US2008055A - Method of producing ferro-chromium - Google Patents
Method of producing ferro-chromium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2008055A US2008055A US606530A US60653032A US2008055A US 2008055 A US2008055 A US 2008055A US 606530 A US606530 A US 606530A US 60653032 A US60653032 A US 60653032A US 2008055 A US2008055 A US 2008055A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- chromium
- ferro
- mixture
- silicon
- reducing agents
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021346 calcium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
Definitions
- This invention relates to a new and improved method of producing ferro-chromium, which needs no further refining operation, by employing reducing agents such as aluminium, ferro- 5 silicon and calcium-silicide.
- any type of furnace may be used as long as it iscapable of keeping in complete fusion the material being used during the whole operation.
- An electric furnace with electrodes serves the purpose. It is also possible to use an open furnace; any trough turnace, monophase of three-phase with or without a conducting base similar to, that employed in the manufacture of ferro-silicon.
- a furnace is fed with a mixture 5 of 1000 kg. composed of: 650 kg. of chromium ore containing 48% of chromic oxide CI'2O3, 230 kg. calcium silicide, 40 kg. aluminium, 40 kg. fiourspar, 20 kg. ferro-silicon and 20 kg. lime.
- this ferro-chromium is to be used for the production of the rustless chromium iron or rustless chromium steel, it can be introduced into an iron bath, for instance a closed furnace contain-- ing 850 kg. fused iron with a carbon content not exceeding 0.1%, the composition of the final product will be of about 0.14-0.16 carbon, 12-14% chromium and therest iron.
- a method of producing ferro-chromium which needs no further refining operation by employing a mixture of exothermic reducing agents charac- 35 terized by the feature that a mixture is used composed of of chromium ore containing 48% of CrzOa, 23% calcium silicide, 4% aluminium, 4% fluorspar, 2% of ferro-silicon and 2% of lime.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
Patented July 16, 1935 PATENT. OFFICE 2,008,055 METHOD or rnonucmo FERRO-CHBOMIUM Virginie Angelini, Milan, 'Italy No Drawing.' Application April 20, 1932, Serial No- 606,530. In Belgium April 28, 1931 1 Claim.
This invention relates to a new and improved method of producing ferro-chromium, which needs no further refining operation, by employing reducing agents such as aluminium, ferro- 5 silicon and calcium-silicide.
It has already been proposed to produce ferrochromium from chromium ore containingchromium oxide by the employment of exothermic reducing agents such as aluminium, ferro-silicon, and calcium-silicide. It has also been proposed to make use of a mixture of the aforesaid reducing agents for producing the metal alloys in order to obtain special efiects in the reduction of metal oxides.
1 have found that in order to obtain a completely pure product in one operation, thus to be ready for the production of the rustless ferrochromium it will be necessary to make use of a determined quantitative proportion of the chromium ore and the reducing agents.
According to my invention I employ for the production of ferro-chromium with a high chromium content the following mixture:-
65% chromium ore (containing 48% of CrzOs), 23% calcium silicide,"4% aluminium, 4% fluorspar, 2% ferro-silicon and 2% lime.
Making use of the mixture composed as described, I obtain a completely pure product in one operation which needs no further refining operation.
If I merely employ a mixture of reducing agents but not in the determined quantitative proportions as indicated above, it is not possible to obtain a product free from all impurities such as excess of the reducing agents.
For carrying out my invention any type of furnace may be used as long as it iscapable of keeping in complete fusion the material being used during the whole operation. An electric furnace with electrodes serves the purpose. It is also possible to use an open furnace; any trough turnace, monophase of three-phase with or without a conducting base similar to, that employed in the manufacture of ferro-silicon.
As an example a furnace is fed with a mixture 5 of 1000 kg. composed of: 650 kg. of chromium ore containing 48% of chromic oxide CI'2O3, 230 kg. calcium silicide, 40 kg. aluminium, 40 kg. fiourspar, 20 kg. ferro-silicon and 20 kg. lime.
When this mixture has become fluid and reaches the temperature of 1600 C. (operation which requires about one half to two hours) one has already an alloy having a high content of chromium, or to be precise about chromium and about 0.23 carbon, traces of silicon, sulphur and phosphorus, and the rest iron. The quantity of this alloy will be about 240 kg.
If this ferro-chromium is to be used for the production of the rustless chromium iron or rustless chromium steel, it can be introduced into an iron bath, for instance a closed furnace contain-- ing 850 kg. fused iron with a carbon content not exceeding 0.1%, the composition of the final product will be of about 0.14-0.16 carbon, 12-14% chromium and therest iron.
In carrying out this second part or the production of rustless chromium iron or steel it is necessary to provide a protective slag, whose composition has for its object the protection of the iron bath from impurities caused by the carbon owing to the contact of the electrodes with the bath.
. I claim:--
A method of producing ferro-chromium which needs no further refining operation by employing a mixture of exothermic reducing agents charac- 35 terized by the feature that a mixture is used composed of of chromium ore containing 48% of CrzOa, 23% calcium silicide, 4% aluminium, 4% fluorspar, 2% of ferro-silicon and 2% of lime.
' VIRGlNIO ANGELINI.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE2008055X | 1931-04-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2008055A true US2008055A (en) | 1935-07-16 |
Family
ID=3895460
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US606530A Expired - Lifetime US2008055A (en) | 1931-04-28 | 1932-04-20 | Method of producing ferro-chromium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2008055A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE750747C (en) * | 1938-08-22 | 1945-01-29 | Process for the production of ferro-alloys with low and medium carbon content | |
| US3121532A (en) * | 1961-08-31 | 1964-02-18 | Johnson Service Co | Remote bulb thermostats |
-
1932
- 1932-04-20 US US606530A patent/US2008055A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE750747C (en) * | 1938-08-22 | 1945-01-29 | Process for the production of ferro-alloys with low and medium carbon content | |
| US3121532A (en) * | 1961-08-31 | 1964-02-18 | Johnson Service Co | Remote bulb thermostats |
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