US2284743A - Pickling agent for copper-beryllium alloys - Google Patents
Pickling agent for copper-beryllium alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2284743A US2284743A US385690A US38569041A US2284743A US 2284743 A US2284743 A US 2284743A US 385690 A US385690 A US 385690A US 38569041 A US38569041 A US 38569041A US 2284743 A US2284743 A US 2284743A
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- Prior art keywords
- copper
- solution
- alloys
- pickling
- beryllium alloys
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/20—Other heavy metals
Definitions
- This invention relates to metallurgy and more particularly to pickling solutionsfor use in the removal of surface scale and oxides from copper-beryllium alloys.
- the cast alloy In the manufacture of articlescomprised of copper-beryllium alloys the cast alloy must be subjected to hot Working and heat-treatment operations prior to any cold mechanical deformation of the same and prior to such cold mechanical deformation the scale on the surface of the alloy must be removed. Frequently also the cold worked alloy must be heattreated to anneal the same, resulting in surface discolorations due to oxidation.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an effective pickling agent for the removal of surface scale and oxides from said alloys.
- a caustic alkali aqueous solution particularly .a strong or concentrated caustic alkali solution containing from 25 to 50% caus
- a caustic alkali aqueous solution particularly .a strong or concentrated caustic alkali solution containing from 25 to 50% caus
- sodium agent is deleteriously affected.
- the caustic alkali concentration within the range 40-50%, the sodium tic alkali, such as a 50% (by weight) NaO H,
- the amount of sodium cyanide in the caustic alkali solution may be varied widely without 'essential departure from the present invention.
- the pickling solution above identified may be employed as a combined pickling and quenching bath for Cu.Be alloys.
- the metal In the mechanical deformation of Cu.Be alloys, it is frequently necessary to heat treat the metal to temperatures known in the art as beta-solutioning temperatures for prolonged time intervals. Following such heat-treatments the metal is cooled rapidly to preserve the solid solution structure formed at the temperature of treatment in order to condition the metal for cold mechanical deforma tion.
- Such heat-treatments are frequently practiced during both hot and cold mechanical deformation and invariably result in considerable -the preceding heating step.
- a pickling agent for removing scale and metalo'li des from the surface of copper-beryllium cor? y mi AVAILABLE cow alloys said agent consisting of water containing up to 50% (by weight) of a caustic alkali and up to 10% (by weight) of an alkali cyanide.
- a pickling agent for removing scale and metal oxides from the surface of copper-beryllium alloys comprising a caustic soda and sodium cyanide aqueous solution, the concentration of said caustic soda approximating 40-50% (by weight) and the concentration of said sodium cyanide approximating 510% (by weight).
- the method of removing surface scale and metal oxides from copper-beryllium alloys which comprises immersing the same in a pickling bath comprised of an aqueous solution containing from 25-50% caustic alkali and sodium cyanide from small but efiective amounts up to about 10%.
- the method of removing surface scale and metal oxides from copper-beryllium alloys which comprises immersing the same in a pickling bath s comprised of an aqueous solution of caustic soda and sodium cyanide heated to elevated temperatures within the range 80100 C.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Description
. solution.
Patented June 2, 1942 BEST f i PICKLING AGENT FOR COPPER-BERYLLIUM ALLOYS Henry Kawecki, Temple, Pa., and Wayne E. Martin, Bayside, N. Y., assignors to The Berylw York, N. Y., a corporalium Corporation, Ne tion of Delaware No Drawing. Application March 28, 1941, Serial No. 385,690
6 Claims.
This invention relates to metallurgy and more particularly to pickling solutionsfor use in the removal of surface scale and oxides from copper-beryllium alloys. In the manufacture of articlescomprised of copper-beryllium alloys the cast alloy must be subjected to hot Working and heat-treatment operations prior to any cold mechanical deformation of the same and prior to such cold mechanical deformation the scale on the surface of the alloy must be removed. Frequently also the cold worked alloy must be heattreated to anneal the same, resulting in surface discolorations due to oxidation. One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an effective pickling agent for the removal of surface scale and oxides from said alloys. Another object is to provide a pickling solution that is relatively inexpensive, readily corrosive towards copper and beryllium oxides but substantially non-corrosive towards the alloy per se and a solution that is useful over substantially prolonged time intervals towards successive batches of said alloy. Still another object is to facilitate the surface cleaning of copper-beryllium alloys. Other objects and advantages will be apparent as the invention is more fully hereinafter disclosed.
In accordance ,with these objects, we .have discovered that a caustic alkali aqueous solution, particularly .a strong or concentrated caustic alkali solution containing from 25 to 50% caus In general we add only a small amount of sodium agent is deleteriously affected. For most pickling operations on cold Cu.Be alloys we prefer to maintain the caustic alkali concentration within the range 40-50%, the sodium tic alkali, such as a 50% (by weight) NaO H,
solutions towards BeO and CuO increases with increase in temperature and with increase in caustic alkali concentration up to about 50% but decreases with increase in cupric ions in the We have found that by adding an alkali cyanide to the caustic alkali solution,\ thereby providing'free cyanide ions in the solution, the cupric salts formed on solution of CuO in the alkali solution are converted into complex cuprous cyanide compounds and the solution activity of the caustic alkali solution thereby is maintained at its maximum at any given temperature and range of caustic alkali concentration.
