US2287245A - Furnace wall burner - Google Patents

Description

Patented June 23, 19432 rzgsrg "2,287,245 summon warn. awnin s Frederic Hess, Philadeip hia, Pa, assignor to TheSeias Company, Philadelpa, Pa, a corporation of Eennsylvania Appiication May 3, 193a, set-ran No. 205,681 15 bias. (or. rter) The general object of the present invention is to provide improvements in a furnace of the type comprising a furnace chamber heated by one or more gas burners mounted in thewall of the chamber.

A specific object of the present invention is to provide for the removable mounting in the furnace wall of burner parts which may be put in place, and removed for replacement and repairs, from the outer side of the wall.

Another specific object of the invention is to provide a self-contained burner unit adapted for removable mounting in an opening formed for the purpose in and extending through the wall of the furnace chamber, so that the bumer unit can be withdrawn and replaced, while the.furnace is hot, and without significant disturbance in furnace operating conditions, if, as is usual, the furnace hasa plurality of burners in its wall, so that the temporary removal of a single burner need reduce the rate of heat supply to the furnace but little, if any.

In preferred forms of the present invention, I permanently incorporate in the furnace wall a special perforated refractory burner block for each burner, each such block being formed with a suitably shaped passage to receive a burner assembly having its inner portion formedof refractory material fitting snugly in said passage.

The various features 'of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however; its advantages, and specific objects attained with its use, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which'I have illustrated and described a preferred embodi- 40 Fig. 1 is a section through a portion of a furment of the invention.

Of the drawings:

nace wall and through a burner mounted in said wall;

Fig. 2 is an'end elevation, of the burner shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an axial section of a portion of a modifled burner assembly; and

Figs. 4 and 5 are views, each taken similarly to Fig. 1, and each illustrating a difierent burner assembly modification; 7 I

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, A represents the firebrick or other refractory inner body portion of a wall of a furnace adapted for operation with relatively high furnace chamber temthe present invention, is a corresponding special formedof. so-called heat insulating refractory material, and A represents the outer metallic shell or casing customarily employed in such fur Permanently incorporated in the inner wall body A, to receive each burner removably mounted in the furnace wall in accordance with refractory block B.

Each block B is formed with a through pasv sage open at its inner end to, and extending away from the furnace chamber. As shown in Fig. 1, said passage comprises coaxial inner, intermediate and outer portions. B, B and B3, respec-'- tively. The inner portion B is conical, or tapering in cross section with its smaller end outer- Jacent end of the portion B, the block B having peratures. An outer portion A of said wall, is shoulder E an annular shoulder 13 extending radially outward from the inner end of the portion B to the peripheral wall of the portion B The passage portion B is cylindrical.

In the construction shown in Fig. 1, an externally tapered tubular burner body part C of refractory material is inserted into, and fills, the

tapered passage portion 13*, and has its inner end attached by cement D to the shoulder B of the block B. The passage through the tubular body C is coaxial with the passage thrcughthe block B, and comprises sections. C, C3, C and C. at successively greater distances from the inner face of the furnace wall A. The passage portion C is tapered in the same direction as the block passage portion B, and unites with the latter to form an expanding nozzle portion of the burner tunnel or combustion space. The passage portion C C and C are shown as cylindrical and of progressively increasing diameters, and the wall surrounding the passage portion 0* is formed with a coarse internal screw thread. A burner orifice wall. member E, in the form of a disc of ceramic material, has an inner end por-- tion received in and filling the outer end of the passage portion C and has a larger. diameter outer end portion within the passage portion CF. In the construction shown in Fig. 1, the enlarged outer end portion of the member E does not fill the passage portion C but is surrounded by a ring shaped member F made of refractory metallic alloy material, and having an internally threaded outer end portion and formed at its inner end with an internally extending flange portion F, which abuts against the tapered of the member 'E connecting the tiplicity of relatively "member G, which, as shown,

the margin of ticular construction shown,

' and arebuilt into the 2 peripheral surfaces of the smaller and larger diameter portions of the member. The burner wall member E is shown as formed with a mulfine burner orifices E of polygonal cross section, and'separated from one another by relatively thinwalls, as specified and claimed in my prior Patent 2,103,365, granted Dec. 28, 1937.

positions. Moreover, the burner refractory forms which will give the most satisfactory results in the operation of a'particular furnace, cannot always be determined until the furnace has been 5 built and subjected to test operations.

