US2273005A - Book of carbon papers - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 17, 1942. J. B. BEACH v BOOK OF CARBON PAPERS 2 SheetS- -Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 28, 1941 4 0 fl w Wm M i 2 as m: 0 FL Feb. 17, 1-942. J. B. BEACH BOOK OF CARBON PAPERS Filed 001:

. 28, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet .2

vvv qlrflliiillllillll. rlilllllliillll Patented Feb. 17, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,273,005 noon F cannon PAPERS John B. Beach, Washington, D. 0. Application October 28, 1941, Serial No. 416,901

11 Claims. (Cl. 282-11) This invention relates to carbon paper, and more particularly to a book of carbon papers from which a single sheet or a booklet containing a desired number of sheets can be detached easily for use as needed. It also relates to a book of alternate sheets of carbon paper and writing paper from which a booklet, containing a desired number of carbon sheets and writing sheets interleaved with one another, can be detached easily for use as needed, and, after use, the writing sheets can be detached from the booklet and withdrawn from between the carbon sheets with ease. f

This application is a continuation in part of my copendlng application; Serial No. 335,175, filed May 14, 1940, for Book of carbon papers and container therefor.

It has heretofore been customary for carbon paper that is used for ordinary purposes to be supplied in loose-leaf form. When using such paper it is necessary to handle each sheet separately, and, when composing a pack of such carer at one end to form a booklet are easier to interleave with sheets of stationery, and to keep inneat condition after use, than loose-leaf sheets.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pack of alternate sheets of carbon paper and writing paper in which each sheet is bound to the next sheet in such a way as to form a book, from which a desired number of carbon sheets and writing sheets. interleaved with one another and bound to each other as a booklet, may bedetached for use as needed, and, after use, the writing sheets may be detached easily from the booklet and withdrawn from between the carbon sheets. This form of the device is preferably used with the so-called one-run" carbon sheets that are intended for use once only and are then thrown away.

When one-run carbon paper is used in thisform of my invention, one of the objects of the invention is to make it unnecessary for the opbon paper and stationery, great care is required to place each sheet of carbon paper and each sheet of stationery in proper alignment. This cannot be done easily, because carbon paper is generally not rigid.

In order to preserve used sheets of carbon paper in good condition for future use they should be placed one upon another in alignment before they are stored. It is not easy, however, to align them and keep them that way when they are handled. Consequently, they often get into adisorderly and unwieldy heap that results in their becoming wrinkled and dog-cared, and they cease to be useful sooner than they would if they were properly stored in a neat and orderly pack. Moreover, very thin sheets of carbon paper, which are preferred to thicker sheets when many copies are to be made, are easily blown about with the slightest movement of the air, making it very difilcult. and annoying to interleave them with sheets of paper, or to arrange them neatly for safekeeping after use.

The principal object of this invention is to provide means whereby many of the above-mentioned dimculties and disadvantages may be overof sheets of carbon paper thatare bound togethto ith e a e primary a d ot er incidental erator to interleave sheets of writing paper with carbon sheets; the writing sheets that are intended to receive the carbon impressions are already interleaved with the carbon sheets, and all that the operator needs to do is to place a sheet of writing paper, which is intended to receiveother object 'of this form of my invention is to make it unnecessary for the operator to exercise care in handling a pack of alternate sheets of carbon paper and writing paper to see that they do not slip out of register with one another, because the writing sheets and carbon sheets are bound together in register and cannot slip apart accidentally.

Another object of the invention is to provide a book of carbon papers of the type herein characterized which may also have the edges of the leaves opposite the bound edges staggered, or provided with notches, stiffened tabs, or tabs in the nature of index tabs so as to facilitate the handling of each leaf of the book, or of a booklet that has been detached from it.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a book of carbon papers and a bookcontaining alternate sheets of writing paper and carbon paper, of the type herein characterized, which may also have one or both corners of the edges opposite the bound edge of the carbon sheets notched, to facilitate the removal of writing sheets that are interleaved with the 'carbon sheets.

