US2281599A - Method for weighting textiles - Google Patents
Method for weighting textiles Download PDFInfo
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- US2281599A US2281599A US272595A US27259539A US2281599A US 2281599 A US2281599 A US 2281599A US 272595 A US272595 A US 272595A US 27259539 A US27259539 A US 27259539A US 2281599 A US2281599 A US 2281599A
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- Prior art keywords
- urea
- weighting
- textile
- hygroscopic
- compound
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 31
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- MOMKYJPSVWEWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(chloromethyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=NC(CCl)=CS1 MOMKYJPSVWEWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 3
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 235000019983 sodium metaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009963 fulling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010002 mechanical finishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000051 modifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000010228 Erectile Dysfunction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000220010 Rhode Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GURHHFWPTWRLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O.OB(O)O GURHHFWPTWRLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
- D06M11/55—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur trioxide; with sulfuric acid or thiosulfuric acid or their salts
- D06M11/56—Sulfates or thiosulfates other than of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
- D06M13/432—Urea, thiourea or derivatives thereof, e.g. biurets; Urea-inclusion compounds; Dicyanamides; Carbodiimides; Guanidines, e.g. dicyandiamides
Definitions
- This invention relates to the treatment of fibrous textile materials, more particularly. textile fabrics or cloth, and it especially relates to the finishing and weighting of such textile materials.
- Sugar is objectionable because it caramelizes during the course of treatment of the goods in the mechanical finishing processes of drying, ironing, steaming, pressing and the like. Moreover, sugar is also liable tobe objectionable because it is extremely hygroscopic in steamy atmospheres where it gets sticky.
- finishing treatments are herein referred to generically as finishing treatments because they are applied at the last or finishing stage of manufacture of the textile materials.
- weighting is especially important in finishing textiles made from natural fibrous materials such as cotton, which lose weight during the various processing steps.
- a fulling and softening treatment might be advantageous however, on any type 'of textile material which tends to be stifi, including artificial as well as natural materials.
- the weighting materials are quite different physically and chemically from the softening agents.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a textile weighting composition which will not tender the goods when used in large amounts as occurs with metallic salts hitherto employed in the art which tend to produce acid when heated on the cloth.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a textile weighting composition which will not cloud or dull the colors of designs on the goods.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a textile weighting composition which will weight the goods without destroying their softness or become discolored when it is applied to the fabric, especially where heat is used for drying of the goods.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a weighting material which will largely volatilize when the fabric is burned and therefore will provide a fabric which is low in the ash which may occur.
- a further object of the invention is to provide goods which after treatment, are more fire resistant than similar goods weighted with the usual textile weighting materials, and to reduce the infiammability of the material by raising the ignition temperature of the goods.
- a further object of the invention is to provide an unctuous type of textile weighting material which will render the goods rather pliable and soft so that they will have a nice feel and handle.
- a non-hygroscopic compound or one of low hygroscopicity which is adapted for use as a weighting composition and possesses properties of existing in a dry state when on the cloth at ordinary atmospheric conditions can be made by the mixture of two strongly hygroscopic substances with or without additions of other chemical materials to the resulting compound for imparting various other desired properties thereto in which the mixture essentially comprises a soluble, hygroscopic, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, preferable urea, intimately associated with a substance capable of exerting a modifying action on the urea to an extent sufiicient to suppress or render impotent the normal hygroscopic properties of the urea at ordinary atmospheric conditions.
- this modifying agent I preferably employ a solid weak acid or a salt substance capable of reducing the hygroscopic qualities of urea when dried down from mixed solutions of the same, such as boric acid, gluconic acid, lactone, tartaric acid, citric acid, or magnesium salts, specifically magnesium sulphate, or calcium chloride.
- a solid weak acid in a dry finely divided condition such as boric acid or a fatty acid such as stearic acid or some other fatty acid which is solid at ordinary temperatures.
