US2309101A - Copper base alloy - Google Patents
Copper base alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2309101A US2309101A US407217A US40721741A US2309101A US 2309101 A US2309101 A US 2309101A US 407217 A US407217 A US 407217A US 40721741 A US40721741 A US 40721741A US 2309101 A US2309101 A US 2309101A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- nickel
- alloy
- zinc
- phosphorus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 23
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 23
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 18
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFCIMSXHQSIHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[P] Chemical compound [O].[P] AFCIMSXHQSIHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in copper-base alloys.
- One object of this invention is toprovide improved copper-base alloys having high yieldstrength and tensile strength, good ductility and good corrosion-resistance.
- nickel and copper being at least 97%.
- a more preferred range is to have the zinc from 4% to 22%, the nickel from 8% to 22%, the phosphorus from 0.05% to 0.3%, and the balance substantially of copper, the copper being from 72% to 88%, and the total of the zinc, nickel and copper being at least 97%.
- One preferred alloy contains zinc about 5%, nickel about 20%, phosphorus about 0.2%, and the remainder substantially of copper.
- Another preferred alloy contains zinc about 20%, nickel about 10%, phosphorus about 0.15%, and the remainder substantially of copper; 7
- Phosphorus in the range given is an absolutely essential component of our improved alloys in conjunction with the zinc and nickel, not only to accomplish age-hardening. but also to form sound cast billets or ingots free from metallic oxides,vsince the phosphorus ensures that any not exceed 1% as it causes manganese oxide inclusions which result in elongated surface defects as a result of metal drawing operations. If any tin is to be present, it should not exceed /2% as it causes diificulty in hot working. If any aluminum or silicon or chromium is to be present in the alloy, the amount of the aluminum or silicon or chromium should not exceed 0.1% as these elements result in refractory and abrasiv oxides which cause rapid wear on tools and dies.
- alloys are age-hardenable' and possess desirable high yield-strength with good ductility and tensile strength in their age-hardened condition. They also have good corrosion-resistance to saline solutions, and a pleasing white color.
- the alloys of the invention can be rendered soft and ductile by annealing or heating at temperature in the range from about 1200 F. to about 1650" F. to constitute a solution treatment for the age-hardening nickel and phosphorus oxygen present would be in combination with the metalloid phosphorus to thus form an innocuous oxide, rather than combining with the metals zinc or nickel to form refractory and abrasive oxides which would cause rapid wear on fabricating tools and dies.
- the phosphorus also appears to perform the function of so altering the relative solubility of gases in the liquid and solid states as to prevent any substantial liberation of such gases in the form of bubbles which if trapped in the alloy would cause serious discontinuities which would persist through the final form of an article or shape wrought from the alloy.
- any lead is to be present in the alloy, it should not exceed 1.5% as it embrittles the alloy so as to interfere with metal working operations used in producing wrought articles and shapes from the alloy.
- any iron is to be present in the alloy, it should not exceed 1% as it causes annealing difliculties and renders the control of grain structure more diiilcult. 11' any manmaterial, and quenching, or cooling sufilciently rapidly, from such temperature to hold agehardening material in solution, and can be subsequently. age-hardened by re-heating or aging at temperature in the range from about 600 F. to about 1050" F. for from one-half to six hours or longer, depending on the temperature, to precip tate age-hardening material out of solution.
- a copper-base alloy consisting substantially of: zinc from 4% to 30%: nickel from 5% to 30%; phosphorus from 0.03% to 0.4%: and-the balance substantially of copper; the amount of the copper being at least 65%, and the total of the zinc, nickel and copper being at least 97%.
- a copper-base alloy consisting substantially of: zinc from 4% to 22%; nickel from 8% to 22%; phosphorus from 0.05% to 0.3%; and the balance substantially of copper; the amount of the copper being at least 72%, and the total of the zinc, nickel and'copper being at l ast 97%.
- a copper-base alloy consisting substantially of: zinc about 20%; nickel about 10%; Phosganese is to be present in the alloy, it should phorus about 0.15%; and the balance substanthe copper being at least 65%, and the total of the zinc, nickel and copper being at least 97%, said alloy having been given a solution treatment by having been suitably cooled from tempera- -ture in the range from about 1200 F. to about 1650 F. and having been hardened by having been given a precipitation treatment at tem-- perature in the range from about 600 F. to about 1050 F.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
Description
Patented Jan. 26, 1943 COPPER BASE ALLOY Donald I K. Crampton, Marion,
and Henry L.
, Burghofl, Waterbury, Oonn., asslgnors to Chase Brass & Copper Co. Incorporated, Waterbury,
Own, a corporation No Drawing. Application August 16, 1941,
'Serial No. 407,217 7 Claims.
This invention relates to improvements in copper-base alloys.
One object of this invention is toprovide improved copper-base alloys having high yieldstrength and tensile strength, good ductility and good corrosion-resistance.
Other objects of this invention will appear from the present disclosure.
