US2313683A - Gaseous discharge lamp - Google Patents
Gaseous discharge lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2313683A US2313683A US385661A US38566141A US2313683A US 2313683 A US2313683 A US 2313683A US 385661 A US385661 A US 385661A US 38566141 A US38566141 A US 38566141A US 2313683 A US2313683 A US 2313683A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- contact
- bimetallic
- electrode
- discharge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/54—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting
- H01J61/541—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting using a bimetal switch
- H01J61/542—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting using a bimetal switch and an auxiliary electrode inside the vessel
Definitions
- My invention relates to gaseous discharge lamps having preheated thermionic cathodes, for example, those lamps of the fluorescent type shown and described in the U. 8. Patent No.
- Fig. 1 shows a lamp constructed in accordance with the invention along with a circuit for operating the same.
- Fig. 2 shows in perspective and in greater detail the improved starting and cathode unit.
- the Fig. 3 shows schematically the geometrical configuration oi the bimetallic switching unit, while the Fig- 4 shows an atlernatlve modifica- I tion of the lamp shown in Fig. 1.
- Corresponding mounted therein a pair of thermionic cathodes
- the objects of the inven- 7 tion are accomplished by providing a bimetallic member adjacent to the cathode and arranged to operate a pair of contacts which controlthe series preheating circuit.
- the cathode i2 is also provided with a pair of auxiliary electrodes it one of which is attached to each end thereof. These serve as the anodes of the lamp dllring'that portion of the cycle in which the cathode i2 is at higher potential than cathode Ii.
- the cathode Ii is provided with but one auxiliary anode ll, while in place. of the other is substituted the coiled bimetallic strip ll mounted on an exten-. sion ll of the cathode lead wire.
- the bimetallic strip ii is in close proximity to the cathode Ii and is attached at its free end to a )1 sliding plunger or contact 18.
- the plunger i6 is arranged to slide in the open end of capillary tube II, which biased to the stem press It of e lamp and mounted co-axially with the lamp.
- a second and preferably xed contact I curvature At the lower or closed end of the capillary i1 is positioned a second and preferably xed contact I curvature.
- the lamp is shown as a single ended lamp having the cathodes ii and II as in Fig. l, the cathode l2 being supported by the members 33 which may be ceramic or glass tubes enclosing the leads-thereto.
- the lead 34 enclosed in left hand tube 33 and corresponding to the lead 30 .01 Fig. 1 will interconnect the cathodes II and heating the cathode ll during the process of- 3 for the reason that, for a given length of 111- metal, this form permits the closest spacing oi the strip to the cathode.
- the bimetallic strip l5 should be oriented so that'it draws contact it from the capillary tube without binding. I have found that this can be accomplished by so positioning the strip that the chord or diameter subpanys No. 2400 bimetal having the dimensions .20 mm. by 2 mm. and being 6 mils thick. It was bent into the form of a semicircle of 12.5 mm.
- the capillary. Ilv was formed. of a glass tube having an internal diameter from 40 I! in a manner similar to that of Fig. l.
- the insulating members 33 maybe fused or cemented to the stem press, as shown at 35.
- the base 36 which maybe of the conventional type is provided for the termination of the various leads. It will also be understood that the lead 30 of'Fig. 1 may also be placed within the lamp shown in that figure. If that is done, only a single contact on the bases 32 and 31 will be necessary.
- the bimetallic strip IS the contacts Mend it, lead 30, the cathode i2, and the lower lead 25.
- the bimetallic strip it to start the discharge between the cathodes H and I! will be developed by the inductance of the circuit. Thereafter, the bimetallic strip will bermaintained in the open position by the heat from the-cathode, as well as by the heating effect of the are for which it serves as an anode during the hall cycle in which it is positive with respect to cathode I2.
- any suitable source of electrical energy may be provided, such as the alternating current source'il to l8 and IS in a vacuum chamber within the main discharge chamber.
- This expedient is not only costly but it also slows up the operation of the device because of the poor heat exchange between the bimetallic strip and the surrounding discharge members through the vacuum.
