US2275104A - Grating structure - Google Patents

Description

2 sheets-'sheet 1 G. G. GREULlcH SEATING STRUCTURE Filed Dec. 29, 1937 /rw I March 3, 1942.

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March 3, 1942- G. 'G. GREULlcH GRATING STRUCTURE' 2 shams-sheetv 2 Filed Dec. 29, 1937 F`IE-E- Patented Mar. 3, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,275,104 GnA'rnvG s'raUC'rUnE" Gerald G. Greulich, Mount Lebanon, Pa.

Application December 29, 1937, Serial No. 182,350

(ci. 18s-s2) 1 Claim.

f assembled in the ileld, and subsequently lled with concrete, or other material. Due to the severe usage to which they are subjected, yconsiderable diiiiculty has beenhad in attempting to properly distribute the various shearing and bending stresses.

In my Patent No. 2,089,891, granted August 10, 1937, there is disclosed a grating structure which very eectively distributes both positive and negative moment as well as shearing stresses, and particularly those which are directed laterally. Further, this patent discloses the provision of a grating structure comprising horizontal bars which are transversely connected, or laced," by transversebars which, when in assembled position, have their upper bars substantially flush or slightly below the upper edges of the longitudinal bars, together with elements which may optionally be used to illl the spaces between the longitudinal bars and thus serve to retain the filling material and thereby prevent its coming into contact with the structure upon which the grating of the invention is adapted to rest.

In an application entitled Grating structure and tiled concurrently herewith, I have disclosed and claimed a device which provides increased bearing area for the .transverse bars over that which is inherent in the device of my Patent No. 2,089,891; and one which also eliminates sharp re-entrant angles in the notches `of the longitudinal bars,

It is among the objects of the present invention to provide a grating structure having not. only the advantages ascribed to those of the patent and application hereinbefore mentioned but one which, in a'ddition, provides increased rigidity. In addition. the device ot the present invention is, like that or the copending application, intended for use as an open flooring and provides for increased traction.

The foregoing and other objects will be apparent after referringto the drawings, in which: Figure l is a fragmentary plan of the device of `the invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary-end elevation ot the device of Figure 1;

, Figure 3 is a sectional view on the line III-III of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a sectional view on the line IV-,IV of Figure l;

Fig. 5y is a fragmentary elevation of \a transverse bar.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary elevation o! a modiiled transverse bar.

Fig. '1 .is a fragmentary elevation of a modinedtertiary bar.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary perspective of the bars of Figs. 6 and 'I in operative relationship.

Referring more particularly'to the drawings, the numeral 2 designates the web of the longitudinal bar of the invention, which is provided on its edges with a head a and a foot 4.' Adjacent their heads 3, the longitudinal bars are?.-pro vided on their webs 2 with'enlargements or ribs 6 which project from both sides thereof. These' enlargements 6 are substantially rectangular in`- section and may extend the full length of the longitudinal bars.

A plurality of novel L-shaped slots l are arranged in the web 2 of each ci' the longitudinal bars immediately below the head 3, and in such manner as to have their longest portions extending along its axis, which provides a shorter downwardly extending portion 8. The downwardly extending portions 8 of each of the L-shaped slots extend into the enlargements or ribs 6. 'Ihe corners of the slotsl are rounded.V as shown'at l, in order to reduce tendency to tear.

In installing the grating structure, the longitudinal bars are arranged in parallel spaced relationship with their L-shaped slots 1 in substantial alignment.

The transverse or lacing bar oi the invention is indicated at 9, and is substantially rectangular in cross-section. Each of the transverse bars l is provided on one of its edges with a plurality of recesses I0 having concave bottom walls, as at I2. The side walls I2* of the recess i8 conform substantially to a portion of the head 3 of the longitudinal bars.

In installing the transverse bars 9, they are inserted through the longest portions of the L-shaped slots 1, until the various recesses Il are immediately below the heads 3 of the longitudinal bars. The transverse bars 0 are then rotated approximately degrees which permits the bottom walls I2 ofthe recesses It to engage the bottoms of the heads 3 of the longitudinal bars, and the upper or .outer edges of the transverse bars l will be materially elevated with respect to thev corresponding edges of the longitudinal bars.

The transverse bars 9 are welded to the longitudinal bars at diagonally opposite corners of the union while in this position as indicated at il.

The function of the enlargements S which project from the sides of the webs 2 of the longitudinal bars is to provide more bearing area, for the transverse or lacing bars 9. Thickening the metal in this manner at the point of bearing decreases bearing pressures while, at the same time, permitting the use of a web which is otherwise thin.

Referring particularly to Figures l, 2, 3 and 5 of the drawings, it will be noted that the upper or outer edges of the transverse bars 9 are deeply notched, as at i6, to receive the full width of the longitudinally extending tertiary bars I1. According to a modification which is illustrated in Figures 6, 7, and 8, the longitudinally extending tertiary bars herein designated as Il* may also be notched, as at I8, to interlock with shallower notchesi6* in the transverse bars 9. In either case the transverse bars 8 and longitudinally extending tertiary bars (i1 or I1) are welded at diagonally opposite corners of the union, as indicatednt 20. According to both constructions, it is a feature of the present invention that the upper edges of the longitudinally extending tertiary bars (I1 or I'l) will be approximately, if not exactly, ush with the upper edges of the longitudinal primary bars, but the upper edges of the transverse bars 8 extend materially above them to present a higher wearing surface, as previously mentioned.

It is to be noted that the foregoing assembly is such that the transverse bars 9 extend transversely with respect to the direction of traillc represented bythe arrow of Figure 1. This provides for excellent traction.

While I vhave shown and described several speciiicembodiments of the present invention, it

will be seen that I do not wish to be limited exactly thereto, since various changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as deflnedgby the following claim.

I claim:

A metal grating assembly adapted to be used as flooring for bridges, subway covers and the like, comprising a plurality of main bars arranged in spaced parallel relation, said main bars being provided with longitudinally extending thickened portions intermediate their upper and lower longitudinal edges and with aligned apertures spaced from each other and from the upper and lower longitudinal edges of the bars. said apertures extending into said thickened portions, a plurality of transverse `bars and a plurality of auxiliary longitudinally extending bars. said transverse bars being disposed to extend through the apertures of adjoining main bars, the upper edges of the assembled transverse bars A being notched to conform to the section of said main bars above said apertures, said transverse bars beingprovided with substantially uninterrupted lower edges and being of such a .height and the notches in the upper edges thereof being of such a depth that the upper edges of the assembled transverse bars will occupy a plane appreciably above the plane of the upper edges of said main bars, said transverse bars being provided with notches extending downwardly from their upper longitudinal edges and said longitudinally extending auxiliary bars being provided with notches in their lower longitudinal edges. and said longitudinally extending auxiliary bars being adapted to be received in the notches in the upper edges of said transverse bars and to receive said transverse'bars in the notches in their lower longitudinal edges, the notches in said transverse bars and in said longitudinally extending auxiliary bars being of such depth as to position said longitudinally extending auxiliary bars below the upper edges of said transverse bars with the upper edges of the longitudinally extending auxiliary bars occupying substantially the same plane as the upper edges of said main bars, whereby the upper surface of said grating constitutes a plurality of open spaces rectangular in shape and of approximately uniform size, said size being equal in one direction to the distance between two adjacent transverse bars and in the other direction less than the distance between two main bars.

GERALD G. GREULICH.

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