US2308908A - Saw-tooth oscillator - Google Patents

Saw-tooth oscillator Download PDF

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Publication number
US2308908A
US2308908A US354743A US35474340A US2308908A US 2308908 A US2308908 A US 2308908A US 354743 A US354743 A US 354743A US 35474340 A US35474340 A US 35474340A US 2308908 A US2308908 A US 2308908A
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Prior art keywords
diode
anode
oscillator
condenser
tube
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Expired - Lifetime
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US354743A
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English (en)
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Bahring Herbert
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K4/00—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions
    • H03K4/06—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape
    • H03K4/08—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape
    • H03K4/10—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only
    • H03K4/26—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only in which a sawtooth current is produced through an inductor
    • H03K4/28—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only in which a sawtooth current is produced through an inductor using a tube operating as a switching device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K4/00—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions
    • H03K4/06—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape
    • H03K4/08—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape
    • H03K4/10—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only
    • H03K4/26—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only in which a sawtooth current is produced through an inductor
    • H03K4/28—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only in which a sawtooth current is produced through an inductor using a tube operating as a switching device
    • H03K4/32—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only in which a sawtooth current is produced through an inductor using a tube operating as a switching device combined with means for generating the driving pulses
    • H03K4/34—Generating pulses having essentially a finite slope or stepped portions having triangular shape having sawtooth shape using as active elements vacuum tubes only in which a sawtooth current is produced through an inductor using a tube operating as a switching device combined with means for generating the driving pulses using a single tube with positive feedback through a transformer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to saw-tooth oscillators and is particularly concerned with circuits for producing a saw-tooth current having substantially linear ascending and descending portions.
  • Saw-tooth oscillations of this kind are preferably employed for deflecting the cathode ray of cathode ray tubes used in connection with television or oscillograph devices.
  • the circuit is arranged in such a manner that the biasing potential for the diode is utilized as a part of the anode potential of the oscillator tube.
  • the operating current flows at least through one winding of the transformer, through the generator tube and through the diode.
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit of a known transformer oscillator
  • Fig. 2 shows a circuit arrangement of a sawtooth oscillator contalnlng a diode in parallel to the deflecting coils.
  • Fig. 1 containing a so-called saw-tooth current oscillator.
  • the anode and grid of an oscillator tube l are connected to two windings of a transformer 2.
  • the grid coil of the transformer is connected to an element consisting of a condenser hand a resistor i.
  • the deflecting coils t are arranged in parallel to the grid coil of the transformer.
  • the grid current produces a biasing potential by means of the resistance capacity element l, 5.
  • the grid cathode space of the tube has a linearizing effect upon. the slope of the saw-tooth current in the manner of a diode biased by the element consisting of resistor i and condenser E.
  • Fig. 2 has however the drawback that the power consumption of the resistor t is lost. Furthermore the voltage across elements a and l must be large in comparison to the voltage drop across the diode in order to produce the desired linearizing effect. A power loss due to the resistor t seems therefore unavoidable.
  • the circuit arrange ment of Fig. 3 or one of the following figures is used to overcome this drawback.
  • the anode of oscillator tube i is connected to the anode winding of transformer i and the grid of tube i to the grid winding.
  • the deflecting coils 3 are connected to a. separate output winding.
  • a diode d and a condenser l are arranged in parallel to the deflecting coils l.
  • the biasing resistor l is partly adjustable and comparatively large. It is used for adjusting the frequency of the oscillator.
  • a condenser ii is provided for smoothing the anode current. In this arrangement the operating current flows through the anode winding of the transformer, through the oscillator tube and through the diode. The biasing potential for the diode is therefore used as additional operating anode potential.
  • the two discharge devices can be combined within a single envelope according to Fig. 4.
  • the diode is arranged within tube i and its anode is the oathode of the oscillator tube.
  • the diode can also be connected in the anode circuit of this tube as the grid circuit arrangement having the same sense of winding as the grid coil. Alsoin this case the anode voltage for the oscillator tube and the voltage produced across condenser E are arranged in series aiding relation so that the external anode voltage supply can be lowered accordingly.
  • the arrangements of Figs. 6 and 7 have the advantage that the cathode of the diode does not require an insulated heater circuit because no high tension exists between the filament and the emitting layer.
  • Fig. 8 This circuit is similar to that of Fig. 6 with the exception that an adjustable resistance arrangement I is provided for changing the ratio between the grid current flowing through the deflecting coils and the diode current.
  • Fig. 9 shows an embodiment in which the deflecting coils are connected to a separate output winding.
  • the connection between the low potential side of the deflecting coils and the cathode of the diode and with the positive pole of the external voltage source as shown in Fig. is replaced by a connection of the high potential side of the deflecting coils by way of a choke coil II to the cathode of the oscillator tube I.
  • FIG. 10 A further improvement is represented in Fig. 10. Particularly if the coils of the transformer are coupled very close the arrangements shown in Figs. 3 to 9 require an impulse for setting the oscillator circuit into operation. This is necessary because during the heating period of the diode the condenser l is not yet charged .to its full operating voltage and the grid coil of the transformer is short circuited for alternating currents by way of the diode and the condenser. According to Fig. 10 an additional resistor R is arranged in parallel to the condenser i of the diode circuit.
