US2259202A - Thread control device for rayon spinning machines - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 14, 1941. w. B. COOPER 2,259,202

THREAD CONTROL DEVICE FOR RAYON SPINNING MACHINES Filed March 16, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I INVENTOR M/fr/o 5; (00,0 er BY W 7 cl/mow.

ATTORN EYS Oct. 14, 1941. w COOPER 2,259,202

THREAD CONTROL DEVICE FOR RAYON SPINNING MACHINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 16, 1938 ask. 0 5 N 0 08) BY fiwmvm Mmwww ATTORN EY5 Patented Oct. 14, 1941 THREAD CONTROL DEVICE FOR. RAYON SPINNING MACHINES Wilfrid B. Cooper, Rome, Ga., assignorto Tubize Chatillon Corporation, .New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application March 16, 1938, Serial No. 196,182

5 Claims.

' This invention relates to rayon spinning and particularly to godets, drawing wheels and pulleys, and has for its object the provision of improved-devices of that character. The invention aims to provide an improved godet, drawing wheel or pulley (hereinafter called a control device) having replaceable elements for making contact with or taking the wear of the thread.

In the spinning of rayon, the thread is subjected to various spinning effects, which are generally known, in its passage over godets, drawing wheels or pulleys. It is difficult, if not practically impossible, to obtain uniformity of spinning ef-v feet when the smoothness of the thread-contacting surfaces of the control device varies appreciably during the'useful life of the device. 1 Moreover, control devices which become rough, injure the filaments and impair the value of the thread. Rayon thread, especially pigmented rayon thread, has the property of wearing the surfaces of the control devices over which it passes, in normal spinning operations, as a result of either or both, corrosion and abrasion. The materials used or suggested heretofore for control devices are worn or corroded away, usually as a result of the slippage of the thread, or the corrosive solutions remaining on the thread. Certain materials become progressively smoother during use, while others become progressively rougher. In certain spinning operations the thread is passed success'ively over a plurality of drawing-wheels or g0- dets and is subjected to various tension effects such as step by step stretching or stretching in certain stages and contraction in other stages.

Insuch operations the thread is permitted to I slip, for example, as much as 40 percent, on the surface of the control device. In order that the stretch or contraction effect accompanying a given'amount of slippage be uniform, it is necessar that" the smoothness of the thread-contacting acter of the thread-contacting surfaces of the control devices. In certain other spinning operations, for example, the thread may be subjected to what is known as minus-tension spinning" or slip-spinning in which th thread is passed from the spinerette over a godet or drawing wheel and then to a bobbin. The thread travels at a lower speed than the peripheral speed of the godet and there is a slippage of the thread on the contact surface of the godet. While uniform smoothness ofthe contactsurface is necessary or desirable in the various spinning operations from a standpoint of the properties imparted to the thread, excessive roughness of contact surface is decidedly objectionable in all instancesbecause of filament breakage and thread injury.

. This invention aims to overcome the aforementioned difficulties and to provideimproved control devices which have thread-contacting surfaces of easily maintained uniform or unimsurface of the control device remain substantially unchanged for a considerable period. Unless the thread is uniformly stretched it will not have uniform properties, such as uniformity of denier, uniformity ofdyeing afiinity, etc. In order to produce such uniformity it is necessary that all of the thread of a particular type undergoing production at a given time uniformly stretched. It is, accordingly, necessary that each control device used in producing a given type of thread induce the same stretch efi'ect to the thread to obtain uniformity of thread type. It is extremely difficult to obtain uniform stretch, for example, on all the machines of a given plant at the present time because .of the variable charpaired smoothness. A control device embodying the features of the invention comprises a rotatable base member upon which thread-contacting elements ar mounted so as to provide a succession of abrasion resistant ridges extending in the longitudinal direction of the device. The base member may be merely a hub and it may resemble generally a conventional godet, drawing wheel or pulley, as the case may be. The base member is provided with means for mounting any desired number of contact elements, preferably in spaced relation on the periphery of the base member, the exterior surfaces of which are concentric with the shaft upon which the base member is mounted. The invention has for an object the provision of a contro1 device having detachably mounted thereon a plurality of thread-contacting lements of special form and composition. The elements may be formed to fit certain mounting means of the base member and are adapted to be changed when neces sary to present a new surface to the thread as a result, for example, of'excessive wear, or of any impairment in the surface smoothness which might 'cause rupture of the delicate filaments.