. out;

objects in view, as will more fullyappear in the I specifications, the invention consists of the features of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, or their equivalents, as hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings wherein is shown the preferred, but obviously not necessarily the only form of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a book of carbon papers;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken in the the direction of the arrows on the line V-V of Fig. 1, showing a book of carbon papers that has staggered v edges;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a book of carbon papers that has uncarbonized marginal ends and two corners notched;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a fragment of a book of carbon papers that has indexed edges; Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows on the line VIII- -;VIII of Fig. I;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a fragment of a book of carbon papers that has notched edges;

Fig. 10 shows a sheet of carbon paper, weakexceeds the stresses resulting from normal handling of the sheets but that is exceeded by the stress resulting when any two contiguous sheets are grasped at their edges adjacent the bond and pulled away from each other by a peeling orstripping action. In other words, the bond is sufliciently strong to prevent accidental separation of the sheets during ordinary or normal handling of them, but at the sametime it has a severability that permits relatively easy separation of the sheets in the manner mentioned.

Because the bond will withstandnormal handling conditions and yet permit ready separation of any two contiguous sheets when they are peeled or stripped apart, a group of sheets of carbon paper of any desired number may be -detached as a unit or booklet from the main book, and the sheets in the booklet will remain attached to each other, and the sheets in the main book will remain attached to each other,.after the booklet has been severed from the book.

The bond may be formed in any manner that v meets the above-mentioned requirements. Two

means of constructing the bond are shown as examples. One is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 6, and the other in Fig. 11.

The bond 3, shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 6, comprises an adhesive that meets the above-mentioned requirements of the bond. Suitable adened along a line parallel with and a short distance from one edge by means of perforations, -for use when the bond is constructed as shown in cross section in Fig. 11.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged sectional view similar to that shown in Fig, 2, showing an alternate construction of the bond.

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic sectional view show- I ing the arrangement of a booklet of carbon paper interleaved with sheets of writing paper and located around the platen of a typewriter;

Fig. 13 is a plan view of a modified form of the invention showing a book comprising alternate sheets of carbon paper and writing paper;

Fig. 14 is an enlarged sectional view taken in the direction of the arrows on the line XIV- HV of Fig. 13, showing one construction of the bond;

Fig. 15 is an enlarged sectional view similar to that shown in Fig. 14, showing another construction of the bond; Q Fig. 16 is an enlarged sectional view similar that shown in Fig. 14, showing still another construction of the bond;

Fig. 17 is an enlarged sectional view similar to that shown in Fig. 14, showing yet another construction of the bond;

Fig. 18 is a perspective view'of thedevice shown in Fig. '13, illustrating the manner in which the writing sheets may be detached,from the booklet and withdrawn from between the carbon sheets 3 Referring more specifically to the drawings, in

which like numerals refer to like parts through- 'The numeral. I indicates a book of carbon papers comprising aplurality of sheets of carbon hesives comprising materials of many different kinds may be used to form this type of bond, when prepared in conformity with a knowledge of the adhesive art to meet the above-mentioned requirements. Preferably, any adhesive used should be flexible to a degree and normally untacky. Generally, it may be said that the adhesives used should not possess such great adhesive strength that they have a tendency to resist severance to the extent of damaging the sheets while they are being severed from one another. On the other hand, the adhesives used should not be so brittle, or possess such slight adhesive strength that they have such a low resistance to severance that they will not withstand severance when subjected to the stresses result ing from normal handling of the sheets. While I.do not wish to limit thescope of the invention to/ any particular kind of bond or adhesive so long as it meets the above-mentioned requirements, I at present prefer to make the bond 3 of a wax-like substance, such as a natural or syn ,thetic wax, because it is inexpensive and can, most instances, be used even where the DOItl-Oll If desired, the adhesion between contiguous sheets may be increased if the'portion of the sheets that is to receive the adhesive is provided with apertures at spaced intervals soas to permit the adhesive to extend through the apertures to the next contiguous sheet. Such apertures would be in addition to the apertures 4 that'may be provided for a purpose explained more fully below, so that they may, 'or may not, as desired. be

arranged to offset one another in alternate sheets when the book is composed.

