US228939A - Lebbeus h - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

L. Raoeras] I Manufacture of Perforated and Scalloped Paper. No. 228,939. Patented June 15,1880.

N. PETERS. PROTQ-UYHOGRAPNER. WASHINGTON. D C

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrrcn.

LEBBEUS H. ROGERS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MANUFACTURE OF PERFORATED AND SCALLOPED PAPER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 228,939, dated June 15, 1880.

Application filed March 26, 1880.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LEBBEUS H. ROGERS, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Manufacture of Perforated Scalloped Paper, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of perforated scalloped paper employed for the ornamenting of shelves in shops and other places, for decorating the interior of cigar and other boxes, and for other purposes.

The method heretofore commonly adopted in the manufacture of such paper has been to take a number of sheets, say twelve, of the desired size, and by suitable dies to perforate and scallop one edge of the sheets, so that all the paper below and between the scallops is consequently wasted. According to another mode the sheets are folded, and punched and scalloped on the creased or folded edge, thus perforating and severing two strips from one sheet; but this plan, like the former, is wasteful, as the material between the two scalloped edges, as well as that between the scallops, is wasted.

In this invention the wastage is reduced to a minimum by perforating and cutting from a flat sheet two strips with the patterns so arranged that the scalloped edges of the two strips interlock or dovetail, the points or scallops of either strip fitting into the space between the points or scallops of the other. The dies, therefore, have not the pattern for a single edge only,'but are duplicated, so as to prepare at one operation the two strips. These strips are preferably severed at the same time and by the same movement that effects the perforation and scalloping, or subsequently, by-means of a pinking-machine or between rollers having cutting-edges of suitable configuration. I

By multiplying the dies and placing them parallel at the required distance apart, a single flat sheet may be cut into a number of strips of any desired width.

In the present method of manufacture only one, or at most two, scallops or points are perforated at the same time, and the sheet is moved forward by hand to make another scallop. In so doing it is difficult to make the (No model.)

forward movement so exact that the commencement of the new scallop will register with the end of the previous one. In most cases the junction is a little too high or too low, or to the right or left of where it should be. In this invention this difficulty is overcome by making at the end of the line by the die a hole slightly larger than the width of the said line, and extending a small distance beyond the edge of the proper joining place, or by shaping the pattern of the die so as to meet that requirement. The enlargement insures a perfect severance and registry at each punching.

This invention also comprises certain improvements in mechanism whereby the paper can be punched and scalloped by power, and can also be embossed if required.

In order that the invention and the manner of carrying the same into effect may be more readily understood,reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the manner in which the perforated scalloped paper has been heretofore cut, and Fig. 3 the way in which, i

by this invention, wastage is reduced to a minimum. Fig. 4 is a view of a strip having the portion which is usually acted upon at each reciprocation of the die perforated and sealloped. Figs. 5 and 6 represent, respectively, a central longitudinal section of the improved machine and an end view of the same, with the table for supporting the paper removed. Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating the manner in which a number of scallops or points may be readily cut out at one operation by having them extending across the strip. Fig.8 is a sectional "iew, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of the stripper-plate, showing the embossing projections or dies around the openings through which the punches pass.

In Fig. 1 the scallops have been cut and the holes punched by operating upon one edge of the open fiat sheet, and in Fig. 2 by folding the sheet and then operating on the creased or folded edge. The sheet as shown in Fig. 2 is open. In both figures the portions outside or between the scallops (indicated by shade lines) are wasted or cut away, and constitnt a source of considerable loss.

As shown in Fig. 3, the sheet is perforated and scalloped in the middle. The die is made to git-e a double row or series of perforations and scallops, which interlock, so as to divide each sheet into two portions by a corrugated or wavy line, as shown at c, Fig. 3, a being one of the strips and b'the other.

The configurations of the die and punches are such that they not only punch out the holes, but also sever the two parts a b by the line 0, the sheet being placed in a flat open position.

The width of the severing-line for practical working need not exceed one-sixteenth of an inch, and the wastage is thus reduced to small proportions. In order, however, to save even this small wastage, the holes are perforated by punches, and the sheet is 'divided into halves by passing it through a pinking-machine, or between a pair of male and female cuttingrollers having the configuration of the scallops desired.

