US2310116A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

I Feb. 2, 1943..

l P. F. RATcLlFF GAS. BURNER Filed June 16, 1938 Patented Feb. 2, 1943 mais UNITED STATES PATENT .o,-rrfics l 'Y v,1310,116V 'Y GAS BURNER` Peary F. Ratcliff, Shreveport; La.

Application June 16, 1938, Serial. No. 214,015 s claims'. (Crim-113i My invention relates to gas burners and' more particularly to the type of' gas burner'used' in cooking equipment.

i An object of my invention is to provide a gas burner with a combustion chamber typename deflector to insure complete combustion.

Another object of my invention is tolprovide a burner tip that will automaticallyinduce the correct oW of air for combustion for varying gaspressures.

Another object of my invention is to provi-de an adjustable deflector in a gas burner adapted to focus and deflect a fiame coming from the burner tip.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this application and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same:

Figure 1 is a broken vertical View of an assembly of my burner mounted under a conventional cooking receptacle;

Figure 2 is a vertical View in part cross section showing the construction of the tip part of my burner; V

Figure 3 is a vertical front view of the chambered flame deector construction of my burner and, Figure 4 is a vertical side View of the chambered name deflector of my burner.

In the drawing wherein for the purposes of illustration is shown a preferred form of my invention, numeral l designates the tip of my burner as shown mounted in a gas pipe connection P. The exposed portion of the tip l terminates in a dished shaped perforated plate 2.

The feature of my tip which makes it different from the tips of the prior art is the dished shaped plate 2 with the gas orifice in its center. After experimenting with many constructions of tips, I discovered that the use of a dished shaped closing plate in my tip made the gas burn better than when the best tips on the market were used. I discovered also that the tip induces sufficient air for the combustion of the gas whether the gas pressure was high or low.

With the gas pressures in standard practice, 4 oz. to 8 oz., I found that a dip of 1% of an inch at; the center of a 1/2 inch plate gave me best results. I found also that it was better to have the dished surface curved than inverted cone shaped. However, the inverted cone shaped saucer surface gave much better results than the prior art flat surface closing plate structure or the outwardly rounded surface.

My above described tip performed nicely over the entire range of gas-pressureencountered in the retail consumption of gas. i Y Y y L ll; do not know' the exact theory on which to base this phenomenalperformance but Iam inclined to the belief-that the gas emitted through the orifice inthe saucer plate 2 createsl a partial vacuumY over its center portion surrounding! the The partial vacuum thus caused increasesthe flow f--air 'tdthegas stream.' vThe increasev of air atthispoint "accounts forgthimprovement in the Yl'nirn-in'g. -Asthe'gas pressure in the line is increased the rate of iiow of gas through the oriice of the saucer plate 2 is necessarily increased with the result that the pressure around the orifice is further lowered, resulting in an increase iiow of air t0 the increased gas stream. The increased air ow is available for the combustion of the additional gas emitted through the orifice.. The reverse of the above statement is also true.

It must be borne in mind, of course, that the gas emitted through the orice picks up additional air in its further travel, in the well observed manner of performance of prior art tip type burners.

Having described the tip l and its operation, I will now proceed to the description of the chambered ame deflector structure. Numeral 3 designates the chambered name detector, which functions not only as a mixing chamber but also as a deector for the products of combustion.

The chambered iiame deflector 3 is dened by a curved back wall 4 and two parallel side walls 5, each of which terminate in an inwardly directed deecting ange 6.

The chambered flame deector 3 is mounted on the tip l by means of an L shaped bracket l threaded onto the tip l. The upper end of the bracket 'i is provided with a slot 8. The chambered flame deector 3 is fastened to the bracket 1 by means of a screw 9 which extends through the slot 8 and by clamping nut I0.

By means of the slotl 8, the slot El and nut l5! the height of the chambered flame deflector 3 above the burner tip i may be adjusted to suit conditions. The chambered flame deflector 3 is lined with asbestos, cr the like heat resisting material.

As explained earlier, the gas G escaping through the orifice of the tip l entrains air A at the orifice and carries it up with it to the chambered flame deflector 3 along with additional air A the gas picks up on its way to the chambered flame deflector 3.

In practice, the chambered flame deiector 3 should be so adjusted with respect to the tip i that the gas G burns within the chambered ame defiector 3.

When the chambered ame deector 3 is correctly adjusted, its lining Will stay at a white heat as long as the gas burns. Due to the white heat conditions of the lining X the incoming gas G with entrained air A ignites so rapidly that it may be said to explode inside the chambered flame deiiector 3. The purpose of the anges 6 is to confine the products of the explosion (ame) to the proportions of a stream. The general shape and position of the chambered ame deector 3 together with its iianges 6 is relied upon to deiiect the name in the correctV direction.

In the chambered flame deflector 3 the incom'- ing gas G and air A in the turbulence created in the chambered flame deflector 3 become thoroughly mixed insuring complete combustion.

I contemplate using the burner tip and chambered ame deector 3 combination for use in cooking stoves wherein only single units are employed for each eye of the st ove. In this case, the gas from the tip I will emit from the same in a horizontal direction and the combustion chamber will deect the flame upwardly. I also contemplate using my tip and chambered ame deector 3 units grouped opposing one another, see Figure 1, wherein several deflected flames are shown focused on one surface to be heated.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as only a preferred embodiment of the same and that various changes in shape, size and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

1. A gas burner comprising a tip in combination with a chambered name defiector so aligned with the said tip as to deiiect a flame coming from the tip, said chambered ame deflector being provided with a pair of outwardly extending, inwardly directed wall extensions adapted to deect' products of combustion and light and heat rays.

2. The burner as claimed in claim 1 wherein means is provided for adjusting the said chambered flame detector both longitudinally and rotatably with respect to the said tip.

3. In a burner of the class described, a name deflecting means comprising a back wall member adapted to deiiect a flame and a pair of side walls extended out from the said back wall member, said side walls being inwardly directed and being extended parallel one to the other said side Walls being adapted to confine the iiame deflected bythe said back wall member.

PEARY F. RATCLIFF.

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