- a conditioning agent comprising an alkali metal phosphate, such as tetra-sodium pyrophosphate or sodium metaphosphate; and the following gives a more detailed description of the present embodiments of this invention, illustrating the preferred means by which these advantageous results may be accomplished.
- compositions for use in weighting textiles I may utilize these ingredients in the following proportions:
- the urea should be present in amounts not less than 50% nor more than 90% of the total weight of the composition.
- the urea is the chief component of the weighting material and although the urea is more expensive at present than are many of the conventional textile weighting materials on the market, such as, for example, dextrines, magnesium sulphate or sugar, it is nevertheless more desirable even at its greater expense because goods treated with urea will be properly weighted without becoming discolored or clouded.
- boric acid because the boric acid is an unctuous type of material and provides a smooth or slippery tendency in" the material and will not stick to the electric ironing shoes or the cushionin blankets in a 'Sanforizing finishing unit.
- the tetra sodium pyrophosphate constituent of the compound acts as a bufler and assures the maintainance of the pH value of the compound on the correct side of alkalinity.
- the above first specific example gives a pH of 8.3.
- the fatty acid is employed to increase the unctuous property of the material, making it slippery and does not tend to increase the hygroscopic efiect of sogginess to a material treated with the above ingredients.
- starch or modified starches, or 'dex trines may be incorporated by a customer as an added ingredient to this mixture to impart a certain degree of stiifness thereto, and this may be done since there is no chemical combination of the starch with the compound ingredients of urea.
- the treated cloth does not act sticky as is true when urea and starch alone are used. If the starch is present in a very small amount, the stiffening eflect of the starch will be apparent without its taking up too great moisture and as the urea in the cloth, after treatment by this composition, will be in a combined form as urea borate, I'have, therefore, provided a new textile weighting compound free from a hygroscopic effeet on the starch if any is used. The starch does not combine with urea.
- Epsom I which comprises saturating the textile material salts in which case, it forms the double salt quemcmmn'
- boric acid employed tends to reduce the hygroscopic efiect'of the urea
- Epsomsalt magnesium sulphate
- urea which also is hygroscopic
- the relative proportions in this combination of magnesium sulphate and the urea may be varied widely, the urea being present in the above proportions of 50 to 70.
- This product also overcomes the acidity as it has an a1kaline reaction and will. serve as a very effective weighting agent and by the overcoming of the hygroscopicity of the magnesium sulphate a bet- 2 ter weighting compound is formed and by use of the urea as a predominant part of the compound ,1 the other desirable eiIects from the use of the urea are had, such as above enumerated.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
Patented May 5, 1942 2.281.599 METHOD FOR WEIGHTING 'rax'rnns Willard L. Morgan, Cranston, R. I., assignor to Arnold, Hoffman & o. ration of Rhode Island No Drawing. Application May 9, 1939, Serial N0. 272,595
3 Claims.
This invention relates to the treatment of fibrous textile materials, more particularly. textile fabrics or cloth, and it especially relates to the finishing and weighting of such textile materials.
, In the treatment of textile fabrics, such as cotton, it is customary to subject the cloth to soap scouring, kier boiling, mercerizing and bleaching operations prior to dyeing or printing. The bleaching and securing action sometimes causes the cotton to lose 10% to or even of the natural gums and oils normally present in the fibres. To regain this weight the cotton has heretofore been treated with various loading or weighting materials including metallic salts, such as magnesium sulphate, calcium chloride, or similar compounds. Sugar has also been used for this purpose. Many objections have been raised to the use of such metallic salts inasmuch as these cause tendering of the goods and in some countries it is forbidden to import textile materials containing them. Sugar is objectionable because it caramelizes during the course of treatment of the goods in the mechanical finishing processes of drying, ironing, steaming, pressing and the like. Moreover, sugar is also liable tobe objectionable because it is extremely hygroscopic in steamy atmospheres where it gets sticky.