- the arc is prevented from centering on the contact I! by the capillarytube l1 and also by the fact that the plunger l6 partially closes the opening of the mechanism could withstand well over 15.000 in-' dividual starts.
- the overall starting time of the lamp from the cold condition could be made less than 2 seconds.
- said switch comprising a chamber. of insulating material open to said space, a contact in said chamber and insulated from said discharge space by the walls thereof, a second contact partially closing the opening .of said chamber, a bimetallic member exposed directly to heat from said electrode and fixed at one of its ends and connected to from said discharge space by the walls thereof,
- a second contact partially closing the opening or said chamber a bimetallicmember exposed di- 'rectly to heat from said electrode and fixed at one of its ends and connected to one of said contacts at the other, whereby said ontacts are separated by expansion of said bimetallic member;
- a gaseous discharge device comprising a sealed envelope having a discharge space, a gaseous atmosphere therein, at least one therm-,
- ionic electrode adapted to be heated to emission temperature therein, a bimetallic switch mounted within said envelope and in heat receiving relation to said electrode, said switch comprising a chamber of insulating material open to said space, a fixed contact in said chamber and in.-
- a movable contact partially closing the opening oi said chamber, a bimetallic member exposed directly to heat from said electrode and connected'at one of its ends to said electrode and' heated to emission temperature, a bimetallic switch mounted within said envelope and in heat receiving relation to said electrode, said switch comprising a tubular member of insulating material afiixed.at one end to said stem press and open to said space at the other end, a stationary contact in said tubular member and insulated from said discharge space by the walls thereof, a movable contact partially closing the opening of said tubular member and slidable therein, a bione'of said contacts at the other, whereby said contacts may be separated by expansion of. said bimetallic member, said bimetallic member being adapted to be heated by an arc discharge between said electrodes and said contacts and thereby held in open position; and means for forming a preheating circuit through said electrodes and said contacts in series.
- a gaseous discharge lamp comprising a sealed envelope having a discharge space and a gaseous atmosphere therein, a pair of thermionic electrodes adapted tobe heated to emission temperature therein, a bimetallic switch mounted within said envelope and in heat receiving relation to one of said electrodes, said switch comprising a chamber of insulating material open to said space, a contact in said chamber and insulated from said discharge space by the walls thereof, a second contact partially closing the opening of said chamber, a bimetallic member exposed directly to heat from said electrode and fixed at one of its ends and'connecte'd to one of said contacts at the other, whereby said contacts may be separated by expansion of said himetallic member, said bimetallic member being adapted to be heated by an arc discharge between said electrode and said contacts and thereby held in open position; and means wholly within said envelope for forming a preheating circuit through said electrodes and said contacts in series.
- a gaseous discharge lamp comprising a sealed envelope having a discharge space and a gaseous atmosphere therein, a pair 01 thermionic electrodes each mounted in a stem press and adapted to be heated to emission temperature therein, a bimetallic switch mounted within said envelope and in heat receiving relation to one of said electrodes, said switch comprising a tubular member of insulating material amxed at one end to said stem press and open to said discharge space at the other, a fixed contact member surrounding said one of said electrodes in direct heat receiving relation thereto and electrlcally connected at one of its ends to said one metallic member surrounding said electrode in direct heat receiving relation thereto and conof said electrodes and to said movable contact at the other, whereby said contacts may be separated by expansion ofsaid bimetallic member, said bimetallic member being adapted to be heated by an arc discharge between the said electrodes and said contacts thereby held in open position; and means for forming a preheating cirnected at one of its ends to said electrode and to said'
- said switch comprising a member having a comparatively small bore therein communicating with the interior of said envelope through one end and closed at its other end, a fixed contact projecting into said bore through its closed end and terminating therewithin, a cooperating movable contact fitting comparatively 1 snugly in said bore and arranged to slide longitudinally therein, and a thermally responsive ele-- ment located adjacent to said electrode and responsive to heat emitted therefrom, said thermala,sis,oss
- an electric discharge device comprising a sealed envelope, an electrode and switch assembly within said envelope comprising a thermionic cathode, a bimetallic switch element located adjacent to said cathode, a stationary switch conhr responsive element being connected to said movable contact to move it into and out of engagement with said fixed contact.
