US2290337A

US2290337A - Alleviator

Info

Publication number: US2290337A
Application number: US367542A
Authority: US
Inventors: Knauth Walter Theodore
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1940-11-28
Filing date: 1940-11-28
Publication date: 1942-07-21
Anticipated expiration: 1959-07-21

Description

3 1 21, 1942. w. 'r. KNAUTH 2,290,337

ALLEVIATOR Filed Nov. 28, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet l v A 7'7'ORNE r.

July 21, 1942. w. -r. KNAUTH ALLEVIATOR 7 Filed Nov. 28, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 271, i942 ill fl t? ATENT FEE arrluvm'roa Walter Theodore Knauth, Houston, Tex. Application November 28, 1940, Serial No. 367,542

7 (Claims.

This invention relates to an alleviator or shock absorber and has been particularly adapted for use in connection with fluid conducting pipe lines through which the fluid is forced in pulsations by means of reciprocating pumps or other similar sources of pressure.

An object of the invention is to provide a device of the character described adapted to be interposed between the pump and the conducting line or incorporated into the line itself and which is eflective to absorb excessive pressures and restore abnormally low pressures and to thus protect the line from the shocks due to variations in pres- SUI'ES.

Another object or" the invention is to provide a device of the character described of such construction that air or gas may be utilized as a dampening agent to absorb the shocks and which is also of such construction as to be adapted for use on lines carrying fluids containing abrasive materials or foreign matter.

With the above and other objects in view the invention has particular relation to certain novel features of construction, operation and arrangement of parts, examples of which are given in this specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 shows a sectional view of one form of the alleviator.

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment, and

within the inner partition i and a port It connects the chambers 53 and 62, said port being provided with a flared valve seat i l arranged to coopv erate with the ball valve 85 in the chamber l2.

I'he chamber 9 is filled with a suitable liquid in which the valve it may float.

Around the

diaphragms

5 and 6 are the outer and inner chambers it and H. Air or gas under the required pressure may be introduced into the V chambers E2, E6 and H through suitable connec- Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view taken on the line 3- 3 of Figure 3.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings wherein like numerals of reference designate the same parts in each of the figures, the numeral l designates a cylindrical casing having the outer end plate, or head 2.

Arranged concentrically within the casing and spaced therefrom and also spaced apart are the cylindrical shaped outer and inner partitions 3 and i which are perforated throughout their area to allow the free flow of fluid therethrough. The outer ends of these partitions are suitably anchored to the outer end plate 2.

Surrounding the respective partitions 3 and Q are the elastic diaphragms 5 and 8 whose outer ends are suitably clamped around the corresponding ends or" the partitions. The opposite ends of the casing, the partitions, and the diaphragms ar clamped together and are suitably secured to the adjacent end of the fitting l which latter is tions as it controlled by conventional back pressure valves. The pressure in the various chambers may be varied as required.

When there is pressure in the line the diaphragm 8 will be moved to force part of the liquid from the chamber 9 through the port E3 into the chamber i2 and the valve l5 will float in this liquid. When there is no pressure in the line the diaphragm 3 assumes its normal position and the ball valve l5 seats on the seat Ml after substantially all of the liquid in the chamber 82 has returned into the chamber 9. Also the diaphragms ti and 6, previously expanded by the pressure in the line, will return into close surrounding relationship with their

corresponding partitions

3 and 3. These partitions t and 6 may, if desired, be surrounded with metal screen cloth as 59, 23 to better support the corresponding diaphragms. When the ball valve has seated on the seat M the

elastic diaphragms

5 and 6 will be protected from the influence of any further pressure drop in the chamber 9.

Usually the fluid pressure in the chamber it will be somewhat higher than that of the fluid in the chamber ti. I

The ordinary pump pulsations will usually be dampened by the diaphragms 8 and 6 acting against the air, gas or other fluid under pressure in the chambers l2 and ll and higher pressure pulsations will be dampened or absorbed by the higherpressure of the fluid in the chamber it surrounding the diaphragm 5.

In the modifications illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 the casing is designated by the numeral la. It is provided with the end plates 2a, 211 into which the adjacent sections Ma, Ma of the line are connected. In this form of the alleviator the formed of separable sections and is provided with 55 uter and inn cylindrical partitions 3a d 44 are provided which are spaced apart and are spaced inwardly of the casing la. These partitions are perforated throughout and are surrounded by the outer and inner elastic diaphragms 5a and 6a. The ends of the casing, of the partitions and of the diaphragms, in this form are suitably clamped to the corresponding end plates 2a. The chambers for air, gas or other fluid around the respective diaphragms are thus provided and designated by the numerals l6 and ii.

