US2260438A

US2260438A - Waterproofed building construction

Info

Publication number: US2260438A
Application number: US247119A
Authority: US
Inventors: Cheney Allan
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1938-12-21
Filing date: 1938-12-21
Publication date: 1941-10-28
Anticipated expiration: 1958-10-28

Description

Oct. 1941- A. CHENEY 60,438

WATERPROOFED BUILDING CONSTRUCTI O N Filed Dec. 21, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l flllan Cheney) Oct. 28, 1941; A. CHENEY WATERPROOFED BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 21, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 m W m.

Patented Oct. 28, 1941 WATERPROOFED BUILDING CONSTRUCTION- Allan Cheney, Cynwyd, Pa.

Application December 21, 1938, Serial No. 247,119

18 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in waterproofed building constructions, particularly to buildings constructed in whole or in part of concrete. More particularly, the invention aims to provide new means and combinations of means for effectively waterproofing spandrel beams of such buildings.

The desirability of waterproofing spandrels like parts of concrete or partly concrete buildings has long been recognized by builders and architects. Heretofore, several different waterproofing materials'have been proposed for this purpose and then have usually comprised one or more layers of fabric, felt or paper saturated with a waterproofing compound, preferably bitumen, the sheet being laid so that it overlies the top or outer side of the spandrel beam. More recently such materials have been combined with a very thin layer of electro-deposited copper intended to render the sheeting more waterproof.

The use of such prior membranes with or without an electro-deposited copper surface has only been partially satisfactory, Failure of such prior devices has been due to the fact that all of such material disintegrates more or less, when imbedded in a masonry joint, to the end that the waterproofing is not permanent. Furthermore, the application of such membranes is costly in that the plastic cement in which the membranes are laid is applied by the waterproofing contractor with the result that the waterproof and masonry are often in conflict, one workman being delayed by the other. Furthermore, membrane waterproofing is relatively thin, subject to easy puncture and, as it has been laid over the top and side faces of spandrel beams, a considerable amount of material is required with proportionately relatively high cost. As a result, many architects are extremely doubtful as to the value of such waterproofing as compared to the cost.

Also, where a brick or stone veneer is used, a shelf angle is provided to support the veneer immediately above the door and window openings and the membrane is usually carried across the top and down the face of the beam so that no bond is possible between the veneer and the beam, with the result that the veneer merely rests or floats against the beam without any mechanical interlock.

With a view to overcoming the above stated and other objections, my invention provides a new means and combination of means suitable for waterproofing buildings and particularly spandrel and like beams comprising a flashing installation that is permanent, effective, secure,

and one that may be installed at a substantial saving in cost.

v My invention is more fully explained by referring to the accompanying drawings which are intended merely as illustrative of the invention.

In, the drawings- Fig, 1 is a detail sectional view illustrating one manner of usingthe invention in a buliding construction;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailed view thereof;

Fig. 3 is a detail view illustrating the manner of attaching the reglet to a form when used with concrete masonry;

Fig. 4 is a detail-view of the cap flashing;

Fig. 5 is a'sectional view illustrating one manner 'of using the invention in connection with a roof flashing; and

Figs. 6 to 13 illustrate modified forms of reglets according to the invention.

In the construction of masonry buildings it ,is highly desirable to provide a waterproof cut-off in the masonry wall, continuously around the entire building, at approximately each floor level and above the ceiling level, and also above openings such as door and window openings. In the case of masonry, buildings constructed wholly or in part of concrete, the spandrel beam extends from the opening upwardly to approximately the next floor level and it is desirable to provide against the infiltration of moisture downwardly around it. As stated above, this has heretofore been accomplished by covering the spandrel beam with a membrane waterproofing applied by a plastic cement, the membrane covering the upper and outer exposed surfaces thereof.

In Fig. 1 there is illustrated such a building construction which may comprise a spandrel beam ill of concrete, an exterior wall II, the spandrel beam 10 extending from an opening l2 upwardly to the level of the sub-floor l3. The finishing floor l4, composed of any suitable material is, of course, laid upon the sub-floor. The main portion of the exterior wall ll may be carried by the spandrel beam and a veneering 15 of brick or stone may overlie the outer vertical face of the spandrel beam between the opening I2 and floor line being supported on 'a shelf angle IS.

