US2300965A - Method for treating mercury mines - Google Patents
Method for treating mercury mines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2300965A US2300965A US399417A US39941741A US2300965A US 2300965 A US2300965 A US 2300965A US 399417 A US399417 A US 399417A US 39941741 A US39941741 A US 39941741A US 2300965 A US2300965 A US 2300965A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mercury
- mines
- mine
- treating
- polysulfide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 30
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 15
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFXRJNDIBXZNJK-KVVVOXFISA-N azanium;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound N.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O WFXRJNDIBXZNJK-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- VIDTVPHHDGRGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium sulfide Chemical compound [Se]=S VIDTVPHHDGRGAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005265 selenium sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium polysulfide Chemical compound [Na+].S HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of and means for treating mercury mines.
- an important object of my invention is to make it possible to operate mercury mines in which free mercury occurs without causing a health hazard due to the presence of mercury vapor in the atmosphere of the mine.
- a further important object of my invention is to make it possible to decrease the health hazard in mercury mines, the walls of which are impregnated with liquid mercury or liquid mercury,
- the preferred spreader is one formed by the process disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 1,922,607 to Volck, together with casein, ammonia soap and cresylic acid.
- the product of the patent is an organic sulfur acid component from relatively heavy mineral oils which consists in reacting these oils with sulphuric acid at controlled temperatures.
- the spreader is used to the extent of one pint per 100 gallons of spray material. Any other suitable spreader or wetting agent may be used, the purpose oi which is to cause the timbers, rock faces, etc., to become more readily uniformly covered with the treating spray, and I have used the words spreader and spreading agent to cover such a material.
- the preferred adhesive or fixative has a petro- 5 leum base containing emulsifiable oils of the light lubricating oil class.
- Any other suitable adhesive may be used, the purpose of which is to assist in maintaining the alkali polysulfide film intact and to materially reduce the caustic properties of the polysulfide solution to the operators of the process, and I have used those terms to define such a material.
- Wettable sulfur to the extent of five pounds per 100 gallons of solution is also of great value in enabling the operator to see the parts that have been previously sprayed.
- a dye may be added to the spray for the same purpose.
- the Wettable sulfur also assists to maintain a very slight vapor pressure of sulfur which will combine with any mercury vapor which penetrates the alkali polysulfide film or evaporates from parts not reached by the spray.
- a small portion of glycerine-less than one per cent of total solution-or other highly hygroscnpic substance may be added to the spray solution for the purpose of maintaining a moist condition in the deposited film, if desired.
- the concentration of the constituents of the spray solution may be vvaried over wide limits.
- the mixture is preferably mixed and sprayed on all of the faces, muck piles, walls, timbers, stopes, tunnels and other parts of the mine and in sufficient quantities to thoroughly Wet all surfaces.
- a method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying a water solution of alkali polysulfide on the surfaces of said mine.
- a method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueous mixture of an alkali polysulfide and a spreading agent on the surfaces of said mine.
- a method of treating mercury mines comprising spray an aqueous mixture of an alkali polysulflde and an adhesive on the surfaces of said mine.
- a method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueousmixtureof an alkali polysulflde and wettable sulfur on the surfaces of said mine.
- a method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueous mixture of an alkali polysulfide, a spreading agent, an adhesive and wettable sulfur on the surfaces of said mine.
- a method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying a water solution of a calcium polysulfide on the surfaces of said mine.
- a method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueous mixture of a calcium poly sulfide and a spreading agent on the surfaces of said mine.
- a method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueous mixture of calcium polysulfide and an adhesive on the surfaces of said mine.
- a method of treating mercury mines comprising'spraying an aqueous mixture of calcium polysulfide and wettable sulfur on the surfaces of said mine.
- a method of, treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueous mixture of calcium polysulfide, a spreading agent, an adhesive and wettable sulfur on the surfaces of said mine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Description
Patented Nov. 3, 1942 I 2,aoo.9s METHOD ron rnna'rmc'rmnctm MINES Merle aaiiaau, Berkeley, Calif.
No Drawing. Application June 23, 1941, Serial No. 399,417
Claims.
This invention relates to a method of and means for treating mercury mines.
an important object of my invention is to make it possible to operate mercury mines in which free mercury occurs without causing a health hazard due to the presence of mercury vapor in the atmosphere of the mine.
A further important object of my invention is to make it possible to decrease the health hazard in mercury mines, the walls of which are impregnated with liquid mercury or liquid mercury,
' result of blasting or other operations, or when free mercury dust is present on the timbers or the walls, then the evaporation of the mercury from the surface of the particles of liquid mercury and/or dust causes the concentration of mercury vapor in the air of the mine to rise to levels sufiicient to cause a serious health hazard to the workers therein. Increasing the rate of ventilation may not sufiice to decrease the concentration, and such increase in ventilation has actually been known to increase the mercury vapor concentration in some cases.
I have found that when the faces, muck piles, walls, timbers, stopes, tunnels, and other parts of a mercury mine exposed to dust from the blasting and drilling operations, or opened as a result of the blasting operations, were sprayed with an alkali polysulfide solution, preferably with a'spreader and adhesive or fixative, the concentration of the mercury vapor in the air was reduced to barely determinable concentrations. For example, when a mine containing approximately 16 milligrams of mercury vapor per ten cubic meters of air was so treated the mercury vapor concentration was so reduced that there was no noticeable blackening of selenium sulfide paper on five hours exposure in the conventional apparatus made for this purpose or to less than 0.5 milligram per ten cubic half gallons of 29 per cent by weight solution 55 per gallons of spray solution. Sodium or potassium or any of the other alkali or alkaliearth polysulfides including ammonium or substituted ammonium polysulfldes or a mixture of these may be used, and I use the term alkali polysulfide" to include any and all of the above compounds.
