US2285289A - Card punching machine - Google Patents

Description

2 c. D. LAKE ET AL June 2, l/`942.

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' ration of a bill.

, totalizer.

Patented June 2, 19u42 UNITED Y STATES PATENT OFFICE CARD PUNCHING MACHINE Clair D. Lake, Binghamton, and Francis E.

Hamilton, Endicott, N. Y., assignors to International Business Machines Corporation, New vYork, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application March 26,1941, serial No. 35,274

' 23 claims. v (el. 16s-113) novel intercontrols which may be provided. be-` tween record punching means and any suitable typewriter in which information is typed within spaced, predetermined fields on successive lines provided to coordinately eject a record card and line space the work sheet.

It is desired to punch the information typed in a particular field of a line of the work sheet ina predetermined, assigned field of the record card. Another object is to provide means for coordinating the spacing of a field of the work of a work sheet, as, for example, in the prepa- However, for purposes of the disclosure, the invention is preferably applied to apparatus which includes the typewriter-computing machine of our application, Serial No. 305,792, filed November 24, 1939. In this machine, each item of a bill is typed on a different line of a work sheet. Such an item may involve multiplication of two factors, as quantity and price. These factors are manually typed in assigned quantity and price fields of the bill sheet and entered, as a-result of their being typed, in a value retaining means. After the factors have been typed, multiplying means receives the factors from the value retaining means and obtains their produce. If the item is a debit, the product is automatically typed in a debit extension field, and entered additively into a totalizer. If the item is a credit, the operator depresses a credit key and, as a result, the product is automatically typed in a credit extension field and entered subtractively, by complement addition, in the totalizer. For a simple credit amount-one not involving multiplicationthe operator depresses the credit key, then manually types the credit amount in the credit extension field and, as a result, the amount is subtractively entered in the When a plurality of lines of items have been typed on a bill and the balance is required, the operator depresses a total key and brings the total extension field of the bill to typing position. The balance is then automatically typed in the total field.

It is desired to punch tabulating or record cards with the information typed on the bill. 1

`on a work sheet. Stated differently, this object is to provide means for coordinating each line spacing operation of the work sheet with the feed of a new record card into punchinglposition. It may also be stated as an object that means are sheet to typing position with the positioning of a predetermined card field in punching position; Stated in another way, the object is to provide means for delaying the punching of information in a predetermined field of the record card until this record. field and the field of the work sheet intended for receiving the typed information are both in theirl respective recording positions. Again, it is also an object to delay typing of the information in a field of the work sheet until the record field intended to be punched with this information is in punching position.

Another object of the invention is to provide novel classification controls to cause punching of a special designation in the record card to denote a special classification for an item-being typed. Thus, the total item may be distinguished by punching a special designation in a certain column of the record card While a credit item may be distinguished by punching of a special designation in a different column of the record card. It is an object, further, to control such special classification punching by classifying means including therein the credit and total keys and credit total detecting means.

Each bill field for receiving a value has a predetermined number of columns. amount to be typed in the field has a less number of columns, the typewriter space bar is operated to effect intraline spacing to skip the columns of the bill field preceding the column for receiving the first significant figure. The record card field assigned for receiving the amount which is typed in the bill field has a correspond' ing number of columns. However, it is not desired toleave blank those columns of the record field preceding the column to be punched with the first significant figure. Hence, an object of the invention is to provide means controlled by the aforesaid skipping operation of the space bar for punching zero designations in the columns of the record field preceding the column to contain writer, the invention contemplates the alterna-w tive control of the zero punching `by the zero digit key and the space bar.

Another object is to provide means for ejecting a card and ufeeding in a new one as a result of operation of an error key which also clears inadvertent errors out of the computer.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following description and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which disclose, by way of example, the principle of the invention and the best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view, showing the calculator and typewriter units, and the circuit cable to the punching device.

Fig. 1a is a chart giving the full names of certain control keys shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 2 is a side View of a selector switch used in the machine.

Fig. 3 is a section along lines 3-3 of Fig. 1, through the product bankof the calculator.

Fig. 3a is a diagrammatic view of a readout commutator order of the total bank.

Fig. 4 is a section view showing the elusive one means of the total bank.

Fig. 5 is asection along lines 5-5 of Fig. 1, showing the drive clutch means of the calculator.

Figs. 6 and 7 are sections along lines 5-5 and 1 -1, respectively, of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the reset means o'f an accumulator bank.

Fig. 9 is-a section through the typewriter.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of carriage-operated contacts in the typewriter.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the punch unit.

Fig. 12 shows a fragment of a record card punched with a line of typed information.

Fig. 13 is a fragment of a bill prepared by the machine.

Fig. 14 is a partly sectional elevational view of the punching unit.

