US2283232A - Cooling of gaseous mixtures - Google Patents

Cooling of gaseous mixtures Download PDF

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Publication number
US2283232A
US2283232A US326466A US32646640A US2283232A US 2283232 A US2283232 A US 2283232A US 326466 A US326466 A US 326466A US 32646640 A US32646640 A US 32646640A US 2283232 A US2283232 A US 2283232A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cold
heat
regenerator
regenerators
insulating material
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Expired - Lifetime
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US326466A
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English (en)
Inventor
Schuftan Paul Maurice
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BOC Group Ltd
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British Oxigen Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of US2283232A publication Critical patent/US2283232A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
    • F28D17/02—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using rigid bodies, e.g. of porous material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles

Definitions

  • Thismventin relates to the cooling of gaseous mixtures, and is particularly applicable to a process and apparatus for precoling and prepurif'ying gaseous mixtures in periodically alternating regenerators or cold storers.
  • coke-oven gas for example, water vapour
  • the gas can now be precooled to a lower temperature than would be possible if no cold shield were provided.
  • the amount of impurities left in the precooled gas will not be decreased but there is the advantage of operating with a reduced working pressure with a considerable Saving in power; in the latter case the amount of impurities is reduced in profportion to the increased working pressure.
  • the cold required for establishingl the cold shield may be derived fromV any convenient source of cold.
  • a part of the fluids from a later cooling stage may be diverted and circulated around the peripheral portions of the storage material.
  • a part of the reirigerating medium in the cycle may be diverted for this purpose in liquid or gaseous form.
  • FIG.'1 shows in elevation and somewhat diagrammatically a pair ofregenerators encased in the usual lagging
  • Fig. 2' is a plan view of Fig. l, the lagging over- 25 lying the regenerators being removed in order to expose the cold shield;
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are sectional drawings of lparts of the apparatus on an enlarged scale, showing the preferred shape and method of mounting o ⁇ i the cold shield;
  • Fig. 5 depicts a diagrammatic representation of a process according to the invention.
  • regenerators S and l each containing a storage mass and aras indicated by the arrows 'A and B.' the coldest 40 parts of the. regenerators being at the upper ends.
  • the regenerators are, in accordance with the invention.. provided with a cold shield, which in the example illustrated is 4 shown to be a helical tube l through which a liqueiied gas is circulated, the inlet being at the upper end of regenerator l and the outlet at the lower end of regenerator l, the direction of cold rows C and D.
  • the liquid will be vaporlsed after traversing'some of the turns, say ilve turns, of the helical tube 9.
  • the pitch of the helical tube in- 1 A Vcreases progressively towards the lower end: the 255 pitch is determined by the temperature gradient in the regenerators and the heat. transfer conditions.
  • tube 9 may be secured directly to the wall I0, as,
  • the helical tube may, in cross section, be circular, rectangular, or other convenient shape, but it is preferred that the side adjacent to the regenerator wall be substantially tlat, as is shown in the drawing, in order to provide good heat transfer conditions betweenV the tube and the regenerator.
  • regenerator I When separating air, for example, the major portion of the-air is compressed to a slight pressure and passes through regenerator l, as shown by the arrows in the ⁇ gure relative to a single reversalperiod, it being assumed that regenerator I has been precooled in the Aprevius period as described infra. 'I'he air' then passes into a separating device I, whichmay be of any appropriate form, such as a rectiilcation column with the usual condenser and vaporiser, as those skilled in the art 'will understand.
  • the minor iluid through the tube being indicated by the arportion of the air is compressed to a high pressure, is cooled in a tubular heat'interchanger 2,
  • the amount of cold gasV passed through the cold shield may diminish progressively or in stages towards the warm end of the regenerators.
  • the storage mass of the regenerator may be housed within the -inner vessel of a double walled container, the
  • any convenient cooling medium may be used, but in the case of a liquid A its boiling point should be at a temperature somewhat lower than the lowest temperature to which the gas traversing the regenerators has to be cooled.
  • either liquid nitrogen or liquid oxygen may be uid from at least one tubular heat exchanger.
  • An improved heat transfer device for precooling and prepurifying a gaseous mixture which comprises a regenerator surrounded by heat insulating material, and a helical conduit extending around the regenerator for conveying a heat absorbing uid whereby heat passing through the heat insulating material from external sources' to the regenerator can be absorbed.
  • a process for precooling and prepurifying a gaseous mixture which comprises passing a gaseous mixture through a precooled regenerator chamber whilst passing a fraction of cold gas Y through a second chamber of a pair of alternating regenerator chambers surrounded by heat insulating material, and absorbing heat from the portions of said insulating material surrounding the chambers, from which cold losses occur in an amount suicient to compensate for heat absorbed by said insulating material from external sources.
  • a process for precooling and prepurifying a gaseous mixture which comprises passing a gaseous mixture through a precooled regenera- ⁇ tor chamber whilst passing a fraction ot cold gas through a second chamber of a pair of alternating regenerator chambers surrounded by heat insulating material, and passing through a restricted path in the portions of said heat insulating material surrounding the chambers kfrom passing one .of said highly compressed portionsinto a tubular heat exchanger having a heat absorbing medium, expanding said highly compressed portion through an expansion valve,
  • An improved heat transfer device for pre-u cooling and prepurifying a gaseous mixture which comprises a pair of alternating regenerators surrounded by heat insulating material, and a conduit in said heat insulating material forming a cold shield over said regenerator walls from which cold losses occur, a huid at a temperature sufliciently low to absorb heat passing through the insulating material from outside to the heat transfer chambers, whereby heat from external sources is compensated.
  • a process for precooling andvprepurifying a gaseous mixture which comprisespassing a gaseous mixture through a precooled regenerator chamber whilst passing a fractionvof cold sas through a second chamber o! a pair of alteinating regenerator chambers surrounded by heat insulating material, and passing back and forth through a restricted path in said heat insulating material surrounding the vchambers from which cold losses occur, a fluid at a temperature sumciently low to absorb heat passing through theV insulating material from outside -to the heat transfer chambers, whereby heat from externa sources is compensated.
  • An improved heat transfer device for precoolingfand prepurifying agaseous mixture which comprises alpair of alternating regenerators surrounded by heat insulating material, and a conduit passing back and forth in said heat"insu lating ⁇ materialforming a cold shield overl said regenerator walls from which' cold losses occur for conveying a heat absorbing duid therethrough whereby heat from external sources passing through said heat materlal' can be absorbed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
US326466A 1939-03-24 1940-03-28 Cooling of gaseous mixtures Expired - Lifetime US2283232A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9283/39A GB526654A (en) 1939-03-24 1939-03-24 Improvements in or relating to the cooling of gaseous mixtures

Publications (1)

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US2283232A true US2283232A (en) 1942-05-19

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US326466A Expired - Lifetime US2283232A (en) 1939-03-24 1940-03-28 Cooling of gaseous mixtures

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BE (1) BE438426A (en))
GB (1) GB526654A (en))

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2586207A (en) * 1948-01-20 1952-02-19 Joy Mfg Co Accumulator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2586207A (en) * 1948-01-20 1952-02-19 Joy Mfg Co Accumulator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE438426A (en))
GB526654A (en) 1940-09-23

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