US2271790A

US2271790A - Load ejector

Info

Publication number: US2271790A
Application number: US295462A
Authority: US
Inventors: George S Allin
Original assignee: ISAACSON IRON WORKS
Current assignee: ISAACSON IRON WORKS
Priority date: 1939-09-18
Filing date: 1939-09-18
Publication date: 1942-02-03
Anticipated expiration: 1959-02-03

Description

G. S. ALLIN LOAD EJEC71OR Feb. 3, 1942.

Filed Sept. 18," 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 mm NLI L mm 6 & mm W V. B

ATTORNEYS.

G. s. ALLlN LOAD EJECTOR Feb. 3, 1942.

Filed Sept. 18, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR 65026: S ALL/1v ATT ORNEY Patented Feb. 3, 1942 LOAD EJECTOR George S. Allin,

Seattle, Wash:,

assignor to Isaacson Iron Works, Seattle, Wasln, a corporation of Washington Application September 18, 1939, Serial No. 295,462

(13 Claims.

This invent-ion relates to dirt moving and transporting vehicles, and it has reference more particularly to improvements in power actuated load ejection mechanism for dirt hauling vehicles, particularly for load hauling scrapers of the character described in my prior Patent 2,214,240.

While the present invention, as hereinafter described, is illustrated in connection with the vehlcle disclosed in the above numbered application, it is to be understood that it is not confined thereto, but may be utilized with dirt handling vehicles of various kinds where the associated parts are similarly arranged.

It is the principal object of this invention to provide a simple and efiective power actuated means whereby the carried material, or load, may be positively and fully ejected from the scraper when, by reason of its character, it will not discharge freely by gravity flow.

Explanatory to this invention, it will be here mentioned that the machine of the application above identified comprises a bowl, open at the front and bottom, and equipped with a rearwardly and upwardly inclined back wall having a blade at its lower edge which effects the digging or scraping up of the dirt when the bowl is lowered to a position that will bring the blade into ground contact. Also, there is a gate mounted in the bowl, forwardly of the blade and back wall, and adapted to be closed under the run of. material that may be pushed ahead of the blade, to pick it up and retain it in the bowl for transportation. When the gate is opened, the transported load will be automatically discharged by gravity flow by reason of the degree of inclination of the back wall and position of the gate. However, in the event'that the dirt is wet, or

. muddy, the discharge is retarded, and in some cases, its ejection by positive ejection me'ans be: comes necessary. v

In view of the above, it has been the principal object of this invention to provide mechanically powered means that may be associated with the back wall of the scraper described, or with similar scrapers, for the positive ejection of material whenever positive ejection is necessary.

It is a further object of the invention to provide mechanically powered ejection means, for

ascraper of the kind above described which operates under control of movement of the gate details of construction of parts, in their combination and mode of operation, as will hereinafter be described.

In accomplishing these andother objects of the invention, I have provided the improved details of construction, the preferred forms of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Fig. 1 is a side view of a load hauling scraper embodying the. present invention, showingthe scraper bowl raised to load transporting position, and the gate closed to retain the load.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine.

, Fig. 3 is a view of the machine in longitudinal section, with the blade in digging contact with the ground and the gate partially opened,

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the machine illustrating the functional action. of the ejector mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic illustration of the hydraulic system for opening the gate and operating the ejector mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a sectional detail of the hydraulic cylinder at one side of the bowl for actuation o the gate.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail of .the automatic valve associated with the hydraulic cylinder of the gate actuating system.

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic illustration of the control valve for the hydraulic system.

Referring more in detail to the drawings- The scraper frame, which for convenience, will be referred to as the bowl, is designated in its entirety by reference numeral I. This bowl comprises opposite side walls 2 and! of substantial height and length, connected substantially and rigidly together across the forward end of the bowl by a horizontal member 3 which, in this instance, is in the form of a tubular beam and is disposed across the top edge of the bowl.

I The forward end of the bowl; that is, the space 7 between the forward ends of opposite side Walls, is open, as is also the bottom of the bowl, except for the gate, presently to'be described. The rear end of the bowl; that is, the space between the rearward edges of the side walls, is permanently closed by a forwardly and downwardly inclined wall 4, designated as the "back wall; this wall being equipped at its lower edge with a scraping blade 5, having its lower, cutting edge extended somewhat below the lower edges of the side walls to adapt the blade for the intended scraping and digging operation. The back wall is substantially reinforced by suitable cross beams, designated at 4:1, and its top edge is approximately midway of the top and bottom edges of the side walls.