It is also common practice in the textile industry to incorporate various substances into the textile fibres so as to make them pliable and soft,
e. g., oils, fats, glycerine and the like. Ordinary dextrins, thin-boiling starches and similar materials are also used to coat the fabrics but such coating materials produce a hard finish on the oods. g Both of the foregoing treatments are herein referred to generically as finishing treatments because they are applied at the last or finishing stage of manufacture of the textile materials.
It is to be observed, however, that there are a number of points of distinction between weighting and the various'fulling and softening treatments, For instance, weighting is especially important in finishing textiles made from natural fibrous materials such as cotton, which lose weight during the various processing steps. A fulling and softening treatment might be advantageous however, on any type 'of textile material which tends to be stifi, including artificial as well as natural materials. In present practice, as will be apparent from the foregoing discussion, the weighting materials are quite different physically and chemically from the softening agents.
The use of starches or substances containing starchy matter in some of the mechanical finishing processes, such as Sanforizing process, has
not proven entirely satisfactory, however, due to the fact that the blanket of the machine against which the goods are pressed gets wet because of Incorporated, a corpothe sticky hygroscopic nature of the starches and tends to ,collect considerable accumulations of starch to an objectionable extent, which material is very difilcult to remove besides interfering with the satisfactory operation of the machine. This objectionable condition is also true of the electrically heated ironing shoes in the Sanforizing machine and by reason of the hard accumulations of starch sticking to the shoes the cloth is subjected to abrasion and often is caused to tear. It has been previously proposed to use a textile weighting composition consisting of an intimate mixture of urea and starch; however, it is found that the objectionable sticky hygroscopic eifect is still present and is accentuated by the highly hygroscopic urea when the combination of urea and starch in an aqueous solution is dried down therefrom.
It is accordingly one of the objects of the present invention to overcome the above diiilculties and provide a textile weighting composition which will not be hygroscopic when on the cloth at ordinary atmospheric conditions, and also a material which may have either an alkaline or a neutral or very weak acid characteristic when used in an aqueous solution.
Another object of the invention is to provide a textile weighting composition which will not tender the goods when used in large amounts as occurs with metallic salts hitherto employed in the art which tend to produce acid when heated on the cloth.
Another object of the invention is to provide a textile weighting composition which will not cloud or dull the colors of designs on the goods.
Another object of the invention is to provide a textile weighting composition which will weight the goods without destroying their softness or become discolored when it is applied to the fabric, especially where heat is used for drying of the goods.
Another object of the invention is to provide a weighting material which will largely volatilize when the fabric is burned and therefore will provide a fabric which is low in the ash which may occur.
A further object of the invention is to provide goods which after treatment, are more fire resistant than similar goods weighted with the usual textile weighting materials, and to reduce the infiammability of the material by raising the ignition temperature of the goods.
A further object of the invention is to provide an unctuous type of textile weighting material which will render the goods rather pliable and soft so that they will have a nice feel and handle.
In accordance with my invention I have discovered that a non-hygroscopic compound or one of low hygroscopicity which is adapted for use as a weighting composition and possesses properties of existing in a dry state when on the cloth at ordinary atmospheric conditions can be made by the mixture of two strongly hygroscopic substances with or without additions of other chemical materials to the resulting compound for imparting various other desired properties thereto in which the mixture essentially comprises a soluble, hygroscopic, crystalline, nitrogenous substance, preferable urea, intimately associated with a substance capable of exerting a modifying action on the urea to an extent sufiicient to suppress or render impotent the normal hygroscopic properties of the urea at ordinary atmospheric conditions. For this modifying agent I preferably employ a solid weak acid or a salt substance capable of reducing the hygroscopic qualities of urea when dried down from mixed solutions of the same, such as boric acid, gluconic acid, lactone, tartaric acid, citric acid, or magnesium salts, specifically magnesium sulphate, or calcium chloride. In addition, I may add, for the purposes of imparting an unctuous quality to the composition, a solid weak acid in a dry finely divided condition such as boric acid or a fatty acid such as stearic acid or some other fatty acid which is solid at ordinary temperatures. Furthermore, in order to promote reaction of the desirable pH (5-10) in the bath when the compound in used for the treatment of textiles, I may add, in some cases, a conditioning agent comprising an alkali metal phosphate, such as tetra-sodium pyrophosphate or sodium metaphosphate; and the following gives a more detailed description of the present embodiments of this invention, illustrating the preferred means by which these advantageous results may be accomplished.