In a pre'ferredconstruction, the contact elements are made of materials the surface characteristics of which do not change appreciably during use. Such materials are relatively expensive and extremely difficult to form except in small pieces of simple shapes. The most desirable materials are either too expensive or too difficult to make in the large and intricate forms of present control devices. The base member vention will be best understood from the follow-- ing discussion taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-section of a godet or drawing wheel embodying; the invention;

Fig. 2 is a front-end elevationv of. the godet of" Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-section of another godet or drawing wheel embodying the invention;

Fig. 4 afront-end elevation of the godet of 3.;

Fig; 5 a longitudinal cross-section'of a pulley embodying the invention;

6 is a, vi'ew along ,the line 6-6. of Fig. 5;

Fig. .71 isv a, fragmentary perspective of one form. of contact element mounting;

Fig... 8. is a fragmentary perspective of a godet showing another form of contact element, and its mounting;

j 9; a longitudinal sectional view of another form of godet or. drawing wheel embodying the invention;

Fig.10. isavi'ew along theline. Ill-I'll of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is aview alongthe. line l|.--l'l' of Fig. 9; 1 12} a. longitudinal sectional View of another form of control device in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 13-. is: a front-end elevation of the godet of. Fig. 12;

fFig-..14 is alongitudinal, sectional view. of a pulley embodying. the invention;

.Fi-g. 15. is a -fron-t-end. elevation of the pulley of Fig .14;-

. F-ig.-16-is a longitudinal sectionalview of still a different form of control device'of the. invention; i

Fig.1? isa view alongthe line III-41: of Fig. 16. 'Asv shownin thedrawings, the control device of the, invention comprises a basemember B whichmay'bemadeof glass, molded or machined plastics, such. asacid resistant Bakelite, vulcanized rubber, corrosion resistant metal, or the like. and is' suitably provided for mounting upon ayshaftj S; On the: periphery ofthe base memher; a plurality of contact, elements C are mounted: The contact. elements arepreferably in the: form of. rods bjarsorplates' and are preferably .detachabl'y" or: mapla'ceably attached to the base. member. I have; found that. fused ceramic materials of: a; porcela-neons nature made of or containing. high percentages of titanium oxide are especially advantageous. Ceramic products or this nature madeby theAmerican Lava Company having the following: identifying names and approximate. compositions: Body Q 192; S102 1.62, A1203; 02.43;?Ii02 9.7.7.67, NaaO: 0.0.4, K20- 0211; and Body EH90; 'SiQz' 6.32,.A12Qt; 8:0, TiOz 89.3, MgO 0.02, K20 011, BaO 0133, S03 0.17,. are especially important and advantageous for the purposes: of this invention. These products are especially suited for contact elements. used in the spinning or rayon; thread pigmented. with hard or abrasive material such, as titanium oxide. I have also found that ceramic materials containing high percentages of titanium oxide may be theform of rods.

used as guides or pulleys in all places on a spinning machine where its properties of resistance to corrosion long wear and uniform smoothness are factors determining the use of the material.

Figs. 1 and 2 show a godet, or drawing wheel, of the double-type (i. e., comprising contiguous tapered ridged and smooth surfaces) in which the base member B is preferably formed of one of the non-metallic materials, hereinbefore mentioned, and is attached to a metal hub 1 adapted to be mounted upon or attached to the shaft S. The periphery 2 is tapered or conical in' form and has a plurality of evenly spaced recessed portions or grooves 3 thereon which are formed to accommodate contact elements C in The front end portion 4 has a smooth peripheral surface 5 and the exterior edges or surfaces of the contact elements C preferably project above thesmooth surface 5. The contact elements are held in position within the grooves by means of a ring 6 which may be formed of metal or plastic material, or-an elastic rubber band. In using the device shown in. Figs. 1 and 2, the thread is passed over the portion which is studded with the contact elements'and as the elements become Worn the. ring 6 may be removed thereby making it, possible. to turn the contact elements to a new position without removing them, or replacing the worn elements with an entirely new setof elements.

Figs. 3 and 4' illustrate. a god'et, or drawing wheel. embodying features similar to that illusttratedgin. Figs. 1 and. 2, comprising a base memberB' of molded, orv plastic material. mounted; upon a metallic hub, lj. The-hub is formed to provide aflange I havingarecess 8i therein and the base member is pressed into or. attached in the, recess; In this constructionthe ends of. the contact elements C extendinto the recess and are completely enveloped in a suitable cement such as Bakelite or sulphur- Any thermoplastic cement or material maybe used and. whenthe. contact elements becomeworn or otherwise impaired the. hub may be heated to soften. the cement. thereby making, it possible to turn each element, to anew position or to replace it with a new element. It. is important that the cement be. impervious to the effect of the usual; spinning solutions.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a conventional type pulley having; a base member 13 mounted upon the shaft S, the exterior or cylindrical portion of which is studded witha plurality of evenly spaced contact elements C in the, form of rods- The mounting means in the base member are holes- 3 which are formed either by boring or molding, and the longitudinal centers of the holes are so positioned with respect to the cylindrical surface ofthe body member that the inserted con.- tact element projects thereabove. The holes do not extend completely through the base memberand this forms: an abutment for the contactelements at one end of the basemember- The opposite end has an annular recess l0 into which. is screwed or otherwise fastened a ring member H- which abuts against the opposite ends of the gontact elements thereby securing them in posiion.