The bowl is supported at its forward end, for transportation, through the mediacy of a gooseneck bracket 6 that is rigidly fixed centrally to the cross beam 3 and extends forwardly and downwardly therefrom and at its forward end is pivotally fixed to a knuckle 1, which, in turn, is pivotally mounted on a cross axle 8 in such manner as to permit universal movement of the axle. The axle is equipped at its ends with ground wheels 9, and a draw bar, or tongue, "I, is attached to the axle as a means for towing the device from a tractor, or the like.

At its rearward end, the bowl is supported for transportation and vertical adjustment by a pair of laterally spaced ground wheels H, each of which is mounted by a vertically adjustable frame l2. These two frames are pivotally hinged, as at l3, to the rear end wall at opposite sides of the bowl and, at their rearward ends, have horizontal spindles l4 fixed therein on which the ground wheels llll are mounted. The vertical adjustment of the frames I2 is to provide for vertical adjustment of the bowl, and the movement of each frame is under control of a telescopic, hydraulic jack or cylinder l5, comprising a series of cylinder sections telescopically associat'ed together, forming a closed container for a hydraulic pressure medium. The larger section in each set is at the upper end of the jack, as shown herein, and is pivotally attached to the rear wall of the bowl as at I6, while the lower section is pivotally attached, as at l1, to the corresponding framel2. Thus, by applying a hydraulic pressure medium into the cylinders, they will be extended thereby to cause the frames to swing downwardly relative to the bowl with a. resultant lifting of the bowl relative to the ground. By relieving the cylinders of the hydraulic medium, the weight of the supported bowl will cause the frames to swing upwardly relative to the bowl and the bowl will be lowered toward the ground accordingly. The control of application of the hydraulic medium to the cylinders l thus provides for control of the position of the bowl relative to the ground.

As will be observed best by reference to Fig. 3,

the rear wall 4 of the bowl is so inclined that, with the blade in digging contact with the ground, there will be a relatively easy scraping action and a comparatively easy pushing of earth across the blade and up the back wall into the bowl, to be retained between the opposite side walls.

It will be understood that it is not necessary for the gate to be fully opened during the loading operation, but only open sufficient to clear the ground when the blade is in digging position. Dirt that is scraped up is advanced up the back wall as the vehicle moves forwardly, and finally falls forwardly and is either retained by the gate or is merely pushed ahead of the blade. However, for a leveling off operation wherein the back wall is used merely as a scraper blade, the gate is usually lifted to a substantial height so as not to obstruct easy disposal or distribution of dirt that is pushed ahead of the blade when it passes over a depression. In other words, it is only necessary that the gate be so adjusted that it will not interfere with the back wall of the bowl being used in the capacity of an ordinary scraper for leveling operations.

The gate, designated in its entirety by reference numeral 20, extends transversely between the opposite side walls of the bowl, to serve as a closure for the front end and for the bottom of the bowl when it is desired to transport a load, as will be seen in dotted outline in Fig. 1. In this instance, the gate is of substantial height, and is supported from its opposite side edges by brackets, 01- plates 2|, fixed rigidly thereto and lying close to the side walls inside of the bowl. These plates 2| are rigidly jointed by short horizontal cross beams 22 to the forward ends of bell crank levers 23 that are pivotally mounted on the corresponding side walls of the bowl by pivot studs 24.

It will be observed that the gate is adapted to swing about the axial line of the studs 24 and that the side walls of the bowl are arcuately slotted, as at 25, for travel of the ends of the short beams 22 in the raising and lowering operation. When the gate is closed, these slots are covered by the upper portions of the plates 2|, which are so formed, as at 2| a, as to also cover the slots 25 when the gate is open.

As will be noted in Fig. 1, each of the bell crank levers has an arm 23a extending forwardly from the supportin pivot 24, and fixed at its forward end to the cross beam 22, and has another arm 23b extending downwardly and rearwardly and pivotally connected at its end, as at 26, to the end of the piston rod 21a that extendsfrom a piston 21b that is reciprocally contained in a hydraulic cylinder 21. The hydraulic cylinder is located below and forwardly of the bell crank lever, and is supported from the bowl by a pivot 28, carried by a supporting bracket 29 on the Outside of the side wall.

