US2307716A

US2307716A - Elastic fluid turbine

Info

Publication number: US2307716A
Application number: US431403A
Authority: US
Inventors: Wiberg Oscar Anton
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1940-07-08
Filing date: 1942-02-18
Publication date: 1943-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 1960-01-05

Description

O. A. WIBERG ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE Original Filed July 8, 1 940 AWE/T )5 Patented Jan. 5, 1943 Original application July "8, 1940, Se rial No. 344,451. Divided and this application .February 18, 1942,:Serial No. 431,403.

August 31, 1939 In Sweden Claims. (01. 253916.55

This invention relates to elastic fluid turbines and more, particularly. to steam or gas turbines of the, radial flow'type in .which two, or more additional sets of axial flow. blades are provided so as to be acted on by the driving fluid that has passed through the radial flow system, and in which said additional sets of axial flow blades are carried by axially spaced annular turbine discs or disc sections, to the free outer ends of which the blades are attached. The object of the invention is to provide means for suppressing vibrations in said discs, especially in the outer portions thereof.

A feature of the invention involves the provision of a rigid connection between adjacent discs at their inner periphery so as to lock them against axial vibrations with relation to each other, and the provision between the outer positions of the discs of an axial stay or stays rigidly secured to one of the respective discs and in frictional engagement with the other disc.

In the accompanying drawing several embodiments of the invention are illustrated. Fig. 1 is an axial section of part of a radial flow turbine to which an embodiment of the invention has been applied. Fig, 2 is a plan view of the outer staying element of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are axial sections of modified forms of outer staying elements.

With reference to Fig. 1 the numeral I indicates part of a radial flow blade system of a steam or gas turbine having, in addition to said radial flow blade system, two annular sets of axial flow blades 2 and 3, respectively. The radial flow blades I are carried, in part, by an inner turbine disc section 4 and, in part, by an outer turbine disc section 5. The axial flow blades 2 are carried by the said disc section 5, and the axial flow blades 3 are carried by a separate turbine disc I situated axially beside the turbine disc 5. The turbine disc section 5 is connected at its inner periphery to the disc section 4 by a set of radial bolts 8 and to the disc 1 by another set of radial bolts 9 engaging holes in overlapping parts or flanges of the discs 5 and 1. Inside the discs 5-and 1 is shown a cylindrical member ID connecting a labyrinth plate II outside the turbine disc I to the turbine disc section 4, said member I0 being further connected by means of pins to another labyrinth plate, not shown. It is considered that the parts of the turbine thus far shown are sufiicient as a basis for illustrating this invention.

Provided between the outer portions of the discs 5 and I is an axial stay in the form of a cylindri cal lr'mg i 2 the axis, of. which coincides withthe turbine axis. One end of said ring isclamped to therespective turbine disc, as 5, and tothis..

end the ring is formedwith an nlarged=rounded end portion l3 engaging a corresponding .groove of the disc. Theotherend of. thering I2 .isiin frictional engagement with its respective. turbine disc, ,as 1, andto this 'end' the outersurface of the ring, bears againstthe inside ofan annular flange I4 projecting from the inner surface of disc I. The ring I2 does not extend fully to the said surface. The friction produced between the flange I4 and the ring I2 may act to suppress vibrations of the discs 5 and I to neglectable values.

In order to increase the friction between the free end of the stay ring I2 and the flange M, the ring may be provided with an additional mass I5 at its free end, and slits may be cut in the ring from the free end thereof, as shown at I6 in Fig. 14, so as to form axial tongues I! each carrying a segmental additional mass. In rotation, said tongues I I will be forced by the centrifugal force against the flange 3|] with a power increasing with increased speed of rotation and increased size of the additional masses.

Instead of using an integral flange I4 a separate ring I B, Fig. 3, may be used which is attached to the respective turbine disc, as I, by a caulking operation. In Fig. 3 is further shown a wear ring I9 let in a groove in the outer surface of the stay ring I2 at the free end thereof which bears against said separate ring I8,

In Fig. 4 is shown a flange 20 formed integrally with the turbine disc I which presents a conical inner surface to be engaged by a corresponding conical outer surface of the stay ring I2 at the free end thereof. Also in this case the degree of suppressing the vibrations of the discs increases with increased speed of rotation.

What I claim is:

1. An elastic fluid turbine of the radial flow type having in combination, a radial flow blade system, sets of axial flow blades, axially spaced annular discs to carry said sets of axial flow blades, connections between adjacent ones of said discs at the inner periphery thereof, one of said discs having on its surface facing the other disc an annular flange concentrical with the turbine axis, and a stay ring loosely bearing against the inside of said flange by its oneend portion While being in engagement with an annular groove in the other disc by an enlarged portion at its other end.

2. An elastic fluid turbine of the radial flow type having in combination, a radial flow blade 4 system, sets of axial flow blades, axially spaced annular discs to carry said sets of axial flow blades, connections between adjacent ones of said discs at the inner periphery thereof, a separate ring attached to one of said discs by a caulking operation so as to form an annular flange concentric with the turbine axis, a stay ring loosely bearing against the inside of said flange by its one end portion while being in engagement with an annular groove in the other disc by an enlarged portion at its other end.

3. An elastic fluid turbine of the radial flow type having in combination, a radial flow blade system, sets of axial flow blades, axially spaced annular discs to carry said sets of axial flow blades, connections between adjacent ones of said discs at the inner periphery thereof, one of said discs having on its surface facing the other disc an annular flange concentrical with the turbine axis, and a stay ring loosely bearing against the inside of said flange by its one end portion while being in engagement with an annular groove in the other disc by an enlarged portion at its other end, said stay ring having a wear ring let thereinto on the part of its outer periphery bearing against said flange.

4. An elastic fluid turbine of the radial flow type having in combination, a radial flow blade system, sets of axial flow blades, axially spaced annular discs to carry said sets of axial flow blades, connections between adjacent ones of said discs at the inner periphery thereof, one of said discs having on its surface facing the other disc an annular flange concentrical with the turbine axis, and a stay ring loosely bearing against the inside of said flange by its one end portion while being in engagement with an annular groove in the other disc by an enlarged portion at its, other end, said stay ring carrying at its free end an additional mass in order to increase the friction against the said flange under the influence of the centrifugal force.

5. An elastic fluid turbine of the radial flow type having in combination, a radial flow blade system, sets of axial flow blades, axially spaced annular discs to carry said sets of axial flow blades, connections between adjacent ones of said discs at the inner periphery thereof, one of said discs having on its surface facing the other disc an annular flange concentrical with the turbine axis, and a stay ring loosely bearing against the inside of said'flange by its one end portion while being in engagement with an annular groove in the other disc by an enlarged portion at its other end, said stay ring carrying an additional mass at its free end and being cut by axial slits at said free end so as to form axial tongues each carrying a portion of said additional mass.

OSCAR ANTON WIBERG.