The spandrel conventional manner by pouring concrete into a wooden form I8 which is removed after the spandrel beam is thoroughly set.

According to my invention, the spandrel beam may be fully and adjustably protected from moisture of infiltration by installing a through-wall beam It] may be formed in any ..vantageously isof the construction s'hownin crating counter-flashing, 'which "counter-flashing are highly suitable for use as flashing 25 on the upper surface thereof extending from the inside of the wall 26 to the outer edge of the building, this flashing 25 serving to cut off infiltration through the wall and consequent damage to the ceiling and upper interior walls below. The lower part of the spandrel beam may be protected by a counter-flashing 21 overlying the shelf angle I and extending upwardly beyond the lower edge ofthe spandrel beam Iii." Preferably the upper edge of the counter flashing 21 is inturned and imbedded into the spandrel beam I 0 toprevent the seepage of moisture between the shelf angle and spand rel I beam. The flashing adequately prevents; infiltration of moisture past the lower edge of the spandrel to the door or window framework in'the' opening 12. V

The flashing is prefera ly laid in mortar on the upper surface of the spandrelbeaml0 eand is formedwithan upturned inner edge to cause the seepage of moisture to drain .tolthe .exteriorof the wall. The flashing 25 preferably .isof e;ty'pe generallyknown in the. trade as cally keyed flashing, capable of being bonded t o the mortar against movement longitudinally, transversely. and vertically, and adm Patents 1,715,000 and 1,871,585. 1

-It will, of course, b,e apparent that the counter flashing -27, may be as deep as desired ,so that it may-extendupwardly along the vertical faces of the beam ID to the, desired height. However, I flndtthat the best results are secured when ed fi of the spandrel a minimum distance only as this adequately Waterproofs the lower part of the spandrel where seepage is likely', and at the same time leaves the vertical face of the spandrel beam available fora masonry tie for the veneer- ;i.n 1|

, A 'further feature of invention resides in the, provision of an improved reglet and coopreglet 'an'd ,the zlower}spandrel-flashing above described. .i "-Accordingto this feature, of the invention a sheet -1metal;;reglet, preferably of copper, is formed with a base 30, an upwardly inclined :slottedportion 3| adjacent one end, and "an in-v turned;ancho r and water stop 32 adjacent the :other'end. The slotted portion 3| may be formed of spaced wall-s extending upwardly at an angle of substantially 45 to the base 3, one wall of which is preferably formed with a series of notches 33 -ada-pted for locking engagement with "acooperatin part of a counter-flashing 21. The ;.counter+flash-ing 21 ;may advantageously be jfOrmed with a plain face 35, an angular extension .36., adapted to be positioned in the slotted portion :3], and a reversely be'nt hooked .end '3'! adapted for self-locking engagement with one of the, notches 33. Thus thecounter-flashing may be quickly and readily installed by locking the endSl; in one of the notches 33 insuring'a secureinstallation with the vertical portion 35 the shelf angle to be protected.

the counter gflashing 21 extends above the lower The reglet may readily be installed in place by flightlynailing it to the inside of one of the temporary forms prior to the pouring of concrete, as illustrated inFig. 3 .v After the concrete part has been;pou red anda has become set, the tem- .porary -f qrm i8 may be removed without displacement ofthe reglet; as both the slottedpofv tion 3| and 32serve as anchors. The protruding nail ends may then be clipped, leaving an undisturbed reglet slot in' the concrete section.

The improved reglet and. counter-flashing construction above described is not limited in use to spandrel flashing as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, but may also be imbedded in a concrete parapet wall 40 (Fig. 5), and all concrete walls rising above roof surfaces requiring a counterflashing ti. Under this system a built-up felt base flashing 42 or a copper base flashing can be installed and the counter-flashing 4i may then be locked in the reglet, which, due to its construction, is sufficiently flexible as to allow for .necessary settlement or shrink-age of the base flashing and expansion and contraction between the base flashing 42 and the counter-flashing 4|. In the aboverespects the improved reglet and counter-flashing construction is of great advantage as it permits of ready tightening after the base. vvflashing has shrunk and settled in place.

