US2257691A - Spray nozzle - Google Patents

Spray nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
US2257691A
US2257691A US241006A US24100638A US2257691A US 2257691 A US2257691 A US 2257691A US 241006 A US241006 A US 241006A US 24100638 A US24100638 A US 24100638A US 2257691 A US2257691 A US 2257691A
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United States
Prior art keywords
outlet
chamber
spray
tube
nozzle
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US241006A
Inventor
Charles R Keep
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BF Sturtevant Co
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BF Sturtevant Co
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Publication date
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Priority to US241006A priority Critical patent/US2257691A/en
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Publication of US2257691A publication Critical patent/US2257691A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/10—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge producing a swirling discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3426—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels emerging in the swirl chamber perpendicularly to the outlet axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3478—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet the liquid flowing at least two different courses before reaching the swirl chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0408—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing two or more liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
    • F24F6/12—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by forming water dispersions in the air

Definitions

  • This invention relates to spray nozzles and relates more particularly to spray nozzles for producing a large volume of spray over a wide angle and under low pressure.
  • nozzles providing wide angles of spray.
  • the nozzles now in general use introduce the water tangentially into a tapered chamber having a discharge outlet at its narrowest portion.
  • the water emerges from such a nozzle in the form of a whirling hollow cone of spray.
  • the wide angle is achieved but a relatively large pressure is required for spraying a relatively small volume of water.
  • little or no spray occurs within the hollow cone leaving open unsprayed areas.
  • An object of this invention is to spray a relatively large volume of liquid through a Wide angle.
  • Another object of the invention is to spray a relatively large volume of liquid through a wide, angle under low liquid pressure..
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved spray nozzle.
  • Fig. 1 is a front elevation of one embodiment of a spray nozzle according to this invention
  • Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the nozzle of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view along the lines 3-3 of Fig- 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view along the lines 4-4 of Fig. 1, and
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 4 but illustrating another form of nozzle.
  • the spray nozzle has the hollow tapered chamber Ill of circular cross-section which is closed off at its broadest end by the plug II and which has at its narrowest end the centrally located tapered outlet opening [2.
  • a cylindrical opening I3 extends from the chamber I0 into the threaded base I4 which is adapted to be screwed onto a liquid supply pipe or header.
  • the opening I3 is arranged to feed liquid tangentially to the interior of the chamber I0 so that the liquid entering th chamber whirls circumferentially around the interior of the chamber until it emerges from the outlet I2.
  • the construction described so far is old in the art and provides a wide angled hollow cone of spray.
  • This invention provides means for projecting a stream of liquid to co-act with the whirling liquid adjacent its point of emergence from the whirl chamber to provide a greatly increased volume of spray at greatly reduced pressure.
  • the spray is projected in a wide angle forming a (Cl. 299-) a cone filled with spray to provide greater air' to liquid contact.
  • the tube I5 is arranged with its outlet end centrally to the rear of the outlet opening I 2 and spaced therefrom. The tube extends into the chamber I0 and along. its axial line, a substantial distance and then turns through a right angle to extend through the neck of the nozzle in an opening alongside the opening I3.
  • the other and inner end of the tube communicates with the interior of the base I4 to receive a portion of the liquid which enters th nozzle.
  • the tube I5 could extend within the opening I3 but in that case, it would decrease the area of the opening I3 which is not so desirable.
  • the tube. I5 has its outermost portion arranged withinv the whirl chamber In as in Figs. 1-4, but its outer end It extends externally from the nozzle for connection to the source supplying liquid to the nozzle or to another source.
  • the tube I5. does not merely project a separate stream of liquid to fill up all or a portion of the hollow cone of spray which would be provided by the nozzle if the tube. I5 were omitted.
  • the jet of water from the tube I5 changes the characteristics of the whirling liquid adjacent and in the outlet opening I2.
  • the diameter of the vtube I5 and its spacing from the outlet l2 are important taken together and with respect to the diameter of the outlet I 2. It is also desirable that the tube I5 extend along the axial line of the chamber I 0 for a substantial distance back of the outlet I2 so that the jet from the tube moves centrally into the outlet I2.
  • the tube I5 had an inner diameter of and an outer diameter of The orifice of inner diameter of the opening I2 was 0.182".
  • the tube I5 was spaced to the rear of the outlet I2. It is preferred that this distance be not less than the outer diameter of the tube I5.
  • the discharge cone was filled with spray instead was sprayed through almost double the angle through the use of this invention.
  • the outer diameter of the outlet i2 is not so Q important except that it must provide a diverging outlet to enable the spray to leave the nozzle in a cone. Utilizing this invention, a cone of spray is produced in an angle much greater than the angle indicated in the drawing by th sides of the diverging outlet I2.
  • An air washer spray nozzle having a whirl chamber with sharply curved'converging walls, said walls being cut away to form a substantially cone shaped diverging outlet to the interior of said chamber, the innermost end of said outlet and the outermost end of said chamber meeting in substantially point contact, said chamber having a tangential liquid inlet, and a tube having its delivery end in said chamber in axial alignment with and spaced to the rear of said outlet for spraying liquid into the liquid leaving said outlet from said chamber to provide a wide angle spray of relatively coarse droplets, the inner diameter of said outlet being substantially greater than the outer diameter of said end of said tube and said end of said tube being spaced from said outlet a distance not less than the outer diameter of said end.
  • An air washer spray nozzle comprising a base adapted to be fitted to a liquid supply connection, a sharply curved converging whirl chamber, walls forming a liquid supply passage extending axially from said base to connect tangentially with said chamber, said chamber having an axial cone shaped diverging outlet formed through its walls, the innermost end of said outlet and the outermost end of said chamber meeting in substantially point contact, a tube having a portion'with an outer diameter less than the inner diameter of said outlet extending within and axially of said chamber to the rear of said outlet and spaced therefrom a distance less than the outer diameter of said portion, said tube having another portion bent at right angles and extending through said passage and terminating in said base.
  • An air washer spray nozzle comprising a base adapted to be fitted to a liquid supply connection, a sharply curved converging whirl chamber, walls forming a liquid supply passage extending axially from said base to connect tangentially with said chamber, said chamber having an axial cone shaped diverging outlet formed through its walls, the innermost end of said outlet and theoutermost end of said chamber meeting in substantially point contact, a tube having a portion with an outer diameter less than the inner diameter of said outlet extending within and axially of said chamber to the rear of said outlet and spaced therefrom a distance less than the outer diameter of said portion, said tube having another portion bent at right angles and extending through a wall of said passage and terminating in said base, said wall being cut away to accommodate said last mentioned portion of said tube.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Description