The arrangement of the hydraulic cylinders 21 and their connections with the bell cranks 23 is such that when the piston rods are extended, the gate will be held in closed position, and when they. are retracted, the gate will be moved accordingly toward an open position. Actuation of the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders is under control of a hydraulic pressure medium that is applied to the forward ends and relieved from the rearward ends of the cylinders or vice versa through pipes 56 and 51, respectively, as presently will be described in connection with the control system for the gate and ejector mechanism, and illustrated in Fig. 5.

Now describing the present ejector mechanism which is best shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4:

It will be observed, as previously noted, that the top edge of the back wall 4 of the bowl terminates about midway of the blade and top of the bowl. Continuing from this back wall, is the ejector comprising a wall section 35 which, in normal position, slightly overlaps the front face of the top edge of the back wall, and curves forwardly and upwardly as a continuation of the back wall 4 to even with the top edges of the side walls of the bowl. This wall section 35 is supported at its opposite ends by a pair of lever arms 31-31 which are fixed, respectively, to the opposite end portions of a cross shaft 38 that is horizontally disposed back of the wall 35'and revolubly contained in the rear edge portions of the Side walls of the bowl, as at 38a. At their this as 'willremain closedvand the hydraulic medium cannot be relieved from the cylinder 44, 1

upper ends, the lever arms 31-31 are pivotally fixed to brackets 39 on the back side of the wall section 35. Fixed on the opposite ends ofthe cross shaft 38, adjacent the outside ofthe side walls of the bowl, are lever arms 40, each'pivotally attached at its end, as at 4|, to a piston rod 42 extending from a piston 43 contained inra hydraulic cylinder 44; the cylinder being pivotally fixed, as at 45, to a bracket 43 attached to the side wall of the bowl. Pressure medium from, a source of supply may be selectively applied to the forward ends or to the rearward ends of these cylinders to extend or retract the piston rods, thus to rotate the cross shaft 38,-and, through the action of lever arms 31-31, to move theejector wall sections 35 from the position shown in. Fig.

thepistonll cannot be moved and as a result,

the ejector remains inactive while the pressure ,applied-to cylinder 21 causes the piston 25 to move forwardly, thus to actuate the bell cranks to move the gate toward open position, to discharge theload. In the case of freely discharging. material, the gate is not opened to its limit and-therefore the ejector device will not be ac- .tuated from theposition of Fig. 1.

fully open Assuming that .apositive ejection of material is necess ry, the pressure medium is applied to the gate, and incidentally moving the piston 21b to contact valve stem 52 to open valve 1 for a release of medium from the forward,

3 to the position shown in Fig. 4. When this ejector wall section operates as a scoop,

is actuated downwardly, it sliding down the back wall 35, to forcibly eject material from the bowl.

In Fig. 5, I have illustrated the hydraulic sys- 20 downwardly to the position as shown in Fig. 4

tem for control and actuation of the gate and ejector. I In this view, designates a tank, tor a supplyof hydraulic pressure medium, connected lay-s. pipe 5| with a pressure pump 52 from which a delivery pipe connection 53 leads to one side-of a four-way control valve 54. Valve 54 also has a a return pipe connection 55 leading to tank 5li.

Leading from control valve 54 is a delivery pipe 56 der 21.

both

cylinders

21 and 44. A pipe 59 connects the forward end of cylinder 44 with the forward end of one of the cylinders 21 through an automatic back check valve 60 mounted by the cylinder 21 to prevent flow from cylinder 44 to cylinder 21 through this connection. The valve has an operating stem 62 adapted tobe engaged by the piston 21b of cylinder 21 to open the valve I only when the piston has moved to a position for fully opening the gate. A coiled spring .55 acting against the valve urges it toward its closed position when held open by the piston acting against the stem.

While it is not herein illustrated, it is the intention that the pump, tank and main control valve of this system be located on the tractor or device pulling the scraper and that the piping 56 and 51 used between the tractor and scraper should be flexible. It is also contemplated that endsiiof-the cylinders 44 into cylinders 21, thus permitting the pressure actingon the pistons 43 to rotate -.the;shaft 38 to movethe ejector wall for a positive ejection of the load.

It will-beunderstood that when the piston 21b comes forwardly and engages the valve opening stem 52, the liquid from cylinder 44 flows into cylinder 21 and across the recessed face of pisvalve 54and thence to tank 50.