Fig. 15 is a sectional viewA through the punching unit taken behind the section plane of Fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is an elevational View of eject means in the punching unit.

Fig. 17 is a view of release key means in the punching unit.

Fig. 18 is a detail section along lines I8-I8 of Fig. 16.

Fig. 19 is a detail view of the escapement means and related parts.

Fig. 19a is a broken, detail View of the skip bar.

Figs. 20a and 20h are timing charts, and

Figs. 21a to 21g are views showing the circuit diagram.

THE Bru.

Fig. 13 shows a fragment of an illustrative bill which may be prepared by the machine. The bill sheet has the usual heading area to receive the heading and, below the heading area, has the item area toreceive lines of items. The item area is divided into vertical fields, which, from left to right, are the code number field (Lot No), the quantity field (QU), the dollars orders field of the Price section, the tens and units cents orders field of the Price section, the Description field, the dollars field of the Debit section, the

the description field. The heading area may thus be considered as part of the description field.

The bill items may be debit or credit items, only a few of which are shown in Fig. 13. The first item of the illustrative bill is a computed debit. The item on lin 4 is a computed credit while the item on line 5 is a simple credit. The net balance or total is typed below the last item.

RECORD CARDS (Fig. 12) The machine is to punch record' cards with the information typed in the body of the bill. One record card is to be punched for each item and total typed on the bill. The code used in the present case is the well-known Hollerith code in vwhich a single perforation in a card column in one of the index position 9 to 0 designates the corresponding value. The card is divided into several fields of which the three left hand fields correspond to the similarly designated fields of the bill (Fig. 13). Columns I5 to 32 are adapted to be punched with pattern card information. Columns 33 to 4l) constitute the amount eld which may be punched with the amount typed in the debit, credit, or total sections of the bill. To' differentiate a total card from item cards, the total card will be punched in column I with an X or 11 perforation. To differentiate a credit from a debit card, the credit card will be punched in column 35 with the X perforation. Fig. 12 shows the card corresponding to line I of the bill.

THE TYPEWRITEB. UNIT Referring to Figs. 1 and 9, the typewriter unit TU is of a well known kind, the general princi.

ples of which may be found in Patents Nos. 1,777,055 and 1,873,512. Depression of a key I0 releases a latch I I from a cam- I2, permitting the cam to be forced by a lever I3 against a friction roller I4 constantly rotated b-y the typewriter motor.` As cam I2 engages the roller I4, it is rocked together with its carrier I5 in a direction to depress the connected link I6. This link, through linkage I1, propels the type bar I8 against the sheet on platen I9, thereby typing the character corresponding to the operated key. Towards the end of the stroke of the type bar, it strikes a universal member 20 which, through a link 2|, actuates the escapement control 22 to cause an intraline or character spacing operation of typewriter carriage 23. Operation of the space bar SP also causes a similar intraline spacing.

The carriage return means including a key CR depression of which initiates automatic action of the carriage return mechanism, which may be of the kind disclosed in Patent No. 1,955,614.

The tab spacing means is of the automatic type, such'as disclosed in Patent No. 1,935,436, and includes the tab key TAB, depression of which initiates automatic action of the tabular spacing mechanism to effect tab spacing in accordance with the setting of the tab stops (not shown). The tab stops are set in accordance with the required lateral spacing of the lists or vertical elds of the bill (Fig. 13) to be prepared.

Mounted on the frame behind typewriter carriage 23 isa normally open switch 24 (see Fig. 10). An extension 25' of the left margin stop 25 closes the switch when the carriage is returned to the beginning of the line.

The carrier I5 of each of the digit keys has an insulating roller 26 for engaging the adjacent quantity and price key,..when depressed, 28, and the depression of the tab key similarly closes a pair of related contacts 28.

A solenoid 38 is associated with each digit key, the carria'ge return key, the tab key, and the assenso l ciated contacts 28 and 28p. The carriage return closes associated contactsspace bar.` Energization ofa solenoid 80 acts through linkage 3l to depress the associated element automatically. l

' 'I'he typewriter unit also is provided with several control keys including an error key EK; a credit key CK, a total key TK, and a total and resetkey TRK, each closing contacts which atre shown in the circuit diagram, Fig. 2Ia.

Also included in the typewriter unit, in addition to the usual typewriter motor switch SW-T, are a three-pole switch SW-L, a product bank reset switch SW-PR, and asummary punch gang lswitch SW-SP (see Figs. 1 and 21a).

The functions of the switches, the special keys, the key contacts, and the key solenoids will be explained hereinafter in detail in connection with the circuits.

