US2266745A - Metallurgical alloy - Google Patents
Metallurgical alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2266745A US2266745A US360623A US36062340A US2266745A US 2266745 A US2266745 A US 2266745A US 360623 A US360623 A US 360623A US 36062340 A US36062340 A US 36062340A US 2266745 A US2266745 A US 2266745A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- chromium
- alloy
- carbon
- silicon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 21
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000030060 Congenital non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;chromium Chemical compound N.[Cr] SJKRCWUQJZIWQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
Definitions
- This invention relates to new and improved alloys suitable for addition to steels containing chromium, particularly stainless steel (18% chromium, 8% nickel) and chromium steel.
- the titanium content should be as high as conveniently possible, in order to avoid adding too large an amount of cold metal to the molten steel just'before pouring, giving too low a. pouring temperature.
- an alloy containing about 40% titanium has been found to produce excellent results on an economical scale;
- the present new and improved alloy overcomes this and other dificulties, and at the same time serves as a source of art of the chromium in the finished steel.
- chromium is incorporated with the iron and titanium to form a metallurgical alloy containing iron, titanium, and chromium.
- nitrogen in the alloy apparently combines with chromium to form chromium nitride, ,a compound which is stable at high temperatures. The nitrogen is thus largely or completely made col unavailable for combination with titanium, so
- titanium cyanonitride can exist to form hard spots, seams, or other defects.
- the present alloy contains appreciable amounts of silicon, aluminum and carbon.
- the carbon is present as an impurity, and is kept as low as possible.
- the aluminum is present because the alloy is prepared by the alumino-thermic process, or because it is present in the ore from which the alloy is produced. Silicon is also usually present.
- the alloy according to the present invention can be made by any convenient method. Preferably it is made by reducing the titanium ore such as ilmenite and rutile, together with a suitable quantity of a chromium containing ore such as chromite, with aluminum by the alumino-thermic process.
- ilmenite Some sources of raw ilmenite contain appreciable quantities of chromium ore as an impurity, and most sources contain a certain amount of silicon. Accordingly, ilmenite often serves as the source of silicon and some of the chromium.
- the alloy of the present invention is added to the steel in any convenient way, particularly adding the alloy to molten steel in the ladle.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
Patented Dec. 23, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METALLURGICAL ALLOY Viatcheslav V. Efimofl', Niagara Falls, N. Y., as-
signor to The Titanium Alloy Manufacturing Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Maine No Drawing. Application October. 10, 1940, Serial No. 360,623
3 Claims.
This invention relates to new and improved alloys suitable for addition to steels containing chromium, particularly stainless steel (18% chromium, 8% nickel) and chromium steel.
in the ore from which the alloy is produced. However, it is important to insure that too much silicon is not present, since it tends to form a coarse-grained steel and to impair, the impact amount of excess titanium to insure complete combination with all the carbon. These results have hitherto been accomplished by adding to the steel at the ladle a small amount of a ferro-titanium alloy (called a metallurgical alloy) containing enough titanium so as to secure the required amount in the finished steel. Such alloys obviously contain as small an amount of carbon as is conveniently practicable, since such steels should have a very low carbon content. Furthermore, the titanium content should be as high as conveniently possible, in order to avoid adding too large an amount of cold metal to the molten steel just'before pouring, giving too low a. pouring temperature. In practice, an alloy containing about 40% titanium has been found to produce excellent results on an economical scale;
One of the difficulties occasionally encountered in the use of such ierro-titanium is the tendency for titanium to combine with nitrogen in the air and with carbon to form titanium cyanonitride, an undesirable compound to be incorporated in chromium steels, since it promotes hard spots, seams, and a rough appearance to the ingot, or alligator skin.
The present new and improved alloy overcomes this and other dificulties, and at the same time serves as a source of art of the chromium in the finished steel. In accordance with this invention, chromium is incorporated with the iron and titanium to form a metallurgical alloy containing iron, titanium, and chromium. By this means, nitrogen in the alloy apparently combines with chromium to form chromium nitride, ,a compound which is stable at high temperatures. The nitrogen is thus largely or completely made col unavailable for combination with titanium, so
that no titanium cyanonitride can exist to form hard spots, seams, or other defects.
In addition to titanium, iron and chromium, the present alloy contains appreciable amounts of silicon, aluminum and carbon. The carbon is present as an impurity, and is kept as low as possible. The aluminum is present because the alloy is prepared by the alumino-thermic process, or because it is present in the ore from which the alloy is produced. Silicon is also usually present.
resistance of the steel, and in the case of stainless steel to promote the formation of ferrite.
The percentages of the various ingredients in the present new and improved alloy are as follows:
Per cent Titanium l 35 to 45 Chromium Q 2 to 14 Silicon 1 to 14 Aluminum 3 to 14 Carbon Below 0.2 Iron plus impurities (phosphorus, sulfur, etc.) Balance More preferably, the ranges of these ingredients areas follows:
The alloy according to the present invention can be made by any convenient method. Preferably it is made by reducing the titanium ore such as ilmenite and rutile, together with a suitable quantity of a chromium containing ore such as chromite, with aluminum by the alumino-thermic process.
Some sources of raw ilmenite contain appreciable quantities of chromium ore as an impurity, and most sources contain a certain amount of silicon. Accordingly, ilmenite often serves as the source of silicon and some of the chromium.
The invention having been described generally, the following specific example is now given:
Example contained 48.92% Cl'zOa, 14.0% F6203, 16.46%
cording .to U. S. Patent No. 2,162,938 and con- Per cent Titanium 41.1 Chromium 10.17
Aluminum 7.0 Silicon 2.99 Carbon p 0.03 Iron plus impurities Balance The alloy of the present invention is added to the steel in any convenient way, particularly adding the alloy to molten steel in the ladle.
As many variations are possible within the scope of this invention, it is not intended to be limited except as defined by the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A metallurgical alloy containing 35 to 45% titanium, 2 to 14% chromium, 1 to 14% silicon, 3 to 14% aluminum, less than 0.2% carbon, and the balance iron plus impurities.
2. A metallurgical alloy containing 38 to 42% titanium, 3 to 14% chromium, 2 to 5% silicon, 6 to 9% aluminum, less than 0.1% carbon, and the balance iron plus impurities.
3. A metallurgical alloy containing about 41% titanium, about 10% chromium, about 7% aluminum, about 3% silicon,-about 0.03% carbon, and the balance iron plus impurities.
VIATCHESLAV V. EFIMOFF.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US360623A US2266745A (en) | 1940-10-10 | 1940-10-10 | Metallurgical alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US360623A US2266745A (en) | 1940-10-10 | 1940-10-10 | Metallurgical alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2266745A true US2266745A (en) | 1941-12-23 |
Family
ID=23418785
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US360623A Expired - Lifetime US2266745A (en) | 1940-10-10 | 1940-10-10 | Metallurgical alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2266745A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2464836A (en) * | 1944-08-24 | 1949-03-22 | Arcos Corp | Welding |
| US4337087A (en) * | 1979-05-16 | 1982-06-29 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co. Ltd. | Microcrystalline thin strip for magnetic material having high permeability, a method of producing the same and articles made from the thin strip |
-
1940
- 1940-10-10 US US360623A patent/US2266745A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2464836A (en) * | 1944-08-24 | 1949-03-22 | Arcos Corp | Welding |
| US4337087A (en) * | 1979-05-16 | 1982-06-29 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co. Ltd. | Microcrystalline thin strip for magnetic material having high permeability, a method of producing the same and articles made from the thin strip |
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