As shown in Fig. 1 the burner parts C, E and F are secured together, by a metallic burner is a one-piece casting. comprising a plate like outer portion and a tubular inner portion G'. The latter has its inner end threaded into the member F, and in clamping engagement with the outer side of the member E directly, or, as shown, through a gaske'. ring H. The portion G is provided with a coarse external thread at the outer end of the member F, for threaded engagement with the threaded wall of the passageportion C The outer portion of the member G is in the form of a plate of rectangular outline extending transversely to the burner axis, outwardly from the periphery of. the tubular portion G, to overlap the portion of the metallic furnace wall shell Nat the burner opening A therein. The member G is secured to the furnace wall as by means of bolts G connecting it to the shell A a gasket I being interposed between the part G and shell A As shown, the member. G, is formed with an externally extending, internally threaded boss G, for the attachment of a pipe supplying gas, or,- more usually, a combustible mixture of air and gas to the burner. In the parrefractory material surrounds the tubular portion G at the outer end of the ceramic burner body part C. x

The construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 has important practical advantages. non-metallic refractory burner parts including the blocks 3 are molded and fired and none The fact that the burner assemblyis assembledand may be inspectedextemally of thefumace, and that the passageway through each burner block may be inspected when the assembly is not in place, contributes to the prom; juxtaposition of the parts of the burner .assembly, and the proper mounting of the latter in the corresponding burner block passage. The cement joint D between the burner assembly and the block surface 13 is easily broken when necessary forthe a ring J of insulating 5 in e all of the e e s c fact that the entire burner structu'rficludes needs to have its shape altered in the field, erection costs are reduced, and closer tolerances, and

the use of higher grade materials, in the manu- 4 facture of said parts, are permitted than would be possible if the parts were to be manufactured, or modified in shape, by process of erecting the burners therein.

As the burner blocks Bare relatively massive main firebrick portion of comparatively easy to acfurnace and installing the furnace wall. it is I curately position those blocks inthe wall, in the construction of the latter, and there is practically no risk of the subsequent displacement of the blocks, so long as. mains in operative condition.

The accurate shaping of all of the refractory burner parts insures that when a burner sis-'31 sembly is put in place-"in a burner block, the

a field operation in the removal of the burner assembly, and the surface 3* an the end of the burner part .0 may be readily cleaned preparatory to the re-establishment of the cement joint, when the burnerassembly is again put in place in the furnace wall, after first putting cement in place on the small end of the part C.

The use of the metallic clamping ring F practically insures against leakage through the joint between the parts G and E, and provides protection for the latter against accidental injury. The use of a coarse threaded connection between the parts G and C and the relatively large diameter of that connection makes its connection a strong one and makes it possible to apply con-' siderable force to the refractory part C through the metallicpart' G when necessary in unseating and removing the burner assembly. 1

As previously indicated, the fact that the burner assembly may be inserted and removed by an attendant at the outer side of the furnace, not only contributes to the ease of the in-' sertion and removal operation, but permits those operations to be effected with little or 'no'disturbance' in furnace operating conditions. The

no metal exposed to the high temperatures'whicli may exist in the furnace chamber and burner tunnel, contributes to bumer-longevity; reduces the burner construction and maintenance cost,

and adapts the burner to use' with high furnace chamber temperatures. As has been practically demonstrated, such a furnace wall construction.

as isshown in Figs. 1 and 2, is adapted for use with a furnace chamber temperature as high as While the burner assembly illustrated was primarily devised for, and it is expected that its use will be confined mainly to furnace wall use, the burner assembly itself is an operative structure, and is capable of use when it is not mountthe furnace wall re-' relatively movable parts will all be accurately positioned, and, in particular, that the burner block tunnel portion B and the passage portion 0' in the burner body part C will be properly positioned relatively to one another,'as is necespartssary for full burner efliciency. The accurate shaping and fitting together of the parts facilitates the removal of the burner assembly parts for inspection, repairs, or for replacements. The easy replacement of burner assembly parts is particularly important, because of the fact that the-best combustion results requires the use of an orifice member E, having differently proportioned orifices for fuel mixtures of different comed in a furnace wall, and when not inserted in v the block B in which it is normally incorporated."