  • This condenser has the eflect that during the heating period an auxiliary current flows which is small in comparison with the operating current so that independent of the charging of the condenser and the condition of the diode an oscillation can start. It is preferable to employ an oscillator tube l having a shorter heating period than the diode ii. If the oscillation has once started the condenser receives its charge during the operation and the diode takes over its function. The internal resistance of the diode assumes a constant low value during the periods of conductivity.
  • the resistor R can be arranged in similar manner in all circuits of Figs. 3 to 9. It can be preferable to employ a voltage divider instead oi. a fixed resistor. If a screen grid tube is used for synchronizing purposes the screen grid potential can be taken off from such a voltage divider.
  • the invention is not limited to the circuit arrangements shown in the figures. It can be employed a so in connection with oscillation generators of other types.
  • the use of the invention in connection with transformer oscillators has however the advantage that a simple triode can be used as oscillator tube consuming only a very small amount of energy.
  • a sawtooth current generator comprising an oscillator tube having an anode, a cathode and a control element, means for coupling said anode and said control element to obtain the transfer of energy therebetween, a deflecting coil, means for coupling said deflecting coil with said oscillator tube to produce a flow of sawtooth current through said coil, a diode and biasing means comprising a parallel combination of a resist- .ance element and a condenser for providing said diode with an operating bias voltage connected in series relation, means for connecting said diode and said biasing means in parallel relation with said deflecting coil, a source of operating voltage for said oscillator tube, and means for connecting said voltage source and said biasing means in series-aiding relation between said anode and said cathode.
  • a sawtooth current generator comprising an oscillator tube having an anode, a cathode and a control element, a transformer for coupling said anode and said control element, a deflecting coil coupled to said transformer to produce a flow of sawtooth current through said coil, a diode and biasing means comprising a parallel combination of a resistance element and a condenser for providing said diode with an operating bias voltage connected in series relation, means for connecting said diode and said biasing means in parallel relation with said deflecting coil, a source of operating voltage for said oscillator tube, and means for connecting said voltage source and said biasing means in series-aiding relation between said anode and said cathode.
  • a sawtooth current generator comprising an oscillator tube having an anode, a cathode and a control element, a transformer for coupling said anode and said control element, a deflecting coil, means for magnetically coupling said deflecting coil to said transformer to produce a flow of sawtooth current through said coil, a diode and biasing means comprising a parallel combination of a resistance element and a condenser for providing said diode with an operating bias voltage connected in series relation, means for connecting said diode and said biasing means in parallel relation with said deflecting coil, a source of operating voltage for said oscillator tube, and means for connecting said voltage source and said biasing means in series-aiding relation between said anode and said cathode.
  • a sawtooth current generator comprising an oscillator tube having an anode, a cathode and a control element, means for coupling said anode and said control element to obtain the transfer of energy therebetween, a deflecting coil, means for coupling said deflecting coil with said oscillator tube to produce a flow of sawtooth current through said coil, a diode and biasing means having two terminals and comprising a parallel combination of a resistance element and a condenser for providing said diode with an operating bias voltage connected in series relation, means for connecting said diode and said biasing means in parallel relation with said deflecting coil, a source of operating voltage for said oscillator tube having two terminals, means for so asoaooe connecting one of said terminals of said biasing means to one of said terminals of said voltage source and the other of said terminals of said biasing means to said cathode that the voltages of said source and said biasing means are in series-aiding relation.
  • a sawtooth current generator comprising an oscillator tube having an anode, a cathode and a control element, means for coupling said anode and said control element to obtain the transfer of energy therebetween, a deflecting coil, means for coupling said deflecting coil with said oscillating tube to produce a flow of sawtooth current through said coil, a diode and a condenser connected in series relation whereby an operating bias voltage for said diode is developed across said condenser, means for connecting said diode and said condenser in parallel relation with said deflecting coil, a source of operating voltage for said oscillator tube, and means for connecting said voltage source and said condenser in such manner that their voltages are in series-aiding relation.
  • a sawtooth current generator comprising an oscillator tube having an anode, a cathode and a control element, means for coupling said anode and said control element to obtain the transfer of energy therebetween, a deflecting coil, means for coupling said deflecting coil with said oscillator tube to produce a flow of sawtooth current through said coil, a diode and a condenser connected in series relation, whereby an operating bias voltage for said diode is developed across said condenser, a resistance element connected to the terminals of said condenser, means for connecting said diode and said condenser in parallel relation with saiddeflecting coil, a source of operating voltage for said oscillator tube, and means for connecting said voltage source and said condenser in such manner that their voltages are in series-aiding relation.
  • a sawtooth current generator comprising an oscillator tube having an anode, a cathode and a control element, a. transformer having a first winding and a second winding for coupling said anode and said control element, a deflecting coil,
  • biasing means comprising a parallel combination of a resistance element and a condenser for providing said diode with an operating bias voltage con.- nected'in series relation with said diode, means for connecting said diode cathode to a point on said first transformer winding, means for coupling said deflecting coil with said cathode of said oscillator tube.