THE CALCULATOR UNIT Drive.-Referring to Figs. 1 and 5, the motor M-C rotates a shaft 32 to which is fixed a toothed driving clutch disk 33 adapted to be engaged by a clutch dog 34 carried by a clutch arm 35 fixed to the calculator cycle shaft 36. 'Ihe clutch dog and arm are normally latched by a lever 31 and associated rebound latch 31. The latch lever is provided with an armature portion 38 associated with a clutch magnet 40. Energization of the clutch magnet releases lever 31 from the clutch dog and arm, causing the clutch dog to engage a notch of the driving disk 33 and thus couple shaft 36 to shaft 32 least one revolution.

Accumulator banks.-The calculator unit has two accumulator banks ACC-P and ACC- T, respectively the Product and Total banks. The general construction of these'a'ccumulator banks is similar to that disclosed in Patent No. 1,976,617. Briefly, shaft,36, through gears 4I (see Fig. 3) rotates a shaft 42 acting, through gears 43, to rotate a shaft 44. The latter shaft, through individual clutch connections selectively rendered effective by double coil entry magnets CM, one for each order, drives gears 45, each meshed with a gear 46 on an indicator Wheel 41, rotatably mounted on a shaft 48. Gear 45 is meshed also with a gear 49 of the rotor 5U associated with the same denominational order or column of the readout commutator PRO (see Fig. 2lb) of the product bank as the indicator wheel. This product bank commutator is similar to the readout commutator o'f Patent No. 1,976,617. The gear ratio between shaft 44 and the rotor 50 is such as to cause the rotor to make 4 one revolution for two of the indicator wheels.

The rotor 50 of each column hastwo diametrically opposite brushes or feelers 5I, alternating into the total bank, the elusive "1 for at during successive cycles, in engaging the collector ring 52 of the column and the segments 53-0 to 9 common to two adjacent columns.

The product bank is used to obtain `the product-of two factors, which, for thelillustrative bill (Fig. 13), are the numbers under the headings A total bank ACC-T is used to obtain a balance of the items on one or more bills. 'The itemsmay be either debit or credit items. The

debit may be considered as the plus item, while the credit item may be considered as the minus item. The debit amounts are entered additively or as plus numbers into the total bank, while the credit amounts are entered substractively,

as complements. The readout commutator TRO (Fig. 2lb) of the total bank is similar in principle to those disclosed in Patents Nos. 2,007,375, and 2,045,437. One order of this commutator is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 3a and comprises axially spaced plus and minus collector rings respectively wiped by plus and minus brushes carried by rotors, other but which are commonly operated by one gear 49 in step with the operation of the indicator wheel 41 of the same order. There are two diametrically opposite minus brushes and.

two similarly disposed plus brushes, and while one plus brush is wipingthe plus collector ring, the opposite plus brush is traversing the commutator segments 0 to 8. The minus brushes are one step behind the plus brushes, so that with the plus brush on the 0 segment, one minus brush is on the 9 segment and the opposite minus brush on the minus collector ring.- Simi.- larly, with the plus/brush on the I, 2, 3, or 9 segment, the minus brush is on the 0, I, 2, or 8 segment.

In entering the complement of a credit item must be added to the units order. I The elusive 1 means vis such as disclosed in Patent No,` 1,976,617. Referring to Fig. 4, the elusive "1 magnet ELM, upon energization, releases armature latch 55 from the' rockably mounted'arm carry over pawl 51 (also see Fig. 3) engaged with the carry arm 58 of the units order wheel 41. The release of arm 56 permits a spring 59 to rock the arm 4rearwardly against the carry bail 60. After the digit entry portion of an accumulator cycle (see Fig. 20a), a cam 6I (Fig. 4) on shaft 42 acts, through a lever 62 linked to bail 60, to rock the bail forwardly, thereby returning the carry arm 56 into latching engagement with the armature latch 55 of the meanwhile deenergized magnet ELM. As the arm 56 is restored, the pawl 51 engages a tooth of carn'58 to move the units order wheel 41 one step, adding the elusive "1 to the units column of the total bank.

The carry over mechanism between adjacent orders of the accumulator banks is such as disclosed in Patent No. 1,976,617 and includes carry cams 58 and pawls 51 for each of different orders, their carriers 56, latches 55, bail 60, link 62, and cam 6i. When an' indicator wheel, during the entry period, moves from 9 to 0, a high tooth of the associated carry cam 58 rocks the follower pawl 51 to an extent sufficient to cause a laterally extending ear 51' thereof to rock the latch 51 of the next higher order downwardly so as to release the arm 56 of the latter order. The operation of bail 68, after the entry period, rocks the released arm 56 to cause the pawl 51 carried thereby to advance the latter order one step.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 8, the reset means for the accumulator banks is of the type disclosed in Patent No. 2,049,690. There is a reset magnet RM for each bank, energization of which causes rotation of the shaft 48 of the indicator wheels of the related bank to effect resetting of the indicator wheels and the other, connected eleinsulated from each 56l which supports the'

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