Surrounding the connections for the sections of pipe line We, Ma, and located within the casing, and spaced inwardly from the inner partition ia there is an elastic sleeve 802 whose ends are suitably anchored to the end plates 2a as shown in Figure 3 thus providing the chamber 7 911 between said diaphragm 8a and the partition to. This chamber 9a is filled with liquid and it has therefore not been considered necessary to support the sleeve or diaphragm 8a with a surrounding perforated cylinder. The liquid flowing through the line will pass through the diaphragm 8a and the varying pressures transmitted through the liquid by the pump will be transmitted to the diaphragm 8a, to the liquid in the chamber 9a and thence to the diaphragms 6a and 5a. The chambers I6 and J1 'will contain air or gas under pressure which may be admitted through the connections l8.

The

partitions

3a and 4a are closely surrounded by metal screen cloth I9a, 20a to better. '1

support the corresponding diaphragms 5a, 6a when the pressure in the line is'low.

The type of alleviator herein described is adaptable for general use for dampening pulsa tions in liquid flowing through a line under pump pressure.

chambers, yieldable diaphragms around said partitionswhich are limited in their movement in one direction by said partitions, compressed gas filling the gas chambers and liquid in liquid chamber, a yieldable diaphragm exposed to the pressure in the line and forming one side of said liquid chamber and the amount of whose deflection is controlled by the difference in the fluid pressure on opposite sides of said last mentioned diaphragm.

4. A pulsation absorbing device adapted to to be connected into a liquid conducting line and comprising a casing having a plurality of chambers therein, rigid perforated partitions separating said chambers, yieldable diaphragms around said partitions, a non-compressible liquid in one of said chambers and compressed gas in the other chambers, a yieldable diaphragm exposed to the pressure of liquid flowing through the line and forming one side of said liquid chamber, a valve seat through which said liquid passes under the iifiuence of the movement of said last mentioned-diaphragm by the pressure of the liquid flo .ving through the line, -a valve controlling said seat and limiting the flow of liquid from the chamber in the other direction, said last mentioned diaphragm being controlled in movement in the other direction by the difierence in fluid pressure on opposite sides thereof after the ,valve closes.

5. A pulsation absorbing device adapted to be connected into a liquid conducting line and comprising a casing having a plurality of gas chambers therein and also having a liquid chamber therein, rigid perforated partitions between the chambers, yieldable diaphragms around the partitions, afreely movable yieldable diaphragm forming one side of the liqu1d cham- The drawings and description are illustrative gas filled chambers and-one of which separates the chamber containing the liquid from the adjacent gas filled chamber and yieldable diaphragms around said partitions.

2. A pulsation absorbing device adapted to be connected into a liquid conducting line and comprising a casing having a plurality of gas filled chambers therein and also having a liquid chamber therein, liquid in the liquid chamber, rigid perforated partitions between the chambers, yieldable diaphragms around the partitions, a yieldable diaphragm separating the liquid in said liquid chamber from the liquid conducted by the line, a valve seat in the casing through which liquid may flow when said last mentioned diaphragm is moved in one direction by the pressure of fluid flowing through the line and a valve adapted to finally close I said seat upon movement of said last mentioned diaphragm in the other direction.

3. A pulsation absorbing'device adapted to be connected into a liquid conducting line and comprising a casing having a plurality of gas chambers and also having a liquid chamber, rigid perforated partitions separating said her and exposed to the direct pressure of the liquid flowing through the line, said liquid chamber having a valve assembly therein arranged to allow'liquid to flow therethrough upon movement of said last mentioned diaphragm in one direction, under the influence of the pressure of the liquid flowing through the line, to exert a pressure against the gas in said gas chambers, said valve assembly being arranged to limit the flow of liquid therethrough upon movement of said last mentioned diaphragm in the other direction.

6. A pulsation absorbing device adapted to be connected into a liquid conducting line and comprising a casinghaving a plurality of adjacent chambers, liquid in one of said chambers, a yieldable diaphragm separating the liquid conducted through the line from that contained in the liquid chamber, said diaphragm forming one side of the liquid chamber and the amount of whose deflection is controlled solely by the difference in the fluid pressure on opposite sides of the prising a casing having a plurality of chambers,

liquid in one of said chambers, a yieldable diaphragm forming one side of the liquid chamber a,aoo,ss7 v 3 and separating liquid conductedthrough the line from that contained in the liquid chamber, the amount of deflection of said diaphragm being controlled solely by the diiierence in fluid pressure of the liquid conducted through the line and that contained in the liquid chamber, compressed as in the other chamber, a valve seat between the chambers through which liquid may move freely irom the liquid chamber into the gas from the gas chamber into the liquid chamber in accordance with variations of the fluid pressure in the liquid chamber, a valve adapted to float in the liquid moving from the liquid chamber into the gas chamber and being arranged to.

finally seat on the valve seat to limit the amount of the liquid receding from the gas chamber to the liquid chamber.

WAL'IERYTHEODORE KNAUTH.