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US354743A 1939-09-07 1940-08-29 Saw-tooth oscillator Expired - Lifetime US2308908A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE223180X 1939-09-07

Publications (1)

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US2308908A true US2308908A (en) 1943-01-19

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US354743A Expired - Lifetime US2308908A (en) 1939-09-07 1940-08-29 Saw-tooth oscillator

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US (1) US2308908A (de)
BE (2) BE440871A (de)
CH (2) CH223180A (de)
DE (1) DE898163C (de)
FR (2) FR879484A (de)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2466784A (en) * 1945-01-13 1949-04-12 Rca Corp Cathode-ray beam deflecting circuit
US2467699A (en) * 1944-10-09 1949-04-19 Mullard Radio Valve Co Ltd Electric time base circuits
US2474474A (en) * 1947-02-25 1949-06-28 Rca Corp Power recovery circuit for cathoderay apparatus deflection systems
US2524530A (en) * 1946-12-14 1950-10-03 Pye Ltd Scanning circuits particularly for television apparatus
US2555831A (en) * 1949-04-30 1951-06-05 Rca Corp Television deflection power recovery circuit
US2555829A (en) * 1949-04-30 1951-06-05 Rca Corp Television deflection power recovery circuit
US2562941A (en) * 1946-03-20 1951-08-07 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Sweep generator
US2563487A (en) * 1951-08-07 Television receiver synchronizing
US2562925A (en) * 1946-01-15 1951-08-07 Leon J Lader Sweep generator
US2586310A (en) * 1948-02-28 1952-02-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Blocking oscillator
US2605424A (en) * 1946-02-20 1952-07-29 Jr Walter A Janvrin Blocking oscillator
US2646527A (en) * 1949-09-23 1953-07-21 Robert H Mathes Symmetrical sweep centering control
US2717961A (en) * 1946-01-30 1955-09-13 Charles W Johnstone Frequency division
US2721261A (en) * 1951-10-08 1955-10-18 Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc Electronic tube and circuit therefor
US2774911A (en) * 1954-02-08 1956-12-18 Int Standard Electric Corp Circuit arrangement for the generation of saw-tooth shaped deflecting currents

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE465084A (de) * 1945-05-11
BE473883A (de) * 1946-06-17
NL131738C (de) * 1947-04-21
BE494173A (de) * 1949-02-28
FR563269A (fr) * 1950-05-17 1923-11-30 Procédé et appareils pour le transport, transvasement, soutirage et débit de bières et boissons gazeuses
US2858438A (en) * 1956-07-02 1958-10-28 Itt Voltage comparators

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2563487A (en) * 1951-08-07 Television receiver synchronizing
US2467699A (en) * 1944-10-09 1949-04-19 Mullard Radio Valve Co Ltd Electric time base circuits
US2466784A (en) * 1945-01-13 1949-04-12 Rca Corp Cathode-ray beam deflecting circuit
US2562925A (en) * 1946-01-15 1951-08-07 Leon J Lader Sweep generator
US2717961A (en) * 1946-01-30 1955-09-13 Charles W Johnstone Frequency division
US2605424A (en) * 1946-02-20 1952-07-29 Jr Walter A Janvrin Blocking oscillator
US2562941A (en) * 1946-03-20 1951-08-07 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Sweep generator
US2524530A (en) * 1946-12-14 1950-10-03 Pye Ltd Scanning circuits particularly for television apparatus
US2474474A (en) * 1947-02-25 1949-06-28 Rca Corp Power recovery circuit for cathoderay apparatus deflection systems
US2586310A (en) * 1948-02-28 1952-02-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Blocking oscillator
US2555829A (en) * 1949-04-30 1951-06-05 Rca Corp Television deflection power recovery circuit
US2555831A (en) * 1949-04-30 1951-06-05 Rca Corp Television deflection power recovery circuit
US2646527A (en) * 1949-09-23 1953-07-21 Robert H Mathes Symmetrical sweep centering control
US2721261A (en) * 1951-10-08 1955-10-18 Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc Electronic tube and circuit therefor
US2774911A (en) * 1954-02-08 1956-12-18 Int Standard Electric Corp Circuit arrangement for the generation of saw-tooth shaped deflecting currents

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE898163C (de) 1953-11-26
BE444564A (de) 1942-03-31
FR880294A (fr) 1943-03-22
CH228353A (de) 1943-08-15
CH223180A (de) 1942-08-31
FR879484A (fr) 1943-02-24
BE440871A (de) 1941-04-30

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