We have invented improved copper-base alloys having zinc from 4% to 30%, nickel from 5% to 30%, phosphorus from 0.03% to 0.4% and the remainder substantially of copper, the copper being from 65% to 90%, and the total of the zinc,
nickel and copper being at least 97%. A more preferred range is to have the zinc from 4% to 22%, the nickel from 8% to 22%, the phosphorus from 0.05% to 0.3%, and the balance substantially of copper, the copper being from 72% to 88%, and the total of the zinc, nickel and copper being at least 97%. One preferred alloy contains zinc about 5%, nickel about 20%, phosphorus about 0.2%, and the remainder substantially of copper. Another preferred alloy contains zinc about 20%, nickel about 10%, phosphorus about 0.15%, and the remainder substantially of copper; 7
Phosphorus in the range given is an absolutely essential component of our improved alloys in conjunction with the zinc and nickel, not only to accomplish age-hardening. but also to form sound cast billets or ingots free from metallic oxides,vsince the phosphorus ensures that any not exceed 1% as it causes manganese oxide inclusions which result in elongated surface defects as a result of metal drawing operations. If any tin is to be present, it should not exceed /2% as it causes diificulty in hot working. If any aluminum or silicon or chromium is to be present in the alloy, the amount of the aluminum or silicon or chromium should not exceed 0.1% as these elements result in refractory and abrasiv oxides which cause rapid wear on tools and dies.
These alloys are age-hardenable' and possess desirable high yield-strength with good ductility and tensile strength in their age-hardened condition. They also have good corrosion-resistance to saline solutions, and a pleasing white color.
The alloys of the invention can be rendered soft and ductile by annealing or heating at temperature in the range from about 1200 F. to about 1650" F. to constitute a solution treatment for the age-hardening nickel and phosphorus oxygen present would be in combination with the metalloid phosphorus to thus form an innocuous oxide, rather than combining with the metals zinc or nickel to form refractory and abrasive oxides which would cause rapid wear on fabricating tools and dies. In this alloy, the phosphorus also appears to perform the function of so altering the relative solubility of gases in the liquid and solid states as to prevent any substantial liberation of such gases in the form of bubbles which if trapped in the alloy would cause serious discontinuities which would persist through the final form of an article or shape wrought from the alloy.
If any lead is to be present in the alloy, it should not exceed 1.5% as it embrittles the alloy so as to interfere with metal working operations used in producing wrought articles and shapes from the alloy. If any iron is to be present in the alloy, it should not exceed 1% as it causes annealing difliculties and renders the control of grain structure more diiilcult. 11' any manmaterial, and quenching, or cooling sufilciently rapidly, from such temperature to hold agehardening material in solution, and can be subsequently. age-hardened by re-heating or aging at temperature in the range from about 600 F. to about 1050" F. for from one-half to six hours or longer, depending on the temperature, to precip tate age-hardening material out of solution.
The invention may be carried out in other specific ways than those herein set forth without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the invention, and the present embodiments are. therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.
We claim:
1. A copper-base alloy consisting substantially of: zinc from 4% to 30%: nickel from 5% to 30%; phosphorus from 0.03% to 0.4%: and-the balance substantially of copper; the amount of the copper being at least 65%, and the total of the zinc, nickel and copper being at least 97%.
2. A copper-base alloy consisting substantially of: zinc from 4% to 22%; nickel from 8% to 22%; phosphorus from 0.05% to 0.3%; and the balance substantially of copper; the amount of the copper being at least 72%, and the total of the zinc, nickel and'copper being at l ast 97%.
3. A copper-base alloy consisting substantially of: zinc about 20%; nickel about 10%; Phosganese is to be present in the alloy, it should phorus about 0.15%; and the balance substanthe copper being at least 65%, and the total of the zinc, nickel and copper being at least 97%, said alloy having been given a solution treatment by having been suitably cooled from tempera- -ture in the range from about 1200 F. to about 1650 F. and having been hardened by having been given a precipitation treatment at tem-- perature in the range from about 600 F. to about 1050 F.
DONALD K. CRAMPTON. HENRY L. BURGHOFF.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US407217A US2309101A (en) | 1941-08-16 | 1941-08-16 | Copper base alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US407217A US2309101A (en) | 1941-08-16 | 1941-08-16 | Copper base alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2309101A true US2309101A (en) | 1943-01-26 |
Family
ID=23611127
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US407217A Expired - Lifetime US2309101A (en) | 1941-08-16 | 1941-08-16 | Copper base alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2309101A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4171972A (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1979-10-23 | Olin Corporation | Corrosion resistant copper base alloys for heat exchanger tube |
| US4202708A (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1980-05-13 | Olin Corporation | Corrosion resistant copper base alloys for heat exchanger tube |
| US5019335A (en) * | 1989-07-10 | 1991-05-28 | Daniel Davitz | Gold colored metal alloy |
-
1941
- 1941-08-16 US US407217A patent/US2309101A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4171972A (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1979-10-23 | Olin Corporation | Corrosion resistant copper base alloys for heat exchanger tube |
| US4202708A (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1980-05-13 | Olin Corporation | Corrosion resistant copper base alloys for heat exchanger tube |
| US5019335A (en) * | 1989-07-10 | 1991-05-28 | Daniel Davitz | Gold colored metal alloy |
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