US2278329A - Scraper - Google Patents

Description

March 31, 1942. A. D. MGCOLLUM SCRAPER Filed March 15, 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VENTUR. 1 1:: BULL UP] A UHM.

HTTIJRNEYS- March 31, 1942. A. D. MOCOLLUM SCRAPER Filed March l5, 19 39 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INYENTURL I HLVlE PJCQULLUPI HTTEIR'NEPS.

March 31,1942. A, D, 'MQCOLLUM SGRAPER Filed March 15, 1959 4 Sheet-Sheet s .H R Um E. T N NE H W m M m m WHM.

March 31, 1942. I A. D; MQCOLLUM 2,2

QSCRAPER Filed March 15, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 HTTDR'NEPE.

Patented Mar. 31, 1942 UNITED STATEE P OFFICE 6 claims;

This invention relates to-improvem'ents in that type of earth moving apparatus known as carrier scrapers constituting a single machine for both scraping up a load of earth and transport ing the load to the point at which it is desired to dump the same.

Carrier scrapers of this type usually comprise a scoop or bowl mounted on suitable wheels or running gear and adapted to be lowered. toward the surface of the ground to scrape up a load of earth into the bowl, after which thebowl'is elevated slightly so that it may be transported on the wheels to the location at which the load is to be dumped. To prevent the loss of the load during transporting, a front gate or apron is provided adapted to be closed against the front or scraping edge of -the bowl during the transportation operations but adapted to be opened during the scraping and dumping operations. To facilitate the dumping of the load, an ejector blade or sweep is usually provided to sweep through the bowl and force out such parts of the load as do not fall out freely by gravity.

It is an object of this invention to provide a carrier scraper of the type described in which an arcuate shaped bowl is employed'with an ejector and an apron so coupled together that movement of the apron to its fully open position is accompanied by a sweeping of the ejector through the full arc of the bowl. 1

Another object of the invention is to provide a carrier scraper of the type described wherein the coupling between the ej'ector'a'nd apron is so arranged that a substantial opening movement of the apron may take place before any substan 1 tial sweeping action is performed by the ejector.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carrier scraper of the type described wherein the ejector blade is so mounted on the bowl as to sweep through the bowl with a forwardly directed wedging action on the load within the bowl.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of the following description. In the accompanyingdrawings forming a part of this specification and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 55, Fig. 2. I

In the accompanying drawings wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 5 designates a frame which is mounted upon dual rear wheels 6 and I. By viewing Figs. 1 and 3 it will be noted that each of these dual Wheels are pivoted about a horizontalpivot as shown at 8, thus permitting the samev to rock through a few degrees of are to accommodate for unevenness in the ground. The front of the frame is supported by forwardly extending braces which connect to a vertical post 9 in. which is slidably secured a rack H; which is pivoted as at l2 to a dolly l3 having-dual wheels l4." Within the vertical post 9 is mounted a wear block. l6 which may be adjusted by a bolt. I! to maintain the teeth of the rack l I in proper mesh with the teeth of a pinion l8 connected to a shaft [3.

Secured to the frame 5 is a load digging and carrying bowl 2|, the bottom and rear walls of which are formed as an are extending through about one quadrant from a horizontally extending lower apron edge rearwardly and upwardly to a substantially vertically extending upper rear edge. The front edge of the bottom of the bowl is formed with an earth cutting or scraping blade 22 so that when the front end of the frame 5 is lowered toward the ground surface and the machine is drawn forward, the blade 22 will cut the earth and scrape it into the bowl.

At the center of curvature for the arc of the bowl bottom is a shaft 23, which shaft may be 0 rotated through a gearing arrangement, best illustrated in Fig. 1, where it will be noted that va drive shaft 24 is geared to rotate a shaft 26 which has gears meshing with gears carried on shafts 21, (see Figs. 1 and 3) which shafts in turn are geared to rotate the cross shaft 23. The shaft 23 has a pair of apron and ejector operating arms or levers 28 rigidly secured thereto to be rotated by the shaft 23.

An ejector or sweep blade having a length substantially equal to the width of the inside of the bowl 2| is coupled to the arms 23 by pivot connections engaging an ejector blade at about the mid point of its width while the upper edge portion of the ejector blade is provided with brackets 3| to which are pivotally connected links 32 which are in turn pivotally connected to the bowl as by a cross shaft 33 journaled in upwardly extending brackets or projections '34 on the bowl 2i. It is, of course, understood that the upper edge of the scoop is provided with a suitable bracing frame 3%. The free ends of the arms 28 extending forwardly of the shaft 23 are connected through the medium of links 31 to the side arms 38 of an arcuately shaped front gate or apron 39, the cross shaft 4| serving to pivot the apron 39 upon the bowl for movement about an axis spaced from but parallel to the axis of the arms 28 between a closed position, as shown in full linesin Fig. 3, with its lower edge abutting and closing the front edge of the bowl, and any of its partially open or fully open positions.

With this construction the shaft 23 may be partially rotated to move the apron 39 to a partially open position, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4, to provide an entrance opening into the bowl 2| at the edge of the scraper blade 22. When the apron is in this partially open position, the arms 28, links 22 and ejector blade 29 will be in the positions shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4 with the ejector blade disposed well above the load carrying space of the bowl 2|. The forward end of the frame 5 is lowered so as to bring the scraper blade 22 into scraping contact with the ground surface and then forward movement of the machine will scrape earth into the bowl until a desired load has been accumulated in the bowl 2|. The shaft 23 is then rotated in the opposite direction (counterclockwise) to move the apron 39 to its closed or full line position, as viewed in Fig. 4, and the front end of the frame 5 is then elevated to support the scraper blade 22 well out of contact with the ground surface so that the machine may now be used as a transport to carry the load of earth to the location where it is desired to dump the load.