If a desired bonding material does not have an ailinity for the materials forming the carbonized surfac of the carbon paper used, the portion of the carbon sheets that is to be bonded may be devoid of carbon. Thus, permitting, a wider range of adhesives to be used to form the bond.

e A suitable bond may also be made as illustrated in cross-section in Fig. 11. There the carbon sheets 2' are weakened by perforations, or other suitabl means, along a line parallel with, and a short distancefrom, the end of the sheet, in the manner shown at I in Fig. 10. The marginal end ll of the carbon sheets that is set off by the perforations is then folded along the perforations and firmly fastened, by means of an adhesive l2 possessing substantial adhesive strength, or by other suitable means, to the back of the adjacent sheet of carbon paper, so that the perforations ID in one sheet are adjacent those of the next sheet, as shown in cross section in Fig. 11. Thus, a bond is formed that resists severance during conditions of normal handling, but may be readily severed between any two contiguous sheets by stripping or tearing along the perforations.

- If it is desired to use the book of carbon papers in connection with one form of the device shown and claimed in my copending application, Serial No. 335,175, filed May 14, 1940, referred to above, apertures may be provided at the edge of the book adjacent the bond, as indicated at 4. When it is desired to use some of the carbon paper from the book I, the number of sheets of carbon paper that are desired for the manifold writing are counted off, and, as a unit, they are severed from the book by peeling them off somewhat in the manner illustrated in Fig. 3. The sheets that are thus detached from the book remain attached to each other, by means of the bond, in the form of a booklet of carbon papers I3, wherein the sheets remain in register with each other and may be handled easily as a unit. The booklet may be .placed on a flat surface, and sheets of writing paper interleaved with the sheets of carbon paper in the usual manner. This task is facilitated by the fact that the carbon sheets, being bound together adjacent one edge, remain in register with one another without the need for careful placement by the operator, and are not easily set in unruly motion by slight movements of the air. The task of interleaving sheets of writing paper with the sheets of carbon paper in the booklet can be made even less difficult if the booklet is used with the device disclosed and claimed in my copending application, Serial No. 335,175, filed May 14, 1940, referred to above.

The assembled-manifold pack may be inserted in a typewriter in the usual manner, but the edge that has the free edges of the booklet of carbon papers should be inserted first, so that, as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 12, when the packet M has been drawn around the platen of a typewriter l the free edges will be at the top, as shown at It, allowing easy access to each sheet of stationery for the purpose of making erasures or corrections.

After the manifold writing has been finished, the sheets of stationery may be removed easily from between the sheets of carbon paper by taking hold of the bound end of the booklet of carbon paper with one hand and shaking it so that the sheets of stationery will be released and fall into the other hand. A more desirable means of removing the sheets, however, may be supplied if one or more of the corners of the free edges of the book is notched as indicated at 5 and 5"in Figs. 4 and 6, respectively. In that the book I, in Fig. 6. In this form, the comers of the unbound margin may be notched, as shown at 5', to permit easy withdrawal of the sheets of stationery from betweenthe leaves of carbon paperyand to permit a booklet of carbon papers of this design to be used on the device shown in my copending application, Serial No. 335,175, filed May '14, 1940, referred to above, in the manner therein described.

If desired, in order to make it easy for the operator to take hold of one leaf of a book of carbon papers at a time many means might-be provided, and a few are illustrated in Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 The margins 1, in Fig. 6, that are uncarbonized may be stiffened. The free edges 'of the book may be staggered as shown at 6 in Fig. 5, or they may be cut so as to offset one another in the manner of index tabs, as shown at I in Figs. 7 and 8; they may be notched in such a way that the notches of one sheet areadjacent to an unnotched portion of the adjacent sheets when the book isbound, in the manrrer shown at I! in Fig. 9. Many other ways could obviously be suggested, but it is thought that these are sufficient for the purposes of illustration.

