US2251965A - Color photography and color photograph - Google Patents

Color photography and color photograph Download PDF

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Publication number
US2251965A
US2251965A US195386A US19538638A US2251965A US 2251965 A US2251965 A US 2251965A US 195386 A US195386 A US 195386A US 19538638 A US19538638 A US 19538638A US 2251965 A US2251965 A US 2251965A
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United States
Prior art keywords
layer
color
emulsion
image
light
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Expired - Lifetime
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US195386A
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English (en)
Inventor
Verkinderen Honore
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Gevaert Photo Producten NV
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Gevaert Photo Producten NV
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
    • G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to color photography.
  • the invention has for its object an improvement in color photography and consists in a method which through color development enables a dilTerently colored image to be produced in each of the separate emulsion layers of a multilayer photographic material.
  • thechoice of the dyes is limited, owing to the fact that the diierent colors have to be produced with the oxidation products of one and the same developer: the dyestuii components added to the emulsion have a detrimental effect on the durability of the emulsion; iinally the fixing of the dyestu components in the different emulsion layers so that they will not wander from one layer into the other is a problem which is diicult to solve.
  • each layer is developed separately by means of a suit-able developer, to which a suitable dye component is added.
  • a suitable dye component for carrying this into effeet the so-called controlled penetration Ol the baths into lthe superposed emulsion layers is employed.
  • certain chemicals which greatly retard the penetration of the Abaths in the emulsion layers, are added to the baths, the penetration of which it is desired to control.
  • the action of the bath is checked, so that it is thus possible 'to operate separately on each layer.
  • the practical application of the controlled penetration of the baths is however very complicated and requires a very exact and difficult control.
  • the treatment of a lm by this method takes much time, as before each treatment, in which the penetration of the bath is to be controlled, the film has to be dried.
  • eachlemulsion layer of a multilayer material is also developed with the desired developer, to which a suitable dye component is added. For enabling each indi- 50 sharp one.
  • each l-ayer is carried out by a method which might be called the controlled penetration of light.
  • the emulsion layer ihstead of being exposed to ordinary light, is exposed to a light which is strongly absorbed by the emulsion l-ayer.
  • a gelatine emulsion layer be exposed for instance to short wave ultra-Violet light, a light which, as is Well known, is strongly absorbed by the gelatine, it will be found, on a microscopic crosssection of the developed material, being made, that the boundary in depth between the zone Where all the silver grains and the zone where no silver grains have been developed is a very This boundary is all the sharper, the more thoroughly the light used is absorbed by the emulsion layer.
  • the boundary between the zone showing the maximum density and the zone showing no blackening the emulsion a dyestufr which strongly absorbs the light with the wave-length employed.
  • the exposure be made for instance to blue light, and the emulsion be dyed yellow before the exposure.
  • the process according to the invention is based on the phenomenon just described and consists furthermore in this, that in the first place one of the outer emulsion layers of a multilayer material, either the top or the bottom emulsion layer, is separately exposed to a light which is strongly absorbed by the emulsion, that the emulsion layer thus exposed is thereupon de veloped with a color developer which produces a colored image in the desired color and that finally the emulsion layer which follows the developed layer or the other outer emulsion layer is in the same way separately exposed and developed with a suitable color developer and the further layers are treated successively in the same way.
  • the remaining last layer may of course be exposed to ordinary light which is not absorbed by the emulsion.
  • the three-layer material for instance which is used for the production of images in natural