- an electrode and switch assembly comprising a stem of vitreous material having an integral tubular projection thereon with a comparatively small bore closed at the end adjacent said stem but open to the interior or said envelope at its opposite end, a conductor sealed through said stem and projecting into the bore of said projection through its closed end and terminating therewithin to form a fixed contact, a co-v operating movable contact fitting comparatively snugly in said bore and arranged to slide longitudlnally therein, a thermionic electrode carried I by said stem, and a. thermally responsive element carried by said stem adjacent to said electrode and responsive to heat emitted therefrom, said thermally responsive element being connected to said movable contact to move it into and out of engagement with said fixed contact.
- an electrode and switch assembly comprising a stem oi-vitreous material having an integral tubular projection thereon with a comparatively small bore closed at the end adjacent said stem but open to the interior of said envelope at its opposite end, a current lead-in conductor sealed through said stem and projecting into the bore of said projection through its closed end and terminating therewithin to form a fixed contact, a co-operating movable contact fit-' ting comparatively snugly in said bore and arranged to slide longitudinally therein, a second tact, a cooperating movable switch contact secured to the movable end of said bimetallic element and normally engaging said stationary contact but separable therefrom upon heating of the bimetallic element by said cathode, a support wire carrying and electrically connected to one end of said cathode and to the fixed end 0!
- bimetallic element a current lead-in conductor connected to the other end of said cathode, a second current lead-in conductor electrically connected to said stationary contact, and an auxiliary anode electrically connected to said firstmentioned lead-in conductor.
- an electric discharge device comprising a sealed envelope, a pair of c'o-operating electrodes in said envelope at least one of which is a thermionic electrode, apreheating circuit-for said thermionic electrode including a thermal switch comprising-a bimetallic element and normally closed fixed and movablecontacts, said bimetallic element being exposed to the atmosphere in said envelope in direct heat receiving relation to said thermionic electrode and being electrically connected at its fixed end to one end of said thermionic electrode, saidmovable contact being carried by the movable end 0!
- said bimetallic element means for connecting said fixed contact to the co-operating electrode to shunt the dissaid movable contact fitting comparatively snuglv insaid bore to prevent striking 01' a discharge from said thermionic electrode to said fixed con- 1 tact when said contacts are in open position.
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL58257D NL58257C (de) | 1941-03-28 | ||
US385661A US2313683A (en) | 1941-03-28 | 1941-03-28 | Gaseous discharge lamp |
GB4004/42A GB552657A (en) | 1941-03-28 | 1942-03-26 | Improvements in and relating to gaseous electric discharge lamps |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US385661A US2313683A (en) | 1941-03-28 | 1941-03-28 | Gaseous discharge lamp |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2313683A true US2313683A (en) | 1943-03-09 |
Family
ID=23522346
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US385661A Expired - Lifetime US2313683A (en) | 1941-03-28 | 1941-03-28 | Gaseous discharge lamp |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2313683A (de) |
GB (1) | GB552657A (de) |
NL (1) | NL58257C (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2438579A (en) * | 1942-06-16 | 1948-03-30 | Gen Electric | Electric gas discharge tube |
US3858086A (en) * | 1973-10-29 | 1974-12-31 | Gte Sylvania Inc | Extended life, double coil incandescent lamp |
-
0
- NL NL58257D patent/NL58257C/xx active
-
1941
- 1941-03-28 US US385661A patent/US2313683A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1942
- 1942-03-26 GB GB4004/42A patent/GB552657A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2438579A (en) * | 1942-06-16 | 1948-03-30 | Gen Electric | Electric gas discharge tube |
US3858086A (en) * | 1973-10-29 | 1974-12-31 | Gte Sylvania Inc | Extended life, double coil incandescent lamp |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB552657A (en) | 1943-04-19 |
NL58257C (de) |
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