In the modified form of the invention, illustrated in Figs. 13 through 18, the numeral l9 indicates a pack or book of alternate sheets of carbon paper 2 and writing paper 20, arranged in register with each other. All of the carbonized surfaces 2| of the carbon sheets face the same direction, and, preferably, the first sheet at the top of the pack is a carbon sheet, with its carbonized surface facing down, in contact with the adjacent writing sheet, and the last sheet at the bottom of the pack is a writingsheet, so that for each writing sheetin the pack there is a corresponding carbon sheet with its carbonized surface adjacent the writing sheet. The sheets are held together adjacent one edge by a suitable bond, which may take a variety of forms as hereinafter explained in more detail. Preferably,

each sheet of carbon paper is notched at one of its free corners, as shown at 5, exposing a corner of the-sheets of writing paper.

The bond has a resistance to severance that exceeds the stresses resulting from normal han dling of the sheets but that is exceeded by the stress resulting between any two contiguous sheets when they are grasped at their edges adjacent the bond and pulled away from each other by a peeling or stripping action. The resistance of the bond to severance is also exceeded as between any writing sheet and the adjacent car bon sheets, but is not exceeded as between'said adjacent 'carbon sheets, when the writing sheet is grasped at its unbound end and pulled-orjerked away from the bond.

the bond is sufficiently-strong to prevent acci- In other words,

mentioned.

Because the bond will withstand normal handling conditions and yet permit ready separation of any two contiguous sheets when they are peeled or stripped apart, a group of alternate sheets of carbon paper and writing paper of any desired number may be detached as a unit or booklet from the main pack or book, and the sheets in the booklet will remain attached to each other, and the sheets in the main book will remain attached to each other, after the booklet has been severed from the book.

Since the bond will withstand normal handling conditions and yet permit the writing sheets to be separated from the carbon sheets by grasping the writing sheets at their unbound end and pulling or jerking them away from the bond, a booklet that has been severed from the book that is held to the carbon sheets by the bond is relatively small compared with the portion of the edge of the carbon sheets that is held to the next carbon sheet by the bond, so that the writing sheetsare less securely held to the carbon sheets than are the carbon sheets held to each may be used for duplicate writing, and, while that is being done, the carbon sheets and the writing sheets will remain attached to each other and 15, and 18, and the other type in Figs. 16 and 17.

'The bond 22, shown in Figs. 13, 14, and 15, comprises an adhesive that meets the abovementioned requirements of the bond. Suitable adhesives comprising materials of many different kinds may be used toform this type of bond, when prepared in conformity with a knowledge of the adhesive art to meet the above-mentioned requirements. Generally, the same adhesives that are suitable to form the bond 3, in the form of the invention described above and illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 6, are also suitable for the bond 22. While I do not wish to limit the scope of the invention to any particular kind of bond or adhesive so long as it meets the above-mentioned requirements, I at present prefer to make the bond 22 of the same materials as described above for making the bond 3.

When the bond is formed as illustrated in Figsf 'ing sheets by the bond 22, and the edge of each writing sheet that is adjacent the extended edges of the carbon sheets is held by the bond 22'to the carbon sheetthat has its carbonized surface 2| in contact with the writing sheet. The writing sheets could, if desired, be bonded also to the carbon sheet that has its back or uncarbonized I surface in contact with the writing sheet, but; it

is not preferable todo so, because, otherwise, when they are bonded only to the adjacent sheet of carbon paper thath'as its carbonized surface in contact with the writing sheet, it is impossible for the pack or book to be-severed inadvertently in such a way that a writing sheet will be bonded.

to a carbon sheet that has its uncarbonized surface next to the writing sheet. I

The portion of the edge of thefwritingsheets ill other. Because of this, the bond has less resistance to severance between the writing sheets and the carbon sheets than between the portions of the carbon sheets that are bonded together.

In some cases, if the bond is formed of certain adhesives, it may be advisable, in order to prevent the bond from penetrating into the paper and rendering it transparent, to provide the edge of the sheets of writing paper that is secured to the sheets of carbon paper by the bond with a suitable hardening or impregnating medium where it comes in contact with the bond, especially when the bond is composed of certain waxes, such as parafiin wax, or wax-like derivatives of the fatty acids or their esters. As such an impregnating, saturating or protective agent a suitable paste or glue, dextrine and the like, may be used.