Sept. 30, 1941 c. R. KEEP 2,257,691
SPRAY NOZZLE Filed Nov. 17, 1958 11706141161 l Camus I? KEEP 1 W l i y gawzaa LEM/221 1163 Patented Sept. 30, 1941 Charles R. Keep,
Norwood, Mass, assignor to.
B. F. Sturtevant Company, Boston, Mass. Application November 17, 1938, Serial No. 241,006
3 Claims.
This invention relates to spray nozzles and relates more particularly to spray nozzles for producing a large volume of spray over a wide angle and under low pressure.
In producing a water spray for air conditioning, it is desirable to use nozzles providing wide angles of spray. The nozzles now in general use introduce the water tangentially into a tapered chamber having a discharge outlet at its narrowest portion. The water emerges from such a nozzle in the form of a whirling hollow cone of spray. In such a nozzle the wide angle is achieved but a relatively large pressure is required for spraying a relatively small volume of water. Furthermore, little or no spray occurs within the hollow cone leaving open unsprayed areas.
An object of this invention is to spray a relatively large volume of liquid through a Wide angle.
Another object of the invention is to spray a relatively large volume of liquid through a wide, angle under low liquid pressure..
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved spray nozzle.
Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the drawing.
The invention will now be described with reference to the drawing, of which:
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of one embodiment of a spray nozzle according to this invention;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the nozzle of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a sectional view along the lines 3-3 of Fig- 2;
Fig. 4 is a sectional view along the lines 4-4 of Fig. 1, and
Fig. 5 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 4 but illustrating another form of nozzle.
The spray nozzle has the hollow tapered chamber Ill of circular cross-section which is closed off at its broadest end by the plug II and which has at its narrowest end the centrally located tapered outlet opening [2. A cylindrical opening I3 extends from the chamber I0 into the threaded base I4 which is adapted to be screwed onto a liquid supply pipe or header. The opening I3 is arranged to feed liquid tangentially to the interior of the chamber I0 so that the liquid entering th chamber whirls circumferentially around the interior of the chamber until it emerges from the outlet I2. The construction described so far is old in the art and provides a wide angled hollow cone of spray.
This invention provides means for projecting a stream of liquid to co-act with the whirling liquid adjacent its point of emergence from the whirl chamber to provide a greatly increased volume of spray at greatly reduced pressure. The spray is projected in a wide angle forming a (Cl. 299-) a cone filled with spray to provide greater air' to liquid contact. In the embodiment illustrated by Figs. 1-4 inclusive, the tube I5 is arranged with its outlet end centrally to the rear of the outlet opening I 2 and spaced therefrom. The tube extends into the chamber I0 and along. its axial line, a substantial distance and then turns through a right angle to extend through the neck of the nozzle in an opening alongside the opening I3. The other and inner end of the tube communicates with the interior of the base I4 to receive a portion of the liquid which enters th nozzle. The tube I5 could extend within the opening I3 but in that case, it would decrease the area of the opening I3 which is not so desirable.
In the embodiment illustrated by Fig. 5, the tube. I5 has its outermost portion arranged withinv the whirl chamber In as in Figs. 1-4, but its outer end It extends externally from the nozzle for connection to the source supplying liquid to the nozzle or to another source.
The tube I5. does not merely project a separate stream of liquid to fill up all or a portion of the hollow cone of spray which would be provided by the nozzle if the tube. I5 were omitted. The jet of water from the tube I5 changes the characteristics of the whirling liquid adjacent and in the outlet opening I2. The diameter of the vtube I5 and its spacing from the outlet l2 are important taken together and with respect to the diameter of the outlet I 2. It is also desirable that the tube I5 extend along the axial line of the chamber I 0 for a substantial distance back of the outlet I2 so that the jet from the tube moves centrally into the outlet I2.