The preferred spreader is one formed by the process disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 1,922,607 to Volck, together with casein, ammonia soap and cresylic acid. The product of the patent is an organic sulfur acid component from relatively heavy mineral oils which consists in reacting these oils with sulphuric acid at controlled temperatures. The spreader is used to the extent of one pint per 100 gallons of spray material. Any other suitable spreader or wetting agent may be used, the purpose oi which is to cause the timbers, rock faces, etc., to become more readily uniformly covered with the treating spray, and I have used the words spreader and spreading agent to cover such a material.
The preferred adhesive or fixative has a petro- 5 leum base containing emulsifiable oils of the light lubricating oil class. Any other suitable adhesive may be used, the purpose of which is to assist in maintaining the alkali polysulfide film intact and to materially reduce the caustic properties of the polysulfide solution to the operators of the process, and I have used those terms to define such a material.
Wettable sulfur to the extent of five pounds per 100 gallons of solution is also of great value in enabling the operator to see the parts that have been previously sprayed. A dye may be added to the spray for the same purpose. The Wettable sulfur also assists to maintain a very slight vapor pressure of sulfur which will combine with any mercury vapor which penetrates the alkali polysulfide film or evaporates from parts not reached by the spray.
A small portion of glycerine-less than one per cent of total solution-or other highly hygroscnpic substance may be added to the spray solution for the purpose of maintaining a moist condition in the deposited film, if desired.
The concentration of the constituents of the spray solution may be vvaried over wide limits.
While I have disclosed the use of various substances which may be used with the alkali polysulfide, satisfactory reduction of the mercury vapor concentration may be achieved without the use of any of said additional substances. For example, satisfactory reduction of the mercury vapor concentration may be obtained by thoroughly wetting all of the surfaces of the mine with a three per cent (3%) by weightsolution of sodium polysulfide. The spreader and the adhesive substances may or may not be added as desired.
The mixture is preferably mixed and sprayed on all of the faces, muck piles, walls, timbers, stopes, tunnels and other parts of the mine and in sufficient quantities to thoroughly Wet all surfaces.
From the foregoing description, the uses, advantages, and 'operation of my invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains. While I have described certain examples of my invention, I desire to have it understood that the examples given are merely illustrative, and that the invention is not to be limited to the details disclosed herein, but is to be accorded the full scope of the appended claims.
I claim: i
1. A method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying a water solution of alkali polysulfide on the surfaces of said mine.
2. A method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueous mixture of an alkali polysulfide and a spreading agent on the surfaces of said mine.
3.v A method of treating mercury mines comprising spray an aqueous mixture of an alkali polysulflde and an adhesive on the surfaces of said mine.
4. A method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueousmixtureof an alkali polysulflde and wettable sulfur on the surfaces of said mine.
5. A method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueous mixture of an alkali polysulfide, a spreading agent, an adhesive and wettable sulfur on the surfaces of said mine.
6. A method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying a water solution of a calcium polysulfide on the surfaces of said mine.
7. A method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueous mixture of a calcium poly sulfide and a spreading agent on the surfaces of said mine.
8. A method of treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueous mixture of calcium polysulfide and an adhesive on the surfaces of said mine.
9. A method of treating mercury mines comprising'spraying an aqueous mixture of calcium polysulfide and wettable sulfur on the surfaces of said mine. v
10. A method of, treating mercury mines comprising spraying an aqueous mixture of calcium polysulfide, a spreading agent, an adhesive and wettable sulfur on the surfaces of said mine.
MERLE RANDALL.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US399417A US2300965A (en) | 1941-06-23 | 1941-06-23 | Method for treating mercury mines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US399417A US2300965A (en) | 1941-06-23 | 1941-06-23 | Method for treating mercury mines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2300965A true US2300965A (en) | 1942-11-03 |
Family
ID=23579430
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US399417A Expired - Lifetime US2300965A (en) | 1941-06-23 | 1941-06-23 | Method for treating mercury mines |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2300965A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2774736A (en) * | 1950-12-05 | 1956-12-18 | William M Stieh & Co Inc | Method of applying metal and metal vapor decontaminats |
| US3647359A (en) * | 1968-09-21 | 1972-03-07 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Recovery of mercury |
| US3725530A (en) * | 1970-06-23 | 1973-04-03 | Showa Denko Kk | Method of removing mercury vapor from gases |
| US20090202407A1 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-13 | Hurley Peter J | Air pollution reduction solution |
-
1941
- 1941-06-23 US US399417A patent/US2300965A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2774736A (en) * | 1950-12-05 | 1956-12-18 | William M Stieh & Co Inc | Method of applying metal and metal vapor decontaminats |
| US3647359A (en) * | 1968-09-21 | 1972-03-07 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Recovery of mercury |
| US3725530A (en) * | 1970-06-23 | 1973-04-03 | Showa Denko Kk | Method of removing mercury vapor from gases |
| US20090202407A1 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-13 | Hurley Peter J | Air pollution reduction solution |
| US7776294B2 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2010-08-17 | Cylenchar Limited | Air pollution reduction solution |
| AU2009214206B2 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2012-08-02 | Cylenchar Limited | Air pollution reduction solution |
| AU2009214206B8 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2012-11-29 | Cylenchar Limited | Air pollution reduction solution |
| KR101813473B1 (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2018-01-30 | 사이렌챠 리미티드 | Air pollution reduction solution |
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