As mentioned above, if a desired bonding material does not have an aflinity for the materials forming the carbonized surface of the carbon paper used, the portion of the carbon sheets that is to be bonded may be devoid of carbon. Thus, permitting a wider range ofadhesives to be used to form the bond.

When the bond is made of certain materials having little body, the thickness ofthe writing sheets cause the book to bulge or be thicker throughout the length of the writing sheets than it is at the portion of the bond where the carbon sheets extend beyond the writing sheets. For this reason, it may be desirable in some-instances to provide a separator 23 of approximately the same thickness as the writing sheets to fill the space-between the carbon sheets where. they extend beyond the writing sheets and are bonded together. The separator may be formed in any suitable manner. In Fig. 15 it is illustrated at 23 as being formed from the folded, extended end of the carbon sheet, but it'"'inay, of course, be formed by a strip ,or ribbon of paper having approximately the same thickness as the sheets of writing paper used.

A suitable bond may also be made as illustrated in cross section in Fig. 16. There the carbon sheets 2' are longer than the writing sheets 20 and are weakened by perforations, or other suitable means, along a line parallel with, and

a short distance from. the end of the sheet, in v the manner shown at In in Figs. 10, 16, and 17. The writing sheets 20' are similarly weakened by perforations, or other suitable means, along a line parallel with, and a short distance from, the end of the sheets in the manner shown at 24. The marginal end II of the carbon sheets that is set off by the perforations I0 is folded over along the perforations and firmly, fastened, by means of an adhesive 25v possessing substantial adhesive strength, or by other suitable means, to the marginal end 26 of the writing sheet that is set off by the perforations 24. The other side of the marginal end 26 of,,the writing sheet is then firmly fastened to the next carbon sheet adjacent and below the perforations ll) of that carbon sheet. If desired, as illustrated in cross section in Fig. 17, the marginal end 26 of the writing sheet could be firmly fastened to the carbon sheet, adjacent and below the,perforations III of that sheet, and the marginal end H sheet to which that carbon sheet is firmly fastened. In other words, the carbon sheets and writing sheets should not be arranged. with relation to the perforations In of the carbon sheets, I

so that the perforations III will be located between a writing sheet and the carbonized surface of the carbon sheet that'is in contact with that writing sheet.

A booklet-of alternate sheets of carbon paper and writing paper that has been severed from the book is ready for duplicate writing, except that the sheet that is intended to receive the original writing must be placed on top'of the first sheet of carbon paper in the booklet. After the duplicate writing has been finished, the writing sheets may be severed from the carbon sheets and withdrawn from between them by'pulling to be separated, whereby groups of sheets of any desired number may be detached as units while the sheets of each group remain attached to each other in said group.

4. An article of manufacture comprising a plurality of sheets of carbon paper held together adjacent one edge by a bond having. a resistance to severance that exceeds the stresses resulting from normal handling of said sheets but a severability that enables any two contiguous sheets to be separated,-whereby groups of sheets of any desired number may be detached as units while the sheets of each group remain attached to each other in said group; said bound end being provided with apertures, whereby the book may be suspended on a holder to facilitate interleaving sheets of carbon paper with sheets of writing paper. 5. An article of manufacture comprising a plurality of sheets of carbon paper held together ,adjacent one edge by a bond having a resistance to severance that exceeds the stresses resulting I from normal handling of said sheets but a severthem at the corner exposed by the notches 5 in the carbon sheets, in the manner illustrated in Fig. 18.

From the above description it will be apparent that there is thus provided means of the character described possessing the particular features of advantage enumerated above as desirable, but which obviously is susceptible of modification in form, proportions, detail construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the principle involved or Without sacrificing any of its advantages.

While the invention has been described in language more or less specific as to structural features, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specificfeatures shown, but that the means and construction herein disclosed comprise the preferred form of several modes of putting the invention into effect, and the invention is therefore claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the legitimate and valid scope of the appended claims. The term carbon paper, as used in this application is intended to include all classes of transfer paper suitable for such purposes.