The amount of sodium cyanide in the caustic alkali solution may be varied widely without 'essential departure from the present invention.
cyanide concentration within the range 5-l0%, and the temperature of the solution within the range 80-l00 C. a
As a modification of the present invention, the pickling solution above identified may be employed as a combined pickling and quenching bath for Cu.Be alloys. In the mechanical deformation of Cu.Be alloys, it is frequently necessary to heat treat the metal to temperatures known in the art as beta-solutioning temperatures for prolonged time intervals. Following such heat-treatments the metal is cooled rapidly to preserve the solid solution structure formed at the temperature of treatment in order to condition the metal for cold mechanical deforma tion. Such heat-treatments are frequently practiced during both hot and cold mechanical deformation and invariably result in considerable -the preceding heating step.
It is believed apparent from the above description-that the present invention may be widely varied without essential departure therefrom and all such modifications and departures are contemplated as may fall within the scope of the following claims.
2. A pickling agent for removing scale and metalo'li des from the surface of copper-beryllium cor? y mi AVAILABLE cow alloys, said agent consisting of water containing up to 50% (by weight) of a caustic alkali and up to 10% (by weight) of an alkali cyanide.
3. A pickling agent for removing scale and metal oxides from the surface of copper-beryllium alloys,,said agent comprising a caustic soda and sodium cyanide aqueous solution, the concentration of said caustic soda approximating 40-50% (by weight) and the concentration of said sodium cyanide approximating 510% (by weight).
4. The agent of claim 3, heated to temperatures approximating 100 C.
5. The method of removing surface scale and metal oxides from copper-beryllium alloys which comprises immersing the same in a pickling bath comprised of an aqueous solution containing from 25-50% caustic alkali and sodium cyanide from small but efiective amounts up to about 10%.
6. The method of removing surface scale and metal oxides from copper-beryllium alloys which comprises immersing the same in a pickling bath s comprised of an aqueous solution of caustic soda and sodium cyanide heated to elevated temperatures within the range 80100 C.
H. C. KAWECKI. W. E. MARTIN.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US385690A US2284743A (en) | 1941-03-28 | 1941-03-28 | Pickling agent for copper-beryllium alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US385690A US2284743A (en) | 1941-03-28 | 1941-03-28 | Pickling agent for copper-beryllium alloys |
Publications (1)
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US2284743A true US2284743A (en) | 1942-06-02 |
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US385690A Expired - Lifetime US2284743A (en) | 1941-03-28 | 1941-03-28 | Pickling agent for copper-beryllium alloys |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2419805A (en) * | 1943-05-06 | 1947-04-29 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Inhibiting alkali dissolution of glass |
US2440837A (en) * | 1943-07-28 | 1948-05-04 | J H Shoemaker | Metal cleaning composition |
US2442802A (en) * | 1945-09-07 | 1948-06-08 | Ici Ltd | Cleaning of metals |
US2483996A (en) * | 1944-06-02 | 1949-10-04 | Sk Wellman Co | Method of reconditioning backing members having powdered material facings |
US3069296A (en) * | 1961-06-23 | 1962-12-18 | Bell Aerospace | Method for removal of iron nitride |
US3416962A (en) * | 1964-08-05 | 1968-12-17 | Sperry Rand Corp | Preparing etched substances for vacuum deposition of a metal thereon |
US3646946A (en) * | 1969-01-06 | 1972-03-07 | Olin Mathieson | Copper alloy cleaning process |
US3728155A (en) * | 1969-01-06 | 1973-04-17 | Olin Corp | Copper alloy cleaning process |
-
1941
- 1941-03-28 US US385690A patent/US2284743A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2419805A (en) * | 1943-05-06 | 1947-04-29 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Inhibiting alkali dissolution of glass |
US2440837A (en) * | 1943-07-28 | 1948-05-04 | J H Shoemaker | Metal cleaning composition |
US2483996A (en) * | 1944-06-02 | 1949-10-04 | Sk Wellman Co | Method of reconditioning backing members having powdered material facings |
US2442802A (en) * | 1945-09-07 | 1948-06-08 | Ici Ltd | Cleaning of metals |
US3069296A (en) * | 1961-06-23 | 1962-12-18 | Bell Aerospace | Method for removal of iron nitride |
US3416962A (en) * | 1964-08-05 | 1968-12-17 | Sperry Rand Corp | Preparing etched substances for vacuum deposition of a metal thereon |
US3646946A (en) * | 1969-01-06 | 1972-03-07 | Olin Mathieson | Copper alloy cleaning process |
US3728155A (en) * | 1969-01-06 | 1973-04-17 | Olin Corp | Copper alloy cleaning process |
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