As a specific example of one composition for use in weighting textiles, I may utilize these ingredients in the following proportions:
As another example, I may use magnesium sulphate in lieu of boric acid and sodium metaphos phate instead of the tetra-sodium-pyrophosphate in the above formula and in .the same quantity thereof, the proportions of the other ingredients therein set forth remaining the same. V
I have found that the urea should be present in amounts not less than 50% nor more than 90% of the total weight of the composition. The urea is the chief component of the weighting material and although the urea is more expensive at present than are many of the conventional textile weighting materials on the market, such as, for example, dextrines, magnesium sulphate or sugar, it is nevertheless more desirable even at its greater expense because goods treated with urea will be properly weighted without becoming discolored or clouded. I use with this urea, boric acid because the boric acid is an unctuous type of material and provides a smooth or slippery tendency in" the material and will not stick to the electric ironing shoes or the cushionin blankets in a 'Sanforizing finishing unit. The presence of the boric acid with the urea, possibly in a combined relation when on the fabric, prevents $3 a great extent a high hygroscopicity of the dried compound. The tetra sodium pyrophosphate constituent of the compound acts as a bufler and assures the maintainance of the pH value of the compound on the correct side of alkalinity. The above first specific example gives a pH of 8.3. The fatty acid is employed to increase the unctuous property of the material, making it slippery and does not tend to increase the hygroscopic efiect of sogginess to a material treated with the above ingredients.
Another property that this mixture of ingredients has is that, when mixed with cold water, the compositions will dissolve readily and it is not necessary that any heat be applied in order that the materials may be worked.
If desired, starch or modified starches, or 'dex trines, may be incorporated by a customer as an added ingredient to this mixture to impart a certain degree of stiifness thereto, and this may be done since there is no chemical combination of the starch with the compound ingredients of urea.
acid, and as the starch is relatively non-hygroscopic, the treated cloth does not act sticky as is true when urea and starch alone are used. If the starch is present in a very small amount, the stiffening eflect of the starch will be apparent without its taking up too great moisture and as the urea in the cloth, after treatment by this composition, will be in a combined form as urea borate, I'have, therefore, provided a new textile weighting compound free from a hygroscopic effeet on the starch if any is used. The starch does not combine with urea.
Prior investigations have shown that urea and magnesium or calcium salts, which are both very hygroscopic, will when mixed in solution and dried down give double salts which are relatively non-hygroscopic. (See Journal of American Chemical Society, vol. 59, pages 570-1, 1937; vol. 58 pa e 1975, 1936.) I have foreseen the desirability of using these compositions for textile weighting, the advantages of which, besides their reduced hygroscopicity, are their very low cost, the production of clear glassy transparent deposits, and an elimination of the embrittling and tendering actions on the goods which frequently occurs when using magnesium or calcium salts Percent by weight Urea 50 to Magnesium sulphate 50to30 1 On drying this mixture on cloth, I believe it deposits thereon double salts such as 88045 [CO(NH2) 12 MKSO4.5CO(NHI) 2.21120 M8SO4.6CO(NH2) 2.2H2O
3(NO3) 24CONH22H2O 8804111120 M8SO4.CO (NHa) 2.31120 MgSO4.CO (NHz) 2 Obviously other relative proportions of these substances may be used and I may add boric acid to secure an unctuous quality or sodium metaphosphate to increase-alkalinity. Calcium chloride may be used in place of Epsom I which comprises saturating the textile material salts in which case, it forms the double salt cacimcmmn' While the boric acid employed tends to reduce the hygroscopic efiect'of the urea, it is found that if Epsomsalt (magnesium sulphate) which is often used as a weighting material in the usual treatment of textiles and which is exceedingly hygroscopic, is combined with urea which also is hygroscopic, that the resulting chemical combination of the magnesium sulphate and urea is non-hygroscopic. The relative proportions in this combination of magnesium sulphate and the urea may be varied widely, the urea being present in the above proportions of 50 to 70. This product also overcomes the acidity as it has an a1kaline reaction and will. serve as a very effective weighting agent and by the overcoming of the hygroscopicity of the magnesium sulphate a bet- 2 ter weighting compound is formed and by use of the urea as a predominant part of the compound ,1 the other desirable eiIects from the use of the urea are had, such as above enumerated.
