US2268444A - Oil burner ignition equipment - Google Patents

Description

Dec 30, 1941. J. DE NECOLA OIL BURNER IGNITION EQUIPMENT Filed Aug. 2, 1940 5" INVENTOR,

Jam zen 60 ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 30, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT -OFFICE on. BURNER IGNITION EQUIPMENT John de Nicola, Paterson, N. J. Application August 2, 1940, Serial No. 849,485

9 Claims.

This invention relates to ignition equipment and especially to equipment for igniting some enclosed flame-supporting medium, as the wick of an oil burner in which such wick stands enclosed between two walls, as perforated cylinders. To ignite such a medium in the case of an oil burner the usual practice is to dip a taper in oil and, the wick being already charged with oil, project the lighted taper in igniting relation to the wick, that is to say, between said walls and usually from the top, as more convenient if not actually more possible than from the bottom. Obviously, the operation would be simpler, safer and more convenient if a jet of gas were discharged through one of said walls from its outer to its inner side and adjacent the wick and means were provided for igniting the Jet outward of such wall. This I have accomplished by the invention herein set forth as considerable practice has shown, and I have further so accomplished it that excess admission of air does not accrue at the point in said wall where the igniting gas penetrates it with the result that the otherwise blue flame supported by the (perforated) walls will be at that point yellow, indi-.

cating imperfect combustion there.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a twin-bumer oil burner having my equipment but with a part of the latter omitted;

Fig. 2 shows a fragment of one burner unit in section and a part of said equipment appearing in Fig. 1 partly in elevation and partly in section;

Fig. 3 shows fragments of the outer walls of.

said wall with a part of said equipment in section.

Let I be the base of a two-unit oil burner pro-' viding communicating circular concentric wells to receive annular wicks and supporting perforated cylinders or walls arranged in spaced pairs j with a wick between the walls of each pair. Only the outer well 2, corresponding pair of walls 3 and intervening wick or fiamesupporting means 4 of a unit are shown in Fig. 2, 5 being one of the ports of communication between the wells whereby, when oil is supplied by any valved means, not shown, all the wells will receive 011. The perforations 3a in the walls are preferably all of the same size and of the proper number and distribution, as usual, so that when the burner is operating the flame existing on any wall will be blue throughout. The outer'walls, formed by the outer cylinders of the two units, are preferably thickened and so reinforced by plates 6 fixed to them; oppositejperforations in the thus reinforced portions jofthe' cylinders and near the wicks are enlarged, as at l, to form lighting apertures; Each such wall is made fast to the base by being fitted over an upstanding flange la of the base.

In Figs. 2 to 4 let 8 be a. block-like gas-discharging head having a gas-chamber 8a and adapted to be positioned in the present example, where the burner includes two burner units, between such units. This head has opposed ports 9 by which jets of gas are to be projected from chamber 8a through the apertures 1. Each port 9 discharges into the bore of a nozzle 10 projeeting from the head and onto which is screwed a nut II which abuts the corresponding wall; to prevent leakage of air via the apertures 'I the latter are counter-bored and the nuts formed to fit the counter-bores. An air-intake I2 leads to each nozzle bore and these two intakes here lie in the same plane and converge toward the atmosphere. Thus by the intake each jet of gas is exposed, between the corresponding port 9 and the adjoining wall, to the atmosphere, for a purpose to appear. The said bore, l3,'of each nozzle is preferably enlarged from at least the intake to its own discharge end, so that its area in any cross-section thereof. is at least equal to the combined area 'of bore; 9 and intake I2. Leading from the chamber to the atmosphere and open in the same direction as the intakes i2 is a gas outlet l4 between such intakes.

In Figs. 5 and 6 the head is assumed to be the same in respect to chamber 8a, ports 9 and outlet ll as before. But its nozzles I5, which fit apertures IS in the walls of the two burner units and thus support the head, have their bores I! developed to form longitudinal slots extending from more or less near the ports to the ends of the nozzles, being open laterally of the nozzles and preferably upwardly. The aperture 16 has a slit l8 coincident with slot I1 and their combined area is preferably not greater than the area of any perforation 3a.