'When the control valve 54 is adjusted to a position to efiect an application of pressure for connecting to the forward end of cylin- Also, a pipe 51 leads from valve 54 and 'this has connection with the rearwardends of filling the bowl,

pipes 56 and 51 be attached to these connection pipes, thus to efiect an equal and simultaneous I application of pressure medium to the cylinders. at opposite sides of the vehicle.

It is also anticipated, as shown inFig. 5, that the hydraulic jacks I5 be connected together and that the pipes 10 which lead from a two-way sustaining back wall, edge of the back pivotally. supported valve 1| to these cylinders, .be connected to the,

pressure line 53 by a line 12 and have a return pipe 13 from the valves to the tank 50, so that an equal'application of pressure will be made to the jacks.

the gate-then it acts returning the ejector to normal position, pressure is first delivered through pipe so to cylinder 21, and through valve 60 and pipe 59, to cylinder 44.

In the structureshown in Figs. 5 and 6, the pressure operates first to move the piston 21b to close on piston 43 to return the ejector-to normal position. When the ejector is once returned to its normal position, it will be held there,,due' to valve 60, until the valve is positively' opened by the piston 21b acting on the'valve stem 82.

.Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Ina vehicle of the character described, a load receiving bowl having opposite side walls and a. rearwardly inclined back wall equipped along its lower edge with a scraping blade for a load ejecting shoe extending between the side walls 'as a continuation Of the back wall, and a supporting means for the shoe operable to' actuate it, with an initial forward tiltingaction, downwardly along the back wall for a forcible ejection of a load from the bowl.

2. 'In .a vehicle of the character described, a load receiving bowl having .opposite side walls,

and an upwardly and rearwardly inclined, load a blade fixed to the lower wall for filling the bowl, a load ejection shoe normally bottom edge restin upon the top edge thereof and extenddisposed with its back; wall near the ing'between the oppcsiteside walls as a continu- 'at on;of the back wall; said ejection shoe com- 1 prising a wall plate that, in normal position of With the parts so constructed, assuming the bowl is loaded and raised for transportation, and it is desired to open the gate for discharge of a load from the bowl that does not require positive ejection, the valve 54 is adjusted to a position to direct flow of pressure medium' from the the shoe, continues from the top'edge of the back wall in an'upwardly and forwardly curved direction to efiect a forward deflection of material moving upwardly against it, and means pivotally supporting the shoe and operable for the actuation of said shoe forwardly at its top edge, then to moveiitdownwardly with its bottom edge in *sliding. contact with the back wall as a scoop pump through pipe 51 to the rear ends of both I

cylinders

21 and 44. However, since valve 30 in prising a bowl-having opposite side walls, and

for aforcible ejection of material from the bowl. 3. A vehicle of the character described, comback of the lower edge of 'said"shoe ,"'upwardly extendin lever arms fixed to the"cross shaft, and pivotally attached at their ends to the shoe for support and actuation thereof, "and means for rotatably actuating the shaft to effect an initial forward tilting action of the shoe, and then travel thereof downwardly in sliding contact with said back wall for ejection of a load from the bowl.

4. A structure as recited in claim 3 wherein the' means for rotatably actuating said crossshaft' comprises a lever arm on the shaft and a double 4 acting hydraulic jack mounted on a side wall of the bowl including a piston and rod and means for efiecting the rotation of theshaft in 0ppo-' site directions for the functional actuation of the shoe and for its return to normal'position.

5. In a vehicle of the character described, a

upwardly sloping back wall, having 'its top edge terminating substantially below the top edges-of the side walls, a cross beam extending between the top edges of the sidewalls at the'backendof wall plate which, normal position of the shoe, is disposed as a continuation of'the back wall and overlapped therewith at its lower e dge" and I having its top edge portion curved'upwardly and 7 forwardly and normally sustained against,rear ward tilting by resting against the said crossbeam, and means mounted on theb owhand; pi otally attached to the shoefo'r supportin and' actuating the shoe 'slidably downward alon the back wall for the ejection of a -loadf irom the" 40 i pipe connection between the source of pressure -medium and the hydraulic jacks is through the cylinderof the gate actuating jack, and said back-check valve has an actuating stem arranged bowl.

