US2290032A - Extreme pressure lubricant - Google Patents
Extreme pressure lubricant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2290032A US2290032A US269211A US26921139A US2290032A US 2290032 A US2290032 A US 2290032A US 269211 A US269211 A US 269211A US 26921139 A US26921139 A US 26921139A US 2290032 A US2290032 A US 2290032A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- extreme pressure
- oil
- iron
- pressure lubricant
- lubricating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 6
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940087654 iron carbonyl Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003934 aromatic aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- GCPXMJHSNVMWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenous acid Chemical class O[As](O)O GCPXMJHSNVMWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- -1 phosphate ester Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013707 sensory perception of sound Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
- C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/14—Containing carbon-to-nitrogen double bounds, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
Definitions
- the invention comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
- dispersions in oil are prepared with colloids which have substantially a spherical shape as dispersed particles, in contrast to those whose particles are fiat such as the well-known colloidal graphite.
- colloids which have substantially a spherical shape as dispersed particles, in contrast to those whose particles are fiat such as the well-known colloidal graphite.
- These spherical colloid preparations give a remarkable lubricity, and the behavior is as though the lubricating film provided minute ball or roller bearings between the moving surfaces, instead of the sliding or slipping action had with the flat type of colloid particles such as colloidal graphite.
- These spherical-type colloidal materials may be made from various sources, inorganic or organic, and inorganic materials such as available metal oxides, sulphides and other spherical-colloidal particle providing compounds may be applied. Iron compounds for instance are easily prepared.
- Iron carbonyl is decomposed, as for instance by being admixed with air and a temperature of about 1000 F.
- the products Georgia machine fails at 1000 pounds load and projected into a reaction chamber where there is shows a torque failure at 20 pounds, and shows 0.05 asphaltenes, such oil colloidally ground with the F6203 as provided foregoing, and in the amount of 0.5 per cent, shows a load failure test 01 5000 pounds, torque failure at 48 pounds, and no asphaltenes.
- the colloid material may be incorporated with the oil in amounts as desired, but usually 0.5-2 per cent is suflicient.
- Iron oxide prepared as above-noted is of particular fineness and lends itself well to colloidal grinding or dispersion.
- Iron carbonyl may also be decomposed otherwise, as by burning, hydrolysis or by vapor phase preparation in a light solvent.
- iron sulphide may also be suitably formed and be dispersed with oil, and as indicated, generally analogous spherical colloid particle providing materials may be employed.
- Such materials being characterized by great stability in themselves and having such fineness as to be capable of dispersing in the oil, and when so dispersed in oils of for instance -160 sec. Saybolt at 210 F., the material remains homogeneous without separaton.
- spherical colloid particle material which is of metallic source
- the colloidal material may be mixed in the amounts as aboveindicated and the ester or condensation component may be in lesser amount, as for instance 0.0005 per cent.
- a lubricating composition comprising a lubricating oil having colloidally dispersed therein an iron compound from the group consisting of oxides and sulfides, said iron compound being present in relatively small but sufiicient amount to improve the extreme pressure properties of said oil.
- a lubricating composition comprising a lubricating oil having colloidally dispersed therein iron oxide produced from decomposition of iron carbonyl, said iron oxide being present in relatively small but adequate amount of approximately 0.5% to 2% to improve the extreme pressure properties of said oil.
- a lubricating composition comprising a lubricating oil having colloidaliy dispersed therein iron sulfide, said iron sulfide being present in relatively small but suflicient amount of approximately 0.5% to 2% to improve the extreme pressure properties of said oil.
- the lubricating composition defined in claim 1 containing as an inhibitor a small amount of condensation product of an aromatic aldehyde with a diamine.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
atented July 14, 1942 NHTEZ EXTREME PRESSURE LUBRICANT No D; awing. Application April 21, 1939, Serial No. 269,211