Upon arriving at the dumping point, the shaft 23 is rotated to swingthe arms 28 in a clockwise direction, thus raising the apron 39 to its full open position as shown in dot-dash lines in Fig.

.4, this movement being accompanied by a downward and forward movement of the ejector blade 29 through the load carrying space within the bowl 2|.

By reason of the linkage connections between the ejector 29 and the bowl 2|, the lower edge of the ejector blade 29 will sweep down through the bowl 2| along a path coincident with the arposition with the same amount of rotation of the power shaft 23. Thus the apron may be moved to an open position providing a relatively great space through which the contents of the bowl may be discharged before any sweeping or forcing of the load by the ejector blade 29 occurs.

A still further advantage of the linkage connection of the ejector blade 29 as described herein lies in the fact that when the blade 29 is in its uppermost position the surface of the blade 29 is disposed substantially horizontally, thus maintaining the center of gravity of the machine at a relatively low level without sacrifice of the wedging action of the blade upon the load as it is swept down through the bowl.

It will thus be seen that my device will accomplish all the objects above set forth.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be takenas a preferred example of the same and that various changes relative to the material, size, shape and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing fromthe spirit of the invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a device of the character described, an adjustable supporting framework, a digging bowl mounted on said frame, a shaft extending across said bowl, arms mounted on said shaft, an ejector blade carried by said arms, means for rotating said arms to move said ejector through said bowl, a second shaft extending across said bowl and having an apron pivoted thereon, and links connecting said arms to said apron, whereby said apron is moved away from said bowl when said ejector moves therethroughl 2. In a device of the character described, a digging bowl, a frame for supporting said bowl above a ground surface, means for raising and lowering the forward end of said frame, a scraper blade carried by said bowl and capable of engaging a ground surface when the forward end of said frame is lowered, an apron pivotally mounted on said bowl and co-operating with said bowl to form a substantially semi-circular load carrying structure, an ejector blade movable through said cuate shape of the bottom of the bowl while the upper edge of the scraper blade 29 will swing through an arc of shorter. radius and about a diiferent center from that traversed by the lower edge of the ejector blade. The result of this linkage connection will be that the ejector blade 29 will have a forwardly directed wedging action on the load within the bowl throughout the entire movement of the ejector through the bowl, thus tending to forwardly shift the topmost parts of the load before the lowermost parts of the load are engaged by the ejector.

This permits the application of a minimum amount of power to the ejector blade 29 as distinguished from the power which would be required if the blade were moved only about a single center through a single arc since under those conditions the initial movement of the ejector blade would be to press downwardly upon the entire load and would require the shifting of the entire load before any of it would be pressed out over the forward edge of the bowl.

An additional advantage of the linkage is that the initial movement of the ejector blade 29 toward the load space of the bowl 2| is relatively small as compared with the distance through which the apron 29 moves away from its closed bowl to eject the load therefrom, a pair of cross shafts extending through said bowl, one of said shafts serving to pivotally mount said apron, the other of said shafts pivotally supporting ejector carrying arms, and links connecting said arms and said apron, whereby said apron and said ejector may be moved simultaneously.

3.. In a scoop, a digging bowl including an arcuate rear and bottom wall; arms pivoted to the bowl adjacent the center of curvature of the rear and bottom Wall; an earth ejector carried by said arms and arranged to swing forwardly through said bowl to discharge earth therefrom; a load retaining apron pivoted to the bowl for swinging movement about an axis spaced from and parallel to the pivotal axis of the arms; and links operatively connecting the apron to said arms, whereby said apron and said ejector may be moved simultaneously; and means for so moving said apron and ejector.

4. In a device of the class described, a digging bowl, a pair of arms, means pivoting one of said arms on each side of said bowl, an ejector blade supported upon said arms, means for rotating said arms to move said ejector blade through said bowl, an apron for closing the front of said bowl, means pivoting said apron on, said bowl for movement toward and away from the front of said bowl about an axis parallel to and spaced from the pivotal axis of said arms, and links connecting said arms and said apron whereby the apron is moved away from said bowl front when said ejector blade moves through said bowl.

5. In a device of the class described, a digging bowl, an ejector blade for sweeping through said bowl to eject contents therefrom, and a linkage system for mounting said ejector blade on said bowl including a lever pivoted to the bowl and engaging said blade at some predetermined point along the width of the blade, and a link, shorter than said lever, pivoted to said bowl at a point spaced above the level of the lever pivot and engaging said ejector blade at a point on the width thereof spaced above said predetermined point whereby when said blade is moved downwardly through the bowl from its rearmost and uppermost position the blade will be rotated from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position during the first portion of said movement and provide a forwardly directed wedging action on said loadas said ejector continues its movement downwardly through said bowl.

6. In a device of the class described, a digging bowl including an arcuate rear and bottom wall, an ejector blade for sweeping through said bowl to eject contents therefrom, and a linkage system for mounting said ejector blade on said bowl including an arm pivoted to the bowl and engaging said blade at some predetermined point along the width of the blade, and a link, shorter than the lever, pivoted to said bowl at a point spaced above the lever pivot and engaging the blade at a point along its width spaced from said predetermined point, the spacing and length of said link and lever being so selected that as the ejector blade is in its uppermost and rearmost position the width of said blade is disposed substantially horizontally and when the blade is moved downwardly through said bowl the lower edge of said blade will accurately follow the arcuate contour of said bowl while the width of said blade assumes a substantially vertical position during the initial downward movement of the blade.

ALVIE D. MCCOLLUM.

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