US2089891A - Grating structure - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 10, 1937. e. G. GREULICH 4 GRATING STRUCTURE Filed May 21, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet l 1937. G. G. GREULICH GRATING STRUCTURE Filed May 21, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 5 Sheets-Sheet s M. m QM. m

m m hm mm w E W, 1937. e. e. GREULlC H GRATING STRUCTURE Filed May 21, 1934 Patented Aug. 10, 1937 UlTED STATE PA ENT OFFICE I Gerald G. Greulich, Pittsburgh, Pa, assignor to Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corporation, a corporation of New Jersey Application May 21, 1934, Serial No. 726,778 2 Claims. '(01. '12-'21) This invention relates to grating structures, and more particularly to those such as are used for reenforcing heavy duty flooring fordecks and bridges, subway or vault covers, loading platforms,

and the like.

In constructions of this type, the grating is usually made of metallic elements which are assembled in thelfield, 'and subsequently filled with concrete, or other material. Due to the severe 1o usage to which theyare subjected, considerable difficulty has been had in attempting to properly distribute the various shearing and bending stresses.

It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide a novel grating structure which will very effectively distribute both positive and negative moment as well as shearing stresses, and

' particularly those which are directed laterally.

Another object is to provide a novel device 0 of the class described which may be easily and cheaply manufactured, and rapidly installed in the field. v

A still further object is the provision of a novel grating structure whichwill be incapable of moving in any direction with respect to the concrete or other filling material, but one which will at the same time provide free access for the filling material to unite with the object upon which the grating structure rests, if such is desirable.

A still further object is to provide a grating structure comprising horizontal bars which are transversely connected, or laced, by transverse bars which, when in assembled position, have their upper edges substantially flush or slightly below the upper edges of the longitudinal bars, together with elements which may optionally be used to fill the spaces between the longitudinal bars and thus serve to retain the filling material and thereby prevent its coming into contact with the structure upon which the grating of the invention is adapted torest.

These and still further objects will be apparent after referring to the drawings, in which:

Figure l is a fragmentary plan of the device of the invention.

Figure 2 is an elevation on the line IIII of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view on the line IIIIII of Figure Figures 4 and 5 are fragmentary details.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary view, partly in section, of another detail.

Figure 7 is an elevation of the device of the invention as used upon the stringers of a bridge Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 6 of a further modification.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 2 designates the web of the longitudinal bar of the invention, which is provided on its ends with a head 3 and a foot 4. According to one embodiment'of the invention, the foot 4 of each of the longitudinal bars is provided on either side with a lateral extension 5.

A plurality of novel L'-shaped slots 1 are arranged in'the web 2 of each of the longitudinal bars immediatelybelow the head 3, and in such manner as to have their longest portions extending along its axis, which provides a shorter downwardly extending portion 8.

In installing the grating structure, the longitudinal bars are arranged in parallel spaced relationship with their L-shaped slots 1 in substantial alinement.

The transverse or lacing" bar of the invention is indicated at 9, and is substantially rectangular in cross-section. Each of the transverse bars 9 is provided on one of its edges with a plurality of recesses Ill having sloping side walls, as at 12. form substantially to a portion of the head 3 of the longitudinal bars.

In installing the transverse bars 9, they are inserted through the longest portions of the L-shaped slots 1, until the various recesses ID are immediately below the heads 3 of the longitudinal bars. The transverse bars 9 are then rotated approximately 90 degrees which permits the side walls l2 of the recesses Ill to engagethe sides of the heads 3 of the longitudinal bars; and the upper edges of the transverse bars 9 will be ap-' proximately, if not exactly, flush with the upper edges of the longitudinal bars.

The transverse bars 9 are welded to the longitudinal bars while in this position, as indicated at M. In some instances, it will be found preferable not to use continuous lengths of transverse bars 9, but instead to employ shorter lengths whose ends are spaced apart, as at l5. One desirable use for the short bars 9 is to permit them to terminate short of, and provide a space immediately above, a location where expansion and contraction cracks should be present in the concrete or other filling material. Such a localization of expansion and contraction cracks is often desired immediately above a supporting beam. This use of the short bars 9 will thus permit a little flexibility in the unitary grating structure.