In. Figs; 6!,to 13 jI have indicated'by' way of illus'tratior'i, va'riousfmeans for effecting anad- .justable-selflocking action between the tongue end 310i the c'ountenflashing 21, and the slotted reglet. f

Preferably the slotted portion of the reglet is formed with a series of saw-tooth or z-notchings 5B and the cooperating tongue, end 31 maybe formed. with ,a simple reverse bend as'shown'in Fig. 6.. The Z-shapednotch'es 60 may be formed in the upper wall of the slot as shown' in Fig. 6

or in 'thelQWer as'sho wn in Fig.7, and they may extend downwardly from the upper wall of the slot as'shown in Fig. 8. Alternately the notches .may be formed as channels 5i, extending upwardly. from the upper wall of the slot as in Fig. 9orl depending therefrom, as in Fig. 10, or

"the notches maybe formed by a seriesqof'points' It' will be clear that myv improved reglet and countenflashing may beused generally wherever reglets are, required.

Advantages of the inventionreside in the provisionof a simple permanent and eflicient spandrel' flashing that may readily be installed in the building. by the mason, as. the building is erected, resulting in a considerable saving in the cost of providing span'dre'l. waterproofing. The improved reglet is adaptable for securing counter-flashingf'to molded surfaces and has the important advantage 'that the counter-flashing may be quickly'locked in desired position merely by forcing the hooked end of the counter flashing into the notched 'slot of, the reglet. 'The parts are therefore self-locking, and may be locked in one of several adjusted positions.

It will be apparent tothose skilled in the art that the several features of the invention are not restri'cted'to the specific forms shown in the drawings which are intended merely as illustrations of some manners of using the invention;

I claim:

1 TA masonry building comprising a spandrel beam, a wall section supported on said spandrel beam, .a veneer section overlying the Vertical face of said span-drel beam, a layer of mortar between 'fsaidspandrel beam and said wall and said veneer,

a continuous 's'he'et metal throughw'all flashing of desired width to extend. entirely through said wall embedded inthe layer of mortar between said wall and spandrel'beam and mechanically keyed thereto, and serving as a moisture cut-off immediately above said spandrel beam, and a sheet metal cap flashing secured to the lower part of said spandrel beam and extending downwardly between the spandrel beam and veneer.

2. A masonry building comprising a spandrel beam, a wall section supported on said spandrel beam, a veneer section overlying the vertical face of said spandrel beam, a layer of mortar between said spandrel beam and said wall and said veneer, a continuous sheet metal throughwall flashing of desired width to extend entirely through said wall embedded in the layer of mortar between said wall and spandrel beam and mechanically keyed thereto, and a sheet metal cap flashing secured to the lower part of said spandrel beam and extending downwardly between the spandrel and veneer, the veneer being bonded to the spandrel by brick ties or stone ties.

3. A masonry building comprising a spandrel beam, a wall section supported on said spandrel beam, a veneer section overlying the vertical face of said spandrel beam, a layer of mortar between said spandrel beam and said wall and said veneer, a continuous sheet metal throughwall flashing of desired width to extend entirely through said wall and outwardly beyond the spandrel beam embedded in the layer of mortar between said wall and spandrel beam and mechanically keyed thereto and serving as a moisture cut-off immediately above said spandrel, and a sheet metal cap flashing secured to the lower part of said spandrel and extending downwardly between the spandrel and Veneer.

4. A masonry building comprising a spandrel beam, a wall section supported on said spandrel beam, a veneer section overlying the vertical face of said spandrel, a layer of mortar between said spandrel and said wall and said veneer, a continuous sheet metal throughwall flashing of desired width to extend entirely through said wall embedded in the layer of mortar between said wall and spandrel beam and mechanically keyed thereto, and serving as a moisture cut-ofi immediately above said spandrel beam, and a sheet metal cap flashing secured to the lower part of said spandrel and extending downwardly between the spandrel and veneer, said cap flashing having its upper end inturned and secured in said spandrel.