In both cases the means 8 discharges a jet of gas (to wit, at 9) through the lighting aperture '(I or it) and hence near the medium (4) to be ignited and this jet is exposed to the atmosphere between said means and the adjoining wall 3, to wit, via the intake I2 or the slot-like intake l1. According to this invention the gas discharged at outlet I4 is to be reflected into proximity to the thus exposed jet, whereby it the gas so discharged by the outlet be ignited in any way the resulting flame may ignite the Jet so that the latter will ignite said medium.

For this purpose there is shown in Fig. 3 a flash-tube 19 whose intake end is opposite to and somewhat spaced from the face of the head having the outlet N. This flash-tube may be formed with air-admission slits |9a to insure that on ignition at its discharge end of the gas delivered thereto by the outlet I l flash-back will occur and a flame, as per the arrows shown in Fig. 3, established at its intake end (such slits having been disclosed in my application Serial No. 301,626). In the present instance it is assumed that the oil burner is contained in a stove having a gas burner or burners and 20 is a constantly lighted pilot for igniting the gas burner and to which the flash-tube is here shown arranged to discharge gas.

Instead of the flask-tube there may be used the baflle 2| shown in Fig. 4 as means to reflect the gas discharged by outlet ll. This may be afforded by a metal plate bent at right angles and so aflixed to the head as shown that it afiords a hood at 21a as well as a battle. The igniting of the gas issuing from outlet Il may in this case be by resort to a lighted match.

But however ignition of the gas issuing from the outlet is effected there is means (here afforded by the flash-tube and pilot or the baflie) to reflect th issuing gas into proximity to the jet. In Figs. and 6 such proximity may be more or less above the actual jet so long as the flame of the reflected gas attains the gas rising from slot II. In Figs. 2 to 4 such proximity involves actual coincidence with the intake l2, and in reference to this form I remark as follows:

It is preferable, to insure unfailing ignition of the jet and what is ultimately the purpose (existence of a consequent flame at the inner side of wall 3), that the enlarged bore l3 be present. Thereby when the flame of the reflected gas is impelled into the nozzle through intake I2 injection of air may occur via the intake, the nozzle acting as an injector.

The construction is preferably such in any case, be it noted, that where each nozzle penetrates a wall 3 no greater inflow of fluid can occur than at any of the perforations 3a, to wit, because in both forms the nozzle fits the aperture and because fluid cannot otherwise pass through the wall at this point except by what I hereinafter term a passage which is appropriately restricted.

22 is a pipe, having a shut-off valve 23, supplying gas to the head. It discharges to a nozzle 24 whose discharge to a mixing device 25 is controlled by the needle-valve 26. Device 25 has a mixing chamber 21 to which air is admitted under control of a valve 21a, chamber 26 discharging to the head via a port 28.

When means, as the flash-tube and pilot for automatically igniting the gas escaping at H, is present, merely opening valve 23 results in igniting the jet so that the resulting flame exists at the inner side of wall 3, in igniting proximity to the medium 4.

In the examples the head, with its port 9, forms means, removed from oneside o! a wall, as 3, to discharge at said side andthence through an aperture, as 1, of said wall a jet of gas having less cross-sectional area than the area of said aperture and which is exposed (for instance, by the bore l3 with its intake I 2) to the atmosphere between said means and wall; and the structure having said means also has means, including a gas outlet, as H, and here also including the flash-tube or the baflie, to direct a current of gas into proximity to the exposed part of the Jet, whereby when the gas so directed is ignited the resulting flame will ignite the Jet and a flame will thereby be established at the other side of said wall.

More especially, according to the examples, the gas is discharged by said means in one direction and the flash-tube or bame constitute means to reflect the current of gas so discharged into proximity to the exposed part of the Jet.