By multiplying the dies and arranging them parallel at suitable distances a sheet can be cut into any desired number of parts.

In Fig.4 the amount that is cut and punched at each reciprocation of the die is shown. It clearly indicates the arrangement of the punching devices, the interlocking pattern for the die, and the particular curve or form of scallops, the number and character of the punohings being, of course, immaterial.

The strip is intermittently fed along lengthwise, and the scallops and holes are successively formed. In order to secure a perfect registry of the several cuttings or punchings, an enlargement, as at d, is made at the end of the pattern shown. To effect more perfect fitting together the opposite end of the line of severance may be made a little narrower.

The scallops on a and b may be alike, or they may be different.

Instead of arranging the punches so as to produce at each reciprocation a full scallop on one side and two parts or halves on the other, as shown in Fig. .4, they may be arranged to cut or punch at the same time a full scallop on each, the line between the center of the seallops being diagonal with reference to the line of feed. I

In the description immediately preceding, I have, for convenience, spoken of a single sheet being perforated and scalloped. In practice, in the ordinary as well as in my improved way, a number of sheets, say twelve, more or less, arranged in a pile, are or may be operated on at once.

I will now describe my improved machine, referring to Figs. 5 and 6.

A is a well-known form of power punchingmachine, having a main shaft, B, with cam, lifting up and forcing down the punch-plate O, the punches of which pass through openingsin die D. Supported in bearings in the frame of the machine are the feed-rollers E F G H. These receive an intermittent revolution in a forward direction to the right in Fig.

5 by gearin gs connected with the main shaftsuch, for example, as shown in Fig. 6.

The rollers are geared by spur-gears to the ratchet-wheel I. To the lever K. which is free to turn on a pivot in the axis of the wheel I, is connected a pawl, L.

The lever K being reciprocated by a cam on the main shaft, by means of a suitable connecting-rod, M, an intermittent rotary motion is imparted to the ratchet-wheel I, and is by it communicated to the feed-wheels. The feedcam and the cam for operating the punch are so timed in their action that the former acts when the punches are elevated by the latter.

The feed-rollers support and impart motion to endless belts N P, between which the paper is passed several webs or sheets at a time. The belts are not broad enough to cover the whole surface of the rollers, but are divided into two or more separate or parallel belts, placed a suitable distance apart, so as to leave space between for punching the paper and avoid punching the belts. The belts act as gripers on the parts of the paper which are not to be punched, and carry it through the machine without puckeri n g, buckling, or creasing the same, as the pressure of rollers would do if a number of sheets or webs were carried between them at the same time without said belts.

The paper is supplied to the machine from a number of rolls which are supported in suitable hearings on the table Q, which may, if desired form a part of the frame of the punching-machine, although it is shown separate.

The lower belts, N, extend around a roller at the end of the table, and on them the rolls of paper rest, the webs fromthe outer rolls (to the left in Fig. 6) passing under the others, and with them passing on. as they are unwound by the motion of the lower belts, between them and the upper belts, P, and under the punches.

In order to support the rolls of paper so that their weight may not be borne by the belts, supporting-rollers, (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 5,) between which and the rolls of paper the belts pass, or other suitable means, are or may be employed. It is obvious thatinstead of extending the belts N, a separate broad belt could be used to unwind the paper, the belts N being of the same size as those marked P.

To the frame A hand-shears R, for severing transversely the ornamented strips to make them of the desired length, are attached. If desired, the shears could be automatically worked, after a determined interval, by a cam on the main shaft.

It is preferred to feed the paper from rolls in the manner just described but the sheets can be fed to the machine in quires from rectangular bundles. In such cases, in order to avoid the necessity of first cutting or severing the fold to separate the sheets, I make a straight punch across the die in the direction of the feed of the paper, and punch 05 the edge as it passes through the machine. Instead of per, it is desirable, for some purposes, to e1nboss the edges and around the perforations.

For this purpose I form the stripping-plate W as an embossing-die, as indicated in Fig.8, and make the lower die, D, a counterpart, so that at the same movement of the punch-plate the perforations are made and the embossing is accomplished. For this purpose the stripper-plate is made capable of a slight movement in a vertical direction less than the punch-plate. This may be effected in various ways-for example, by supporting the stripper-plate on springs, so that when the punchplate descends it is forced downward to emboss the paper, and when the punch-plate ascends the spring raises it sufficiently to clear the paper and permit the paper to be fed along, while it also acts as a stripper-plate. The embossing-die can be secured to the lower side of the punch-plate, if desired.