In one successful embodiment in a nozzle drawn substantially to scale in the drawing hereof, the tube I5 had an inner diameter of and an outer diameter of The orifice of inner diameter of the opening I2 was 0.182". The tube I5 was spaced to the rear of the outlet I2. It is preferred that this distance be not less than the outer diameter of the tube I5. With a similar nozzle without a tube I5, one and one-half gallons per minute of water at twenty pounds per square inch pressure were projected through an angle of 45". With the nozzle described herein connected to the same water header, th following results were obtained.
The discharge cone was filled with spray instead was sprayed through almost double the angle through the use of this invention.
The outer diameter of the outlet i2 is not so Q important except that it must provide a diverging outlet to enable the spray to leave the nozzle in a cone. Utilizing this invention, a cone of spray is produced in an angle much greater than the angle indicated in the drawing by th sides of the diverging outlet I2.
While one or more embodiments of the invention have been described for the purpose of illustration,'it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the exact apparatus and arrangement of apparatus described, since many departures may suggest themselves to those skilled in the art without departure from the invention.
What is claimed is:
1. An air washer spray nozzle having a whirl chamber with sharply curved'converging walls, said walls being cut away to form a substantially cone shaped diverging outlet to the interior of said chamber, the innermost end of said outlet and the outermost end of said chamber meeting in substantially point contact, said chamber having a tangential liquid inlet, and a tube having its delivery end in said chamber in axial alignment with and spaced to the rear of said outlet for spraying liquid into the liquid leaving said outlet from said chamber to provide a wide angle spray of relatively coarse droplets, the inner diameter of said outlet being substantially greater than the outer diameter of said end of said tube and said end of said tube being spaced from said outlet a distance not less than the outer diameter of said end.
2. An air washer spray nozzle comprising a base adapted to be fitted to a liquid supply connection, a sharply curved converging whirl chamber, walls forming a liquid supply passage extending axially from said base to connect tangentially with said chamber, said chamber having an axial cone shaped diverging outlet formed through its walls, the innermost end of said outlet and the outermost end of said chamber meeting in substantially point contact, a tube having a portion'with an outer diameter less than the inner diameter of said outlet extending within and axially of said chamber to the rear of said outlet and spaced therefrom a distance less than the outer diameter of said portion, said tube having another portion bent at right angles and extending through said passage and terminating in said base.
3. An air washer spray nozzle comprising a base adapted to be fitted to a liquid supply connection, a sharply curved converging whirl chamber, walls forming a liquid supply passage extending axially from said base to connect tangentially with said chamber, said chamber having an axial cone shaped diverging outlet formed through its walls, the innermost end of said outlet and theoutermost end of said chamber meeting in substantially point contact, a tube having a portion with an outer diameter less than the inner diameter of said outlet extending within and axially of said chamber to the rear of said outlet and spaced therefrom a distance less than the outer diameter of said portion, said tube having another portion bent at right angles and extending through a wall of said passage and terminating in said base, said wall being cut away to accommodate said last mentioned portion of said tube.
CHARLES R. KEEP.
US241006A 1938-11-17 1938-11-17 Spray nozzle Expired - Lifetime US2257691A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2415794A (en) * 1945-05-10 1947-02-11 B F Sturtevant Co Spray nozzle
US2429267A (en) * 1944-07-07 1947-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Spray nozzle
US2511753A (en) * 1946-02-01 1950-06-13 Hauck Mfg Co Vapor discharge plug for liquid fuel burners
US2578392A (en) * 1949-05-14 1951-12-11 Viking Corp Spray nozzle
US2692800A (en) * 1951-10-08 1954-10-26 Gen Electric Nozzle flow control
US3923253A (en) * 1974-05-21 1975-12-02 Grefco Spraying nozzle

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2429267A (en) * 1944-07-07 1947-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Spray nozzle
US2415794A (en) * 1945-05-10 1947-02-11 B F Sturtevant Co Spray nozzle
US2511753A (en) * 1946-02-01 1950-06-13 Hauck Mfg Co Vapor discharge plug for liquid fuel burners
US2578392A (en) * 1949-05-14 1951-12-11 Viking Corp Spray nozzle
US2692800A (en) * 1951-10-08 1954-10-26 Gen Electric Nozzle flow control
US3923253A (en) * 1974-05-21 1975-12-02 Grefco Spraying nozzle

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