5. A masonry building comprising a spandrel beam, a wall section supported on said spandrel beam, a veneer section overlying the vertical face of said spandrel beam, a shell supporting said veneer, a layer of mortar between said spandrel beam and said wall and said veneer, a continuous sheet metal throughwall flashing of desired width to extend entirely through said wall embedded in the layer of mortar between said wall and spandrel beam and mechanically keyed thereto and serving as a moisture cut-off immediately above said spandrel beam, and a sheet metal cap flashing secured to the lower part of said spandrel beam and extending downwardly between the spandrel beam and veneer to said shelf.

6. A masonry building comprising a spandrel beam of molded cementitious material, a wall section supported on said spandrel beam, a veneer section overlying the vertical face of said spandrel beam, a layer of mortar between said spandrel beam and wall and said spandrel beam and veneer, a continuous sheet metal flashing embeddedlin the. mort'ar'v layer and extending to said spandrel beam, said flashing extending downwardly between the spandrel beam and veneer to said shelf.

7. A building construction as defined in claim 6 in which a sheet metal reglet is embedded in said spandrel beam and'said cap flashing is secured in said reglet. I

8'. A building construction as defined in claim 6 in which a sheet metal reglet is embedded in said spandrel beam and said cap flashing is mechanically locked in said reglet.

9. In a flashing for buildings, a sheet metal reglet, a flashing cooperating therewith, and. cooperating interlocking means on said flashing and reglet for mechanically locking said flashing in said reglet in one of a plurality of adjusted positions without the use of additional fastening devices.

10. In a flashing for buildings, a sheet metal reglet comprising a base, an angularly extending hollow extension opening into said base, a flash-- ing cooperating with said reglet and formed with an angularly disposed portion adapted to enter said extension, a plurality of notches in said hollow extension, and a locking tongue on the angularly disposed end of said flashing adapted for self-locking engagement selectively with one of said notches.

11. In a flashing for buildings, a sheet metal reglet comprising a base, an angularly extending hollow extension opening into said base, a flashing cooperating with said reglet and formed with an angularly disposed portion adapted to enter said extension, a plurality of Z-shaped notches in said hollow extension, and a locking tongue on the angularly disposed end of said flashing adapted for self-locking engagment selectively with one of said notches.

12. In a flashing for biuldings, a sheet metal reglet comprising a base, an angularly extending hollow extension opening into said base, a flashing cooperating with said reglet and formed with an angularly disposed portion adapted to enter said extension, a plurality of Z-shaped notches formed in the upper face of said hollow extension, and a locking tongue 0n the angularly disposed end of said flashing adapted for self-locking engagement selectively with one of said notches.

13. In a flashing for buildings, a sheet metal reglet comprising a base, an angularly extending hollow extension opening into said base, a flashing cooperating with said reglet and formed with an angularly disposed portion adapted to enter said extension, a plurality of Z-shaped notches formed in the lower face of said hollow extension, and a locking tongue on the angularly disposed end of said flashing adapted for self-locking engagement selectively with one-of said notches.

14. In a flashing for buildings, a molded supporting body, a sheet metal reglet adapted to be molded into said supporting body, said reglet having a base adapted to be disposed flush with one face of said body, a hollow extension embedded in said body and disposed angularly with respect to said base, a cooperating sheet metal flashing having a part adapted to extend into said hollow extension, and cooperating interlocking means in said extension and on said flashing :part adapted for self-locking engagement upon insertion of said part into said extension.

' 15'. A flashing for buildings as defined in claim 14 characterized in that the cooperating interlocking means are formed by one or more'notches in the extension, and a reversely vbent tongue on the flashing part.

16. A flashing for buildings as defined in claim :14. characterized in that the cooperating interlocking means are formed by a series of dependingprojections extending into said hollow extension and a reversely bent tongue on said flashing