In embossing, better work is performed by retaining the die in contact with the paper for a short time. This advantage can be readily obtained by imparting to the punch the required movement from a suitable cam on the main shaft of the machine.

The operation of the machine has already been substantially described.

The punches are made according to the patterns, as indicated in Figs. 3 and 4, and the machine being started, the webs of paper from the rolls are fed under the punches and are by them perforated and scalloped, at the same time being embossed, if the embossing-dies are used. The scalloping may, however, be done subsequently, as already stated. The other parts of the machine may be used with dies and punches of the ordinary patterns.

In proceeding as above I cut at one punchin g only one, or at most two, scallopsin length, as my machine is best adapted for such work; but I do not confine myself thereto, as I can takein any number th at can be accommodated in a perforating-press. I can reverse-the style of punching by perforating out a whole pattern across the width of the paper at right a11- gles to the direction of the feed, as in Fig. 7. The side next to the roll it is preferred should be a straight edge instead of a scalloped one, as shown at S.

If difficulty is found in releasing the cutoff portion from between the die, a portion of the die-plate, at its surface, can be made to move forward to assist in carrying such severed piece away and backward to receive the next cutting; or if, on the other hand, the severed straight edge cannot pass the scalloped holes in the die-plate without catchin g in them and destroying its perfect feeding, then I similarly arrange a portion of the dieplate on the side nearest the roll of paper to slide quickly over the die-openin gs and allow the paper to feed perfectly without catching,

as stated, the said sliding portion of the dieplate moving backward in time for the punches to descend into the die.

The feeding-bands can have holes in them corresponding to the contour of the die-holes, or narrow connecting-strips can be left at the sides and middle of the paper, in order to assist in moving it forward by the feeding-rollers out from between the die. Such connecting-strips can be cut oif by shears or by a second punch with die-holes arranged beyond the-rollers at its proper cutting distance from the scalloped punches. The interlocking pattern of sealloped die can be made to descend on the paper alternately with a straight die to divide the severed sheet that is scalloped at both forward and rear edges 5 or the straight punch can cut in unison with the scalloping-punch by'placing it beyond the rollers, as before stated, for cutting connecting-strips.

The interlocking pattern is shown at T, and a pattern with the two scalloped edges adjacent, but not interlocked, at U.

Paper in quires or other small bundles can be cut in full cross-section in the same manner, and each half drawn outin the proper direction.

As shown at S and U, Fig. 7, the paper be tween the scollops will, of course, be wasted. As shown at T, however, all the paper substantially will be utilized.

Having thus fully described my said invention and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The method of making perforated and scalloped paper, by punching in the paper interlockin g patterns and severing the paper between the patterns, so as to form from a single sheet two or more perforated strips with scalloped edges, substantially as described.

- 2. In the manufacture of perforated and scalloped paper, in which the paper is fed intermittently under suitable punches, the meth- 0d of insuring registry of the several punchings or cuttings by shaping or forming an enlargement at the ends of the pattern punched each time the paper is fed forward, substantially as described.

3. The method of manufacturing scalloped perforated paper from rolls, consisting in intermittently 'drawin g off the webs from a number of rolls and feeding said webs simultaneously to a punching and scalloping ma chine in lengths to correspond with the portions scalloped or cut, and then cutting off the scalloped and perforated strips at the required lengths by transverse cuts, substantially as described.

4. An interlocking pattern for the perforating-die of a machine for scalloping and perfo* ratingpaper, comprising patterns for the edges of two sheets with the points or scallops of the two patterns interlocking with each other, substantially as described.

5. In a machine for punching and embossing papers,a stripper-plate provided With-em- In testimony whereof I have signed this 10 bossing projections or dies, substantially-as specification in the presence of twosubscribdescribed. in g Witnesses.

6. The combination, with the reciprocating v die or punch plate, of the feeding-belts and 'LEBBEUS H. ROGERS. supports for sustaining one or more rolls of paper so as to rest upon the lower feeding- Witnesses: belts, or a belt Worked forward with the same J. O. SAXTON, movement, substantially as described. W. R. BIDDLE.

Images