Having thus described several illustrative embodiments of my invention and the best made known to me for carrying out my method, I desire it to be understood that although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for the purpose of limitation, the scope of the invention being defined and limited only by the terms of the appended claims.
I claim:
1. In the weighting of textiles,- the process of treating textile materials with a compound having the general formula: MgS04.R in which R represents a member of the urea group consisting of 4(CO(NH2) 2 5CO(NH:) 2.23220 6C0(NH2) 2.2Hz0 CO (NHr) 2.3H2O and COCNHa) 2 in a mixture consisting of magnesium sulphate and urea in mixed aqueous solutions of the same, said urea being in a quantity of from to above-named and in of the weight of the total mixture, and then dryin the treated textile material to obtain thereon a double salt formation of the. resulting compound of this mixture corresponding to the general formula above-named and in solid form.
2. In the weighting of textiles, the process of treating textile materials with a compound having the general formula: X.R in which X represents a member selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulfate, M8804 and calcium chloride, CaClz and in which R represents a member of the urea group consisting of in a mixture consisting of said compound and urea in mixed aqueous solutions of the same, said urea being in a quantity of from 50% to 90% of the weightof the total mixture, and then drying the treated textilematerial to obtain thereon a double salt formation of the resulting compound of this mixture corresponding to the general formula above-named and in solid form.
3. In the weighting of textiles, the process of treating textile materials with a compound having the'general formula: CaClaB in which R represents a member of the urea group consisting o 4(CO(NH:) l2 5CO(NH2)2.2H2O 6CO(NHa)2.2H2O CO(NH2):. 3H2O and comm):
which comprises saturating the textile material in a mixture consisting of calcium chloride in mixed aqueous solutions of the same, said urea being in a quantity of from 50% to 90% of the weight of the total mixture, and then drying the treated textile'material to obtain thereon a double salt formation of the resulting compound of his mixture corresponding to the general formula solid form.
WILLARD L. MORGAN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US272595A US2281599A (en) | 1939-05-09 | 1939-05-09 | Method for weighting textiles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US272595A US2281599A (en) | 1939-05-09 | 1939-05-09 | Method for weighting textiles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2281599A true US2281599A (en) | 1942-05-05 |
Family
ID=23040463
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US272595A Expired - Lifetime US2281599A (en) | 1939-05-09 | 1939-05-09 | Method for weighting textiles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2281599A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2423556A (en) * | 1943-04-17 | 1947-07-08 | Heyden Chemical Corp | Hygroscopic liquid composition and the process of softening paper with said composition |
| US2524049A (en) * | 1947-03-25 | 1950-10-03 | Paul W Garbo | Production of biuret |
-
1939
- 1939-05-09 US US272595A patent/US2281599A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2423556A (en) * | 1943-04-17 | 1947-07-08 | Heyden Chemical Corp | Hygroscopic liquid composition and the process of softening paper with said composition |
| US2524049A (en) * | 1947-03-25 | 1950-10-03 | Paul W Garbo | Production of biuret |
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