' I claim:

1. An article of manufacture comprising a plurality of sheets of carbon paper and securing means that holds said sheets together adjacent 'one edge, said securing means having a resistance to severance that exceeds the stresses resulting from normal handling of said sheets but a,'. severability that enables any two contiguous sheets to be separated, whereby groups of'sheets of any desired number may be detached as units while the sheets of each' group remain secured to each other 'in said group.

2. A book of carbon paperscomprising a pluralityi of sheets of carbon paper held-together adjacentflone edge by means of wax'that is severable between any two contiguous sheets, whereby groups'pf-sh'eets of any desired number may be detachedfas units while thesheets of each group remain attached to each other in said group.

3. .An article of manufacture comprising a plurality of sheets-of carbon paper held together adability that enables any two-contiguous sheets to be separated, whereby groups of sheets'of any desired number may be detached as units while the sheets of each group remain attached'to each other in said group; the edges opposite said bound edges being provided with means to facilitate the separation of said sheets in groups of any desired number.

6. An article of manufacture comprising a plu-' rality of sheets of carbon paper having at least one edge devoid of carbon and a bond that holds saidsheets together adjacent an edge that is devoid of carbon, said bond having a resistance to severance that exceeds the stresses resulting from normal handling of said sheets but a severability that enables any two contiguous sheets to be separated, whereby groups of sheets of any desired number may be detached as uhits while the sheets of each .group remain attached to each other in said group.

7. An article of manufacture comprising a plurality of sheets of 'carbon paper, arranged in alignment with each other so as to form a pack in which all of the carbonized surfaces face the jacent one edge 'by a bond having a resistance to severance that exceeds the stresses resulting from normal handling of said sheets but a severability that enables any two contiguous sheets same direction, held together adjacent one\edge by a bond having a resistance 'to severance'that. exceeds the stresses resulting from normal handling of said sheets but a severability that enables any two contiguous sheets to be separated, whereby groups of sheets of any desired number may be detached as units while the sheets of each group remain attached to each other in said group.

8. An article of-manufacture comprising'two or more sheets of carbon paper held together adjacent one-edge by an'adhesive material having adhesion that exceeds the stresses resulting from normal handling of said sheets but, is severable between any two contiguous sheets by peeling saidsheets apart.

9. A book of carbon papers .comprising a plurality of sheets of carbon paper held together adjacent one edge by an adhesive material having adhesion that exceedsthe stresses resulting from normal handling of said sheets but a severability that enables any two contiguous sheets to be peeled or stripped apart, whereby groups of sheets of any desired number may be detached as units while the' sheets of each group remain attached to each other in-said group.

10. An article of "manufacture comprising a plurality of sheets of carbon paper and securing means that holds said sheets together adjacent one edge, said securing means having a resistance to severance that exceeds the stresses resulting from normal handling of said sheets but a severabilityc that enables any two contiguous sheets to be separated, said securing means comprising the folded edge of one sheet securely fastened adjacent the folded edge of the next sheet, and being weakened along its fold, whereby groups of sheets of any desired number may be detached as units while the sheets of each group remain secured to each other in said group.

11. An article of manufacture comprising a plurality of sheets of carbon paper and securing means that holds said sheets together adjacent one edge, said securing means havinga resistance to severance that exceeds the stresses resulting from normal handling of said sheets but a severability that enables any two contiguous sheets to be separated; each carbon sheet having attached toit, contiguous its carbonized surface and adjacent said securing means, a writing sheet; said'writing sheet being held to said carbon sheet by a bond having a resistance to severance that exceeds the stresses resultingfrom normal handling of said sheets but that is exceeded by the stress resulting when said writing sheet is pulled at its free end away from the bond; whereby groups of sheets of any desired number of carbon sheets and a like number of writing sheets attached to them may be detached as a unit while the carbon sheets of each group remain attached to each other in said group, and the writing sheets may be withdrawnjrom between the carbon sheets by pulling them a their free ends away from said bond.

JOHN B. BEACH.

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