In using the devices of the invention, it will be found desirable, in some cases, to prevent the The side walls l2 of the recess l0 con-4 filling material between the various bars from coming into contact with the structure upon which the longitudinal bars rest, and for this purpose a plurality of plates I9 are provided. These plates I 9 are of a width substantially equal to the distance between the feet 4 of the longitudinal bars, and are provided on either side with an upward extension which permits them to rest on the lateral extensions 5. The upwardly extending ends 20 of the plates I 9 may, if desired, be welded to the feet 4 of the longitudinal bars, as indicated at 22.

The preferred embodiment of the invention contemplates a plurality of transverse bars 24 which are adapted to be laced between the longitudinal bars adjacent their feet 4. These lower transverse bars 24 are provided with recesses 25 which conform substantially to the upper portions of the feet 4 of the longitudinal bars, and are further provided with sloping side walls 26 to permit them to clear the upward extensions 20 of the plates l9. The webs 2 of the longitudinal bars are provided with L-shaped slots 28 which are positioned close tothe feet 4 with their longest portions extending along the axes of the webs in such manner'that their shortest portions extend upwardly, as at 29.

In order to more thoroughly distribute the shearing stresses of the grating structure the lower transverse bars 24 are arranged alternately with respect to a horizontal plane through the upper transverse bars 9. The manner of installing the lower transverse bars 24 is identical with that previously described for the transverse bars 9.

Referring to Figure 6, an abutment is provided for the sides of the outer longitudinal bars of the grating. These abutments are composed of angles 30, having one of their edges welded along 40 the feet 4 of the longitudinal bars, as shown at 3|.

It is preferable to permit the upper and lower transverse bars 9 and 24, respectively, to extend beyond the outer longitudinal bars and to come in 45 contact with the angles both along their faces 32 and a portion of their upstanding ends, as shown at 33. The upper and lower transverse bars 9 and 24 may, if desired, be additionally welded to the angles, as at 34.

In Figure 7 of the drawings, the grating structure is intended to rest upon stringers 35 of a bridge floor. The longitudinal bars are welded to the stringers 35, as shown at 36, and the plates 20 are made to extend onto them for a short distance, as shown at 31. If desired, the plates 20 gay also be welded to the stringers, as shown t Referring to Figure 8, a modified longitudinal bar is illustrated as comprising a web 2, and identical head and foot portions 40, which are grooved on either side to accommodate the upward extensions 20 on the plates Hi. In this form, the longitudinal bars may be used with either end up.

Another modification contemplates the overlapping of the ends of the upper and lower transverse bars 9 and 24, respectively. This is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, having been done to the 1. In a grating structure, a plurality of I-bars in spaced parallel relation, the webs of said I-bars being provided with alined apertures adjacent their respective head and foot portions, and substantially rectangular transverse bars disposed to extend through the apertures of adjoining I-bars, the outer edges of the assembled transverse bars being notched to conform substantially to the section of the respective head and foot portions of said I-bars, the inner edges of the assembled transverse bars being uninterrupted,

, said notches being of sufiicient depth to permit the outer edges of the assembled transverse bars to occupy substantially the same plane as the outer edges of the respective head and foot por tions of said I-bars.

2. In a grating structure, a plurality of I-bars in spaced parallel relation, the webs of said I-bars being provided with alined apertures adjacent their respective head and foot portions, substantially rectangular transverse bars disposed to extend through the apertures of adjoining I-bars, the outer edges of the assembled transverse bars being notched to conform substantially to the section of the respective head and foot portions of said I-bars, the inner edges of the assembled transverse bars being uninterrupted, said notches being of sufiicient depth to permit the outer edges of the assembled transverse bars to occupy substantially the same plane as the outer edges of the respective head and foot portions of said I-bars, and a plate extending between the foot portions of adjacent I-bars.

GERALD G. GREULICH.

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