The divisionofthe'bm'ner assembly into part's it is in the construction shown in Fig. 1, and in the other constructions, hereinafter described, practically eliminates risk of burner assembly failure as a result of relative thermal expansion and contraction of the burner assembly In Fig. 3, I have part CA differing essentially from the part C ,of Fig. 1, in that it comprises an integral burnerwall or orifice portion EA. The latter corre- 4 tends between a tapered tunnel or combustion shaped, relativel positioned, and connected as I illustrated a modified burner construction comprising a refractory burner body space C and an inlet chamber C into which the tubular portion G of the outer metallic bumerl member is threaded. The part CA is readily molded, and is relatively simple in construction I and inexpensive to manufacture, and is inherent-'- ly capable of a long operative life, if made of .refractory material which will not crack or distort in the course of its manufacture and normal use.

To permit burner units for use in furnace walls of various thicknesses, to be assembled for the f most part from standard stock parts, I may eming separate sections or parts GB; GC and GD. 'The parts GB and GC; are shown as'similar,.respectively, to the integrally connected plate and tubular portions of the inember G. The part GD is a nipple, or pipe section, extending bewith grooves L' tween and in threaded engagement with each of the parts GB and GC. The length of the pipe section GD and the length of the surrounding insulation ring J, are each determined by the thickness of the particular wall in which the burner is incorporated. As shown, the part GB is formed at its inner side with lugs (31 extending into, and centering the outer end of the member J.

While all the burner forms described above include an orifice wallof the type of my above mentioned prior Patent No. 2,103,365, the practice of the present invention does not require the use of the special. orifice wall of that patent. On ,the contrary, a burner constructed in accordance with he present, invention may be of the simple, single, orifice and tunnel type, or of other and quite different types.

In particular, it is advantageous in some cases, to employ a burner of the type shown in Fig. 5, wherein the combustible fuel mixture is discharged into a refractory walled combustion space (3 in jets diverging away fromthe burner axis, alongside corresponding portions of the wall of said space. The burner unit assembly shown in Fig. 5 comprises a, conical refractorytending body portion in'the body portion of the member, and an outer end portion L inclined away' from the axis of the burner at approximately the same angle as are the surface elements of .the bevelled end surface of the member K. Said bevelled end surface closes the otherwise open surface outer edge of each in-- clined groove portion L and the. body of the member L similarly closes the otherwise open outer side of the body portion of each groove L.

The previously mentioned combustion space 0 may be described as cup-shaped, with the portions of the surface elements of its wall adjacent the member L, diverging from the burner axis as do the inclined burner tip groovesL The angle of divergence from the burner axis of the burning jets discharged into the space 0 diminishes as the distance fromthe outer end of the combustion space increases, and the wall of the space c is so shaped that the angle of divergence to the burner axis of each surface element ofsaid wall similarly diminishes, so. that the burning jets may be close to the wall of the space 0 at all points along the lengths of the jets, without impingementof' the inner flame cones of the burning jets against said wall.

The burnerconstruction shown in Fig. 5 is the best form of burner known to me for use where itis desirable to effect complete combustion. within the combustion space collectively formed by the space ('3 and the passage portion 3' of Fig. 5, and where it is desirable that l a relatively large portion of the heat liberated 1940, on m prior application, Ser. No. 88,744,

insert consisting of inner and outer refractory bodies CB and CC. The body C13 is formed with the hereinbefore mentioned combustion space 0 which opens to the inner end of the burner block passage portion B. The refractory bodies CB and C0 are connected to an outer plate-like metallic part GE, generally like the part GB of Fig. 4, by a pipe section G threaded at its outer 'end to the part GE, and threaded at its inner end into a tubular part K. The latter is seated skilledin the art that changes maybe made in the form of the apparatus disclosed herein, within a socket 0 formed for the purpose in the" refractory body CB, andopening centrally into the combustion space 0 The part K, which is I be used with advantage without a corresponding I should be radiated into the furnace chamber. A burner including provisions for discharging burning jets into a cup-shaped combustion space in the manner just described, while novel with me, is not claimed herein, but is-claimedin Patent No. 2,215,079, granted September 17,

filed July 3, .1936. The construction shown-in Fig; 5 is shown and described but not claimed per set, in Patent No. 2,215,081, granted September 17,1940, on my prior application, Ser,

No, 162,263,'filed Sept. 30, 1937, of 'which the present application is to be regarded as a continuation in part.