Fig. 7 is-a fragmentary perspective of a godet or drawing wheel in which the base member B has-an end flange l3 and slots oftriangular crosssection for inserting therein. triangularly formed contact elements C. Fig. 8 is a view similar to that of Fig. '1 and illustrates contact elements (3. in the form of flat plates inserted edgewise in correspondingly formed slots on the peripheral surface of the base member B.

The control device illustrated in Figs. 9, l and 11 has a base member in two sections l and I6. Section l5 has an annular row of holes ll into which the ends of the contact elements C are inserted, a flange l8 and a hub recess l9. Section l6 has an annular row of holes 20 which intersect the peripheral edge 2|, in which the contact elements C may be inserted, and a hub extension 22. In assembling the device, the contact elements are slipped into the holes i! and 20 and the hub extension 22 is slipped into the hub recess l9. After the various elements are assembled as shown in Fig. 9, the locking members 23 are fastened to the shaft as by means of a set screw (not shown). When the device is loosely mounted on the shaft, the sections may be held together as by the set screw 24.

The control device illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13 comprises a base member B of very simple con struction having a plurality of annularly spaced slots or recesses 25 preferably of the same width as the contact elements C. Each slot is provided with one or more extensions 25. The contact elements are inserted in the slots 25 and a suitable cement 2? poured into each hole. The cement enters the extension 26 and is thus prevented from being displaced or slipping out. In this construction the contact elements are supported as cantilevers and they may be arranged so that the exteriors embrace either a cone or a cylinder. To aid in assembling the elements, a suitably shaped mask or frame 28 may be spaced concentrically with the shaft S and the contact 1 elements C supported thereon until the cement is poured into the recesses and hardened. The mask is, of course, removed when the device is ready for use.

The control device of Figs. 14 and 15 is a pulley of very simple construction comprising a base member B in which the contact elements C are embedded. The contact elements are preferably flat plates and may be molded in the base member or fitted into slots.

Figs. 16 and 1'7 illustrate a control device in which the base member B has an annular recess into which a detachable part B may be inserted and secured as by the stub bolts 30. The part B has a plurality of spaced slots 3| in which the contact elements C are securely mounted by any of the means hereinbefore described. In changing or removing the contact elements the entire part B is removed from the part B. In this construction all of the contact elements may be removed in operation without removing the entire control device from the apparatus.

The various slots and grooves for mounting the contact elements and the contact elements themselves may be of any suitable cross-sectional forms. The rods may, for example, be square, triangular, circular or rectangular in cross-section and the grooves may be of similar forms. The rectangular or flat plates are especially advantageous because they may be worn completely through to the base member without changing width. This is important because where the width increases with wear, the thread-contacting surface increases and the tension on the thread is correspondingly increased. In the case of rectangular contact elements or fiat plates such as those shown in Figs. 8 and 14, the thread-contasting surfaces are preferably arcuate, the curve preferably corresponding to the curve of the thread as it passes over the godet.

While the contact elements may be held in position in the slots, grooves or recesses, by means of cement or support members, such as rings or elastic bands, it is contemplated that they may be held in the slots, grooves or recesses merely by reason of the tightness of the fit.

I claim:

1. A control device for the spinning of rayon thread which comprises a base member adapted to be mounted upon a shaft, a plurality of contact elements in the form of rods made of a ceramic material containing titanium dioxide as its principal constituent, and means for mounting the contact elements in spaced relation on the base member and concentric with the shaft, whereby the contact elements form a plurality of thread-contacting surfaces.

2. A control device for the spinning of rayon thread which comprises a base member, and a plurality of contact elements secured to the base member and arranged to form a thread-contacting surface, said contact elements being formed of a solid ceramic material the major portion of which is titanium dioxide.

3. A control device for the spinning of rayon thread which comprises a base member, a plurality of contact elements each of which is securely mounted in a recess in the base member in such a manner that a surface of each contact element is exposed, the exposed surfaces forming a contact surfacefor the rayon thread, said contact elements being formed of a solid ceramic material consisting largely of titanium dioxide.

4. A control device according to claim 3 in which the contact elements contain more than about 89 per cent by weight of titanium dioxide.

5. A control device for the spinning of rayon thread which comprises a base member arranged to be mounted upon a shaft, said base member having a thread-contacting surface formed of a ceramic material containing a high percentage of TiOz, said ceramic material having the property of effectively resisting the abrasive action of rayon thread and of maintaining surface uniformity.

WILFRID B. COOPER.

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