A US 2315017 A US2315017 A US 2315017A US 234452 A US234452 A US 234452A US 23445238 A US23445238 A US 23445238A US 2315017 A US2315017 A US 2315017A
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United States
Prior art keywords
oil
float
liquid
liquids
separator
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Expired - Lifetime
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US234452A
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English (en)
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Thompson Herbert Alexander
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2931—Diverse fluid containing pressure systems
    • Y10T137/3003—Fluid separating traps or vents
    • Y10T137/3006—Liquids separated from liquid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7287—Liquid level responsive or maintaining systems
    • Y10T137/7313—Control of outflow from tank
    • Y10T137/7323—By float

Definitions

  • This invention relates tol float-actuated means for controlling the discharge of collected separated liquid from a separating device for separating liquids of diierent specio gravities from aV mixture of such liquids which does not tend to form aV true miscible solution.
  • the present invention is an improvement in the control device referred to in my abovementioned patent and one object of the present invention is to provide an improved arrangement in which the necessity for the shiitable balance Weight is avoided and a further object isv to provide a simple and satisfactory control device which is self-adjusting for variations in the specic gravities of the liquids passing through the separator and therefore does not require the attention of an attendant.
  • the discharge of the recovered liquid which collects, as it is separated from the'mixture, in a collecting dome or chamber is controlled by the movements of a lever actuated bya oat moving up and down with the level of the collected liquid (i. e. the line of separation between the collected liquid and the mixture).
  • a main float and a pilot oat are carried at opposite ends of the lever (or of a lever system) and are arranged so that the pilot float, Which'is always wholly immersed in the iiow' liquid passing through the apparatus, has normallyV a' greater effective action Vthan the main float.
  • the actionv of thepilot float overcomes that of the main float but' as the latter becomes immersed in the separatedliquid collected in the dome the change in Weight of the main oat (due to the different specific gravity of the liquid-in which it is now immersed) causes the action ofthe main float to overcome thatY of the pilot Yfloat with the resultth'at the lever on' which' the floats are carried uis ultimately tilted on its fulcrum to cause the opening of a dischargev valve for theJ collected liquid.
  • Both the main floatjand the pilot floats as described hereiny are madel ofthe same size and weight so that they normally have ⁇ the same displacement but when the recovered liquid is lighter than the iiow liquid of the'mixture fromrwhich it isjseparated the pilotV oat isl additionally weightedr so that when both floats are immersed in a common liquid (as is the case when no separated liquid has yetv startedv to colf lect) the pilot float acts to raise themainfloat to' the top of the collecting dome but as the lighter liquidV (e. g.
  • the apparatus is used in an inverted-'position andthe mainy oat is made heavier than the vpilot'iioat' and the main float decreasesvv in weight as, it becomes immersed in the recoveredv heavier liquid and is able to follow ⁇ upA the risingv levell of recovered liquid untildischarge of the collected liquid occurs from the inverted dome or sump,
  • tliepilot lo'atcanpbe made smaller than the main' float providing, that the leverage' distance from the fulcrum to the pilotiioat iscorresponding'ly increased' toy give an equivalent power factor equal to a float of the same sizejas the main float when equal leverages a-jre used.
  • a pilot floatjsmaller than the mainoa't'can be employed'with either equal or unequal leverages" forthe two' iloats' if the sZe t0 WeightY rtioof thepilt Hat iS ⁇ Suitably ener-.ed in eompa'risenwitn that of" the'main iloat.
  • Fig. 1 isa diagrammatic representation of a separa-torV with the collecting'doineisl'iow'i Sec'- tion, and showing the positions of the floats before any lighter separated liquid has collected within the collecting dome.
  • Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view of the top portion of Fig. 1 but showing the positions of the floats just before the collected liquid in the dome commences to discharge.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are views corresponding to Figs. 1 and 2 but showing the floats on a lever system instead of on a single lever.
  • Fig. 5 is a part sectional view of a modified form of separator and,
  • Figs. 6 and 7 are sectional elevations showing other modications.
  • the separator is shown as suitable for cases in which the recovered liquid (assumed to be a light oil) is of lighter specific gravity than the flowliquid from which it separates.
  • Figs. 1 to 5 the body of the separator is indicated at I and has a collecting dome 2 in which the lighter separated liquid (i. e. the oil) collects andto which the separated oil is led by upcast pipes 3.
  • the separator has inlet and outlet pipes 4 and 5 and the oil dome 2 has'a water-exchange pipe 6 through which the liquid displaced from the oil dome 2 as the oil collects therein passes back into the body of the separator.
  • These parts I toB correspond with the parts, l, 8, I9 and 26, 9. I0 and 36 respectively of the construction'described in U. S. Specification No. 2,036,730.
  • a single lever I0 is shown which is fulcrumed on a shaft I I suitably supported in shaft bearings to reduce friction to the lowest possible degree.
  • a main iloat'I2 (corresponding to float 42 in the prior patent) and a pilot float I3.
  • the amount of oil which is allowed to collect before discharge occurs is indicated by the distance A and the f lever I0 is pivoted just below the level B (Fig. 2)
  • pilot iloat I3 is then loaded by weights such as lead shot, iron borings, cement, sand or other suitable loading material, in order to give it a bias over the main float I2 whereby the latter is partially counterpoised so that it tends to rise in the heavier of two liquids of slightly diiferent specific gravities but tends to sink in the lighter of the two liquids, which may be, for instance, fresh water of specic gravity l and oil of .99 specic gravity.