'As will beapparent, in addition to their special advantages, the constructions shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5, have the above mentioned general advantages of the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and while in accordance with the provisions of the statutes, I have illustrated and .described herein the-bestforms of my invention now known to me, it will be'apparent to those but departing from the spirit of my invention as set forth in the appended claims, and that, in some cases, certain features of my invention may use of other features.

and has its inner end surface outwardly flared or bevelled.

A burner tip or orifice member L, preferably formed of ceramic material, comprises an externally threaded body portion which is screwed into the member K, and an outer head portion of larger diameter connected to the body portion by a bevelled surface which is parallel to and bears against the bevelled end surface of the member K. The tip member L is formed Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The combination with a masonry furnace wall, including a molded 'prefired block .of.refractory material permanently mounted in-said wall and having one side facing the furnace chamber and having a passage which extends through said wall and block and comprises a burner seat portion formed in said block, aiid a tubular molded refractory burner body seated in said seat and insertable in and removable from said seat each comprising an axially ex- --wall, including a molded rality-of orifices adapted to of said passage and comprising an it through the outer end of said passage and compris'ing'an orifice wall portion which forms the outer end wall of a combustion space includin the inner end portion of said passage and which is formed with a plurality of orifices adapted to discharge distributed jets of a combustible mixture of air and gas into said combustion space '2. The combination with a masonry furnace prefired block of refactory material permanently mounted in said wall, and having one side facing the furnace chamber and having a passage which extends through said wall and block and comprises a conical burner seat portion formed in said block and having its larger end outermost, and a hol-- low conical molded refractory burner body seated in said seat portion and movable into and removable through the outer end of said seat and comprising an orifice wall portion which forms the outer end wall of a combustion space including the inner end portion ofisaid passage and which is formed with'a plurality of orifices adapted to discharge distributed jets of a combustible mixture of air and gas into said combustion space.

3. The combination with a masonry furnace wall, including a moldedprefired block of refractory material permanently mounted in said wall and having one side facing the furnace chamber and having a passage which extends through said wall and block and comprises a burner seat portion formed in said block, a tu- ,bular molded refractory burner body seated in said seat portion and insertable in and remov-- able from said seat through the outerend of said passage and comprising an orfice wall portion which forms the outer end wall of, a comb-ustion space including the inner end portion of said passage and which is formed with a plu-- discharge distributed jets of a combustible mixture of air and gas into said combustion space, and a tubular metallic burn'er part attached to and extending away from said tubular body to the outer side of said 'wall and adapted to hold said refractory body in said seat portion and to serve as a conduit supplying said mixture to said orifices.

4. The combination with a masonry furnace -wall, including a molded prefired block of refractory material permanently mounted in said wall and having one side facing the furnace chamber .and having a passage which extends through said wall and block and comprises a burner tunnel portion adjacent said side and an adjacent burner seat portion, both of said portions being formed in said block, said burner seat portion having its end adjacentsaid tunnel portion larger in cross section than said tunnel and smaller in cross section than the end of .the seat portion remote from the tunnel, a tubular molded refractory burner body fitting,

- and seated in said seat portion, and movable throughrthe outer end rifice wall intrrand out of the latter portion which forms'the outer end wall of a combustion space including the inner end portion of said passage and which is formed with a plurality of orifices adapted to discharge distributed jetsof a combustible mixture of air and prising an outer metallic casing and a masonry body portion, the latter including a molded prefired block of refractory material permanently [mounted in said wall and having one side facing the furnace chamber, and having a passage which extends through said wall and block,,said passage comprising a burner seat portion formed in said block, a tubular molded refractory burner body shaped to fit in said seat portion and movable into and out of the latter through the outer end of said passage and comprising an orifice wall portion which forms the outer end wall of a combustion space including the inner tachably secured to said metallic casing.

6. A burner assembly adapted for insertion in the outer portion of a burner passage extending through the refractory wall of a furnace chamber, comprising a tubular non-metallic refractory body larger in cross section at one end than at the other and having a portion displaced from its smaller end internally threaded and formed with a plurality of spaced apart bumerorifices and a metallic member comprising a tubular portion extending into said tubular refractory body at the larger end of the latter and in threaded engagement with its threaded portion and adapted to supply a combustible fluid mixture to said orifices.

