US23111A - Churn - Google Patents

Description

A. PATTERSON.

Churn.

Patented March I, 1859.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDRE\V PATTERSON, OFBIRMINGHAM, PENNSYLVANIA.

CHURN.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 23,111, dated March 1, 1859.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ANDREW PATTERSON, of the borough of Birmingham, county of Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Churns; and I hereby declare the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked 011 the said drawings.

The nature of my invention consists in so arranging the fan or dash wheel relative to the cream chamber that the wheel in its revolutions shall strike on the surface only of the cream and in so arranging the frame which carries the dash wheel that it may be adjusted to the surface of the cream when different quantities are to be operated on and in the use of an adjustable partition or division in the cream chamber which shall separate the cream into two parts having communication at or near the bottom of said partition and in the combination of the said adjustable dash wheel and adjustable partition in such manner that the wheel when it strikes the cream shall impel or throw a portion of it over the said partition when it shall be at rest until displaced by successive portions so that it shall sink down and pass through or under the bottom of said partition to be again in its turn operated on by the wheel.

To enable others skilled to make and use my invention I will more fully describe its various parts and their relation to each other in View of the drawings of which- Figure 1 is the perspective of a churn involving my improvements and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal perspective section exhibiting the interior parts. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section. Fig. i is a plan or top view. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section, exhibiting the dash wheel and division board or partition in two several positions. Fig. (3 is a perspective of the arrangement for raising and lowering the dash wheel and partition to suit different quantities of cream.

The same letters refer to the same parts i1]. all the drawings.

a is the body of the churn or cream chamber. It is conveniei'itly made in the shape of an oblong box open at top to receive the upper or wheel chamber Z) which answers also for the lid or covering of a as well as for theframe inwhich the fan is arranged.

It is of such size that it will fit neatly inside of a and has an offset .9 at its mouth or bot tom to permit the wheels f &c. to pass into a when l) is brought to a lower position in a.

The crank shaft z, extends from near the center of 7 the larger wheel or pulley out over the side of a so that the crank will turn freely when the wheel is partly inside of (4-4) and all its attachments.

The fan or dash wheel a: y g :z y and the two pulley wheels which drive itare supported on the jointed parallel rest 41 o 0 0 and to. Y V are horizontal bars running lengthwise of the churn--they are attached only to the upright bars 0 0 and the division board to which are attached to the sides of the chamber a near its bottom. All these attachments are by pivots or hinges and the entire frame 4; o 0 0 and to operate in the manner of a jointed parallel rule as is iahown by the perfect and dotted lines in h z is a handle for raising and lowering the rest o o 0 0 and w. e is metallic frame which fits the handle 72, i and also the edge of a and will hold the handle and rest in whatever position they are placed.

9 g g g are pivots by which the uprights 0 0 and w are attached to a.

9* 9" 9 are pivots by which '0 o are attached to 0 0 and w.

s s is a slot in the oflset s to permit the movement of it m Fig. 5 indicates the surface of the cream when the churn is full and the other parts in their proper position as indicated by the perfect lines.

m indicates a lower surface line for the cream and the other dotted lines the position of the fan and division as adapted or adjusted to m.

The arrow indicates the direction of the milk or cream in its passage over the division w when struck by the fan and the arrow indicates the return current under the partition.

lNhen constructed as above described my improved churn is used as follows: Any quantity of cream which a will hold is put into it and the rest 0, 0, w, o, o, is raised or lowered until when Z) is placed on it the buckets or fans will dip about one-eighth of an inch into the cream and the crank is turned rapidly in such manner that the wheel shall impel the milk or cream which it strikes in the direction of w-and if the dash wheel is geared with a multiplying cog or pulley wheel which will ive it as great a velocity as can conveniently be had by a hand crank or steam or any other power its efficacy will be proportioned to its velocity and will much exceed any churn with a submerged wheel which has not only to churn but to continually lift and agitate a large volume of cream which it does not churn or break so as to liberate the atoms of butter. My improved arrangement also gathers the butter while it is churning by throwing it over to the opposite side of w from the wheel where it gradually collects and when the churning is done the butter is already gathered.

The conditions 01": my improvement may be answered without the precise mechanical arrangement of parts herein described as A. PATTERSON.

lVitnesses CHAS. B. BARR, i J. H. J ONES.

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