  • weights such as lead shot, iron borings, cement, sand or other suitable loading material
  • each oat was to be made heavier than the same volume of the heaviest flow-Water it will be evident that on immersion only this excess weight would remain on each as eifective sinking effort and that being so their excess weights would be the same on each side of the fulcrum Il and they would be merely in a state of equipoise.
  • pilot float I3 has been given in addition a bias loading over the main float I2, it will be evident under such loading that immersion in say fresh water will result in the main oat I2y becoming buoyant, whilst the pilot float I3 will sink on account of its bias weight, thus overcoming the position of equipoise which would otherwise occur if the oats were of similar weight, as well as equal volumes.
  • the main float I2 Vand the pilot oat I3 are first constructed to exactly the same volumes and weights so that thus far they are the equivalent of each other, and both heavier than the heaviest flow liquid that they may be immersed in.-
  • the floats I2 and I3 and lever I0 thenwhave the position shown in Fig. 1.
  • the pilot oat does not prevent this because asthe oil is lighter than the fresh water it cannot support the same amount of the constructed weight of the float as the fresh water did, and the main float therefore appears to gain in weight relative to the pilot float, whereas the pilot float still remains immersed in fresh water and its apparent loss in weight due to immersion is unchanged.
  • the arrangement results in the bias being changed over to the main float without any shiftof balance weights, as due to oil immersion its excess weight is now heavier than that exerted by the pilot float which is still in the fresh water.
  • the main float When the oil separated from the salt water accumulates in the oil dome 2 the main float gains an increase in weight as before and thereby increases its excess weight. As the pilot oat still remains in the salt water its excess weight cannot increase and therefore (as in the case of the fresh water flow), the bias is transferred to the main oat without any shift of balance weight and the main float will be heavier than the pilot oat and so sink with the oil-water level and ultimately cause the oil discharge valve S to be opened to discharge the oil.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 there is shown an arrangement similar to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 except that the lever carrying the floats I2 and I3 is in two parts Iii and i fulcrumed at II and II and connected by a link III.
  • This arrangement operates in the same way as that described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 and enables longer leverages to be obtained without the necessity of having the oil dome 2 made larger.
  • Fig. 3 the parts are shown in the positions taken up prior to the accumulation of oil in the dome 2 while Fig. 4 shows their positions just prior to discharge of the collected oil. It is obvious that other forms of multiple levers can be employed.
  • Y Fig. 5 shows an arrangement similar to the construction shown in Figs.
  • Fig. 6 shows a construction in which a single lever it is used to carry the floats I2 and I3 as in Figs. 1 and 2 but in this case the oil dome 2 and the oil upcast channel 3 are incorporated in the body of the separator.
  • Thelever Ill', pivoted at II, is housed partly in the oil dome 2' and partly in the rest of the separator to give increased leverage while economising in the size and construction of the complete apparatus.
  • This figure also shows the shuttle valve I5 which is actuated by the lever IIJ and controls the supply and discharge of pressure fluid to and from the cylinder 9 through pipes indicated at I6.
  • Fig. 'I shows a similar arrangement to Fig.v 6.
  • the oil collecting chamber 2 occupies the whole top part of the separator and the pilot float I3 also carries an extension II forming a valve controlling the outlet of flow water from the separator.
  • the floats are carried on extensions I8 and I9 pivoted to the ends of the lever so that the floats can travel in vertical instead of radial paths.
  • Reference 20 indicates an air or gas vent pipe leading to the atmosphere.
  • the above described self-balancing automatic gear enables all forms of hand control or setting of the specific gravity gear to be dispensed with in the employment of the apparatus, as the twin floats enable the plant to deal with fresh or salt water at any temperature as main flow through the separator, and at the same time discharge oil of any kind that has a lighter specific gravity than the ow-water.
  • the plant is especially suitable for dealing with oily-condensate water from steam-engines or heating coils, as the apparatus is self-correcting for specific gravity changes occurring in the condensate either from cold to hot or vice-versa.
  • the apparatus may be however employed for any purpose wherever two or more non-mixable liquids have to be separated and discharged, particularly where the flow-liquid is liable to change in specific-gravity or have its specific gravity altered due to heating or cooling, as it is selfcorrecting where changes occur in the specific gravities of the liquids.
  • Apparatus for the separation of liquids of different specific gravities from a mixture of such liquids comprising a closed receptacle, in which the mixture separates into a lighter upper liquid and a lower heavier liquid, said receptacle having an inlet for the mixture of liquids, a lower outlet for the heavier liquid, an upper outlet for the lighter liquid, means including a valve controlling the flow of the lighter liquid through said upper outlet, power means operated by fluid under pressure for actuating said valve, means to supply a fluid under pressure to said power means, a
  • a chamber in open communication with said receptacle in which the lighter liquid collects and in which said floats and connected lever are located, said chamber having therein a predetermined plane of maximum separation between the lighter and heavier liquids, said fulcrum of said lever being located below said plane of maximum separation.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
US234452A 1938-02-24 1938-10-11 Separator for liquids having different specific gravities Expired - Lifetime US2315017A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5888/38A GB511856A (en) 1938-02-24 1938-02-24 Improvements in or relating to separators for liquids having different specific gravities