"l. A burner assembly adapted for insertion in the refractory wall of a furnace chamber, com prising a tubularnon-metallic refractory body formed with a seatintermediate its ends and with an internally threaded end portion, an orifice member of ceramic material and formed with spaced apart orifices and insertable in said seat through said threaded end portion and fitting against said seat and making a gas tight joint therewith, and a metallic member comprising a tubular portion extending into said tubular refractory body and in threaded engagement with its threaded portion and clamping said orifice member against its seat. a

8. A burner assembly adapted for insertion in the refractory wall of a furnace chamber, comprising a tubular non-metallic refractory body larger in cross sectional outline at one and than" at the other and having a portion adjacent its larger end internally threaded, orifice means extending across the passage through said body and providing a plurality of small orifices leading from said internally threaded portion to the portion of said pasage adjacent the smaller end of the body, andjia metallic member comprising a tubular portion extending into said tubular refractory body at the larger end of the latter and in threaded engagement with its threaded p rtion. 4

9. A burner assembly adapted for insertion in the refractory wall of a furnace chamber, com-- prising a tubular non-metallic refractor body formed with a seat intermediate its ends and with an internally threaded end portion, a metallic ring insertable into said seat through said end portion and having a threaded end portion and having an annular seat formed in its other end portion, an orifice member of ceramic material insertable into the last mentioned seat through the threaded end portion of said ring,

tion extending into said tubular refractory body and in threaded engagement with the threaded portions of said refractory body and ring.

10. A furnace wall burner construction comprising a molded block of refractory material adapted to be built into a refractory furnace chamber wall with one side facing the furnace chamber and having a passage which extends from said side to the opposite side of the block and comprises a burner tunnel portion adjacent said side and a burner seat portion having one end adjacent to and larger in cross section than said tunnel portion and smaller in cross section than the other end of said seat portion, a tubular non-metallic refractory burner body shaped-to said other side of the block.

11. The combination with a masonry furnace wall, including a moldedprefired block of refractory material permanently mounted in said wall and having one side facing the furnace chamher and having a passage which extends through said wall and block and comprises a burner seat portion formed in said block, a tubular non-metallic refractory burner body seated in said seat and insertable' in and removable from said seat ture of air and gas into said combustion space v 5 tributed jets of a combustible mixture of air and gas into said combustion space,

13. The combination with a masonry furnace wall, including a molded prefired block of refractory material permanently mounted in said wall and having one side facing the furnace chamber and having a passage which extends through said wall and block and comprises a burner tunnel portion adjacent said side, and

an adjacent burner seat portion formed in said block said burner seat portion having its end adjacent said tunnel portion larger in cross sectional outline than the adjacent end of said tunl nel portion, a tubular refractory burner body fitfit in and movable into and out of said seat portion through the end of said passage adjacent ting and seated in said seat portion and movable into and out of said seat through the outer end of said passage and comprising an orifice wall portion which forms the outer end wall of a combustion space including the inner endportion of said passage and which is formed with a plu-' rality of orifices adapted to discharge distributed jets of a combustible mixture of air and gas into said combustion space, and cement in the joint between the inner end of body and the adjacent portion of said block.

14. A burner assembly, comprising an elongated one-piece non-metallic refractory body adapted to extend into and plug a passage in the refractory wall of a furnace chamber and formed with a combustion space in its furnace end chamber portion and with an inlet chamber in' its other endiportion and with an integral orifice wall between said space and chamber and a meand cement providing a frangible seal for the joint betweensaid seat and'body.

wall-and having one side facing the furnace chamber and having a passage which extends through said wall and block and comprises ,a burner tunnel portion adjacent said side, and an adjacent burner seat portion formed in said block said burner seat portion having its end adjacent said tunnel portion larger in cross section than the adjaent end of said tunnel portion, a tubular non-metallic refractory burner body fitting and seated in said seat portion and movable into and out of said seat through the outer end-of said passage and comprising an orifice wall portion which forms the outer end wall of a combustion space including the inner end portion of said passage and which is formed with a plurality of orifices adapted to discharge distallic member mechanically connected to said body and comprising a tubular conduit portion opening into said inlet chamber. 1

15. A burner assembly comprising a tubular non-metallic refractory burner body adapted for insertion in a passage in the refractory wall of a furnace chamber and comprising an orifice wall portion-which forms the outer end wall of a combustion space including'the inner end portionof said passage and which is formed with a plurality of orifices adapted to discharge dis-- r tributed jets of a combustible mixture of air and Y mEoEar o 0. uses.

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