6 Slaims.
In some constructions and usages of gears and hearings or bearing surfaces, under working conditions there are such enormous unit pressures that customary lubricating oils cannot maintain a lubricating film. A number of so-called extreme pressure lubricants have been brought forth in an effort to meet such conditions. These are of the lead soap type or sulphur type or chlorine compound type, or less usually involve phosphates, phosphites, arsenites, etc. These compounds while being able to maintain a lubricating film, tend to affect the oil itself detrimentally, such as decreasing its resistance to oxidation and thickening, and such compounds also tend to decompose and proceed to rapid corrosion and damage to bearing surfaces; and like 001- loidal graphite are not very satisfactory where temperature raise and exposure to oxidizing conditions may be incurred. In accordance with the present invention, colloidal materials of peculiar character are employed to the production of extreme pressure lubricants having freedom from the detrimental tendencies of materials of organic character as noted, and lubricants in accordance with the present invention make possible excellent film maintenance in heavy load conditions.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
In accordance with the invention, dispersions in oil are prepared with colloids which have substantially a spherical shape as dispersed particles, in contrast to those whose particles are fiat such as the well-known colloidal graphite. These spherical colloid preparations give a remarkable lubricity, and the behavior is as though the lubricating film provided minute ball or roller bearings between the moving surfaces, instead of the sliding or slipping action had with the flat type of colloid particles such as colloidal graphite. These spherical-type colloidal materials may be made from various sources, inorganic or organic, and inorganic materials such as available metal oxides, sulphides and other spherical-colloidal particle providing compounds may be applied. Iron compounds for instance are easily prepared. As an example: Iron carbonyl is decomposed, as for instance by being admixed with air and a temperature of about 1000 F., the products Cornell machine fails at 1000 pounds load and projected into a reaction chamber where there is shows a torque failure at 20 pounds, and shows 0.05 asphaltenes, such oil colloidally ground with the F6203 as provided foregoing, and in the amount of 0.5 per cent, shows a load failure test 01 5000 pounds, torque failure at 48 pounds, and no asphaltenes.
The colloid material may be incorporated with the oil in amounts as desired, but usually 0.5-2 per cent is suflicient. Iron oxide prepared as above-noted is of particular fineness and lends itself well to colloidal grinding or dispersion. Iron carbonyl may also be decomposed otherwise, as by burning, hydrolysis or by vapor phase preparation in a light solvent. And, iron sulphide may also be suitably formed and be dispersed with oil, and as indicated, generally analogous spherical colloid particle providing materials may be employed. Such materials being characterized by great stability in themselves and having such fineness as to be capable of dispersing in the oil, and when so dispersed in oils of for instance -160 sec. Saybolt at 210 F., the material remains homogeneous without separaton. In some instances it is of advantage to employ a mixture, as for instance iron oxide and iron sulphide colloidally dispersed as shown.
Where employing spherical colloid particle material which is of metallic source, if the lubricant is to be used under particularly drastic conditions of elevated temperature and air exposure, I prefer a composition involving the oil base with the spherical colloidal particle material, and an agent which here acts as a metal inhibitor, by which I mean a phosphate or phosphite ester or condensation product of an aromatic aldehyde or its derivative with a diamine. The colloidal material may be mixed in the amounts as aboveindicated and the ester or condensation component may be in lesser amount, as for instance 0.0005 per cent.
Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such, be employed.
I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:
1. A lubricating composition comprising a lubricating oil having colloidally dispersed therein an iron compound from the group consisting of oxides and sulfides, said iron compound being present in relatively small but sufiicient amount to improve the extreme pressure properties of said oil.
2. A lubricating composition comprising a lubricating oil having colloidally dispersed therein iron oxide produced from decomposition of iron carbonyl, said iron oxide being present in relatively small but suficient amount of approximately 0.5% to 2% to improve the extreme pressure properties of said oil.
53. A lubricating composition comprising a lubricating oil having colloidaliy dispersed therein iron sulfide, said iron sulfide being present in relatively small but suflicient amount of approximately 0.5% to 2% to improve the extreme pressure properties of said oil.
4. The lubricating composition defined in claim 1 containing a. small amount of phosphate ester as an inhibitor.
5. The lubricating composition defined in claim 1 containing a small amount of phosphite ester as an inhibitor.
6. The lubricating composition defined in claim 1 containing as an inhibitor a small amount of condensation product of an aromatic aldehyde with a diamine.
ROBERT E. BURK.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US269211A US2290032A (en) | 1939-04-21 | 1939-04-21 | Extreme pressure lubricant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US269211A US2290032A (en) | 1939-04-21 | 1939-04-21 | Extreme pressure lubricant |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2290032A true US2290032A (en) | 1942-07-14 |
Family
ID=23026277
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US269211A Expired - Lifetime US2290032A (en) | 1939-04-21 | 1939-04-21 | Extreme pressure lubricant |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2290032A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2421543A (en) * | 1945-01-19 | 1947-06-03 | Union Oil Co | Lubricant |
US3288713A (en) * | 1963-11-14 | 1966-11-29 | Sinclair Research Inc | Synthetic ester lubricants containing antioxidants |
-
1939
- 1939-04-21 US US269211A patent/US2290032A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2421543A (en) * | 1945-01-19 | 1947-06-03 | Union Oil Co | Lubricant |
US3288713A (en) * | 1963-11-14 | 1966-11-29 | Sinclair Research Inc | Synthetic ester lubricants containing antioxidants |
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