6. In a load hauling vehicle of the character described, a bowl, agate forthe bowl'movable' between closed and open positions a load ejection shoe movable between ri'ormaland load ejecting position, means operable by hydraulic pressure medium for moving thegate, means operable by hydraulic pressure means for'actiiat-- ing the shoe, a source of pressure mediumi'a pip ing system connecting the source of supply with the hydraulic means for the gate and shoe, '2. control device for simultaneously applying ac tuating pressure to each of said means, a control valve in the shoe actuating system operable-uh der control of the gate operating devicesiror restraining the shoe against movement until the gate is in a predetermined open'pos ition',

'7. In a load haulin vehicle of the haracter described, a bowl, a load' ejection Shcegas'sociated with the bowl, a gate for the bowl'iinova'ble be'-- m tween closed and full openlposition s;'ja hydrau no l mounted'on the wlp 'ha a tion'f or thehfirst mentioned jack in movin the ton operatively connected for actuating the gate,"'--- gatatobmn position a hydraulic jack on the bowl having its piston operatively connected for actuation of the shoe, a

source or supply of hydraulic"pressuremediurn,

a piping system connecting saidfsourceiiof pres Sure medium i the hydraulic. k a control [j and having a scraping blade across its lower edge,

, H 1 a load ejector comprising a plate normally disdium to the jacks for opening the gate,"and for functionally actuating the shoe, and a normally closed check valve in the hydraulic system for the shoe, restraining the piston in the""sho ac'-" device for applying the hydraulic pressure meof the jack which actuates the gate when the gate reaches its fullopen position.

8."In a load hauling vehicle Of the character described, a bowl, a load ejecting shoe associated with-the bowl, and movable between" retracted ment to opposite limits of travel, another hydraulicjack mounted on the bowl havin its piston operatively connected to actuate the shoe to its different positions by its movement to opposite limits of travel, a source of hydraulic pressure medium for actuation of the jacks, two pipes associated with the source of pressure medium selectively usable as pressure applying and return pipes; the first pipe having connection with both connecting the piston rod with the said lever arm 20 jacks for the simultaneous application of pressure medium to open the gate and functionally actuate the shoe, the second pipe having connecti'on with each jack for application of pres- I sure to close the gate and return the shoe to its bowl having opposite side walls, a rearwardly and 5 the pipes for controllin the'application of medium to said jacks, and a back-check valve in the second of said pipes'normally retaining the pr'essurmedium at one side of the piston in the the bowl and a load ejection shoe including a 30 retracted position, a valve device associated with tion", to open said back-check valve to relieve said hydraulicmedium from the shoe actuating jack and permit the action of the jack whereby the shoe will be functionally actuated.

9. A device as in claim 8 wherein the second to be engaged bythe jack piston to open the valve.

10. In a vehicle of the character described,

comprising a bowl, a load retaining gate, a load ejector'in the bowl, a double acting hydraulic 60 jack for actuating the gate between open and closed positions, a double acting hydraulic jack for actuating the ejector from retracted to extended position, a source of hydraulic pressure medium,'-a piping system for the application of the pressure medium to the jacks, a control valve opera'ble for simultaneously applying the medium to the jacks and a valve in thesystem operable to 'reta'in the "pressure medium against escape *"Iromone'side lot the second mentioned jacks 'to reta'inthe ejector against-functional movementfand adapted tobe opened by the final ac- 1 1. Ina vehicle of the character described, a

load receiving bowl having opposite side walls .and a back wall of lesser height than the side .walls, and sloping downwardly and forwardly,

posed as an uninterrupted upward continuation "of the back 'wall and means for actuating the ejector plate downwardly along. the back wall.

12', In a vehicle of the character described, a

load receiving bowl having opposite side walls and a back wall of substantially lesser than the height of the sidewalls and having a scraping blade across its lower edge extendin slightly below the lower edges of the side walls, and a load ejector comprising a plate normally disposed as an uninterrupted upward continuation of the back wall extending to the heights of the side walls and forwardly curved across its top edge, and means for actuating the ejector downward- 1y along the back wall. e

13. In a vehicle of the character described,a load receiving bowl having Opposite side walls and a back wall of approximately one-half the height of the sidewalls and having a scraping blade across its lower edge extending slightly below the lower edges of the side walls, and a load ejector comprising a plate normally disposed as an uninterrupted upward continuation of the back wall extending to the heights of the side walls and forwardly curved across its top edge, and means for actuating the ejector downwardly along the back-wall with a co-incident forward action of the top portion to a. position slightly advanced beyond the lower edge portion.

' GEORGE S. ALLIN.