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2315017A true US2315017A (en) 1943-03-30

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US234452A Expired - Lifetime US2315017A (en) 1938-02-24 1938-10-11 Separator for liquids having different specific gravities

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US (1) US2315017A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR50195E (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB511856A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL61919C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2600366A (en) * 1947-03-12 1952-06-10 Bendix Aviat Corp Liquid level control mechanism
US2942733A (en) * 1955-10-11 1960-06-28 Coastguard Separators Ltd Separators for liquids having different specific gravities
US4436630A (en) 1982-05-03 1984-03-13 Anderson Edward M Apparatus and method for separating a mixture of two liquids
EP0119014A3 (en) * 1983-02-14 1987-04-15 Edward Marshall Anderson Apparatus and method for physically separating a mixture of two or more liquids
BE1012017A3 (nl) * 1998-06-02 2000-04-04 Atlas Copco Airpower Nv Compressorinstallatie met minstens een roterend, met oliegesmeerd compressorelement en een daarop aangesloten drukvat, en daarbij gebruikt drukvat.

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2600366A (en) * 1947-03-12 1952-06-10 Bendix Aviat Corp Liquid level control mechanism
US2942733A (en) * 1955-10-11 1960-06-28 Coastguard Separators Ltd Separators for liquids having different specific gravities
US4436630A (en) 1982-05-03 1984-03-13 Anderson Edward M Apparatus and method for separating a mixture of two liquids
EP0119014A3 (en) * 1983-02-14 1987-04-15 Edward Marshall Anderson Apparatus and method for physically separating a mixture of two or more liquids
BE1012017A3 (nl) * 1998-06-02 2000-04-04 Atlas Copco Airpower Nv Compressorinstallatie met minstens een roterend, met oliegesmeerd compressorelement en een daarop aangesloten drukvat, en daarbij gebruikt drukvat.

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Publication number Publication date
GB511856A (en) 1939-08-25
NL61919C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1948-11-15
FR50195E (fr) 1939-01-17

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