The structure including a wall 3 and corresponding nozzle is formed with what I term a passage for air and gas whose capacity to pass fluid (as air, alone) is not greater than that of any perforation 3a, thus to insure maintenance of a blue flame at the passage as well as at each such perforation when valve 23 stands closed. In Figs. 5 and 6 such passage is formed by the slit I8 and so much of the slot H as actually exists within the wall. In Figs. 2 to 4 such passage comprises the bore I3, port 8 and intake l2, its capacity to pass fluid being determined by the combined cross-sectional areas of the port and intake which, so combined, are not greater than that of any perforation 3a.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a burner of the class described, the combination, with a wall having an aperture therein, of structure having means, removed from one side of said wall, to discharge in exposed relation to the atmosphere at said side and thence toward and through the aperture a Jet of gas of less area cross-sectionally than the area of the aperture, said structure also having means, including a gas outlet, to direct a current of gas into proximity to the exposed part of the jet, whereby when the gas so directed is ignited the resulting flame will ignite the jet.

2. In a burner of the class described, the combination, with a wall having an aperture therein, of means having a gas-discharge port, removed from one side of said wall, to discharge in exposed relation to the atmosphere at said side and thence toward and through the aperture a jet of gas of less areas cross-sectionally than the area of the aperture, said means also having a gas-discharge outlet adjacent to said port, and means, opposite and adjacent to the outlet arranged to reflect the gas discharged at the outlet into proximiy to the exposed part of the jet, whereby when the gas so discharged at the outlet is ignited the resulting flame will ignite the jet.

3. The combination set forth in claim 2 characterized by the last-named means being a flashtube having its intake end facing the outlet and adapted to discharge gas at its other end to igniting means.

4. The combination set forth in claim 2 characterized by the last-named means being a bailie opposed to the outlet.

5. In a burner of the class described, the combination, with a wall having an aperture therein. of structure at one side of said wall having a gas-receiving chamber, a gas-discharge port leading from the chamber, a bore of greater crosssectional area than the port and to which the latter discharges and which itself discharges through said wall, and an air-intake leading to the bore, and means to conduct gas from the chamber and thereupon direct it in exposed relation to the atmosphere and into the intake.

6. Structure including a burner wall having an inner and an outer side and perforations extending through said wall from one to the other such side and all of substantially the same area and said wall also including a nozzle, said structure having an air-gas passage affording communication through and from the outer to the inner side of said wall and formed in the nozzle and whose capacity to pass fluid is not substantially greater than that of any perforation, in combination with means to admit gas to said passage at a point outward of said wall, said passage having an air-intake between said point and wall.

'7. Structure including a burner wall having an inner and an outer side and perforations extending through said wall from one to the other such side and all of substantially the same area and said wall also including a nozzle, said nozzle having a gas-discharge port and, open to the atmosphere at the outer side of said wall, an air-intake whose combined cross-sectional areas are not substantially greater than the area of any such perforation and also having a bore into which the port and intake discharge and which itself discharges at the inner side of said wall.

8. In combination, the outer walls of a pair of units of a burner of the class described, said walls having opposed apertures, and a gas-chamber-containing head arranged between said walls and having oppositely extending portions reaching toward, and bores in said portions discharging to, the apertures, said head having gas-ports discharging from its said chamber to the bores and air-intakes extending from the atmosphere between said walls to the bores.

9. In combination, the outer walls of a pair of units of a burner of the class described, said walls having opposed apertures, a gas-chamber-containing head arranged between said walls and having oppositely extending portions reaching toward, and bores in said portions discharging to, the apertures, said head having gas-ports discharging from its said chamber to the bores and air-intakes extending from the atmosphere between said walls to the bores, and also having a gas-outlet discharging to the atmosphere between said walls, and means to reflect toward the intakes the gas discharged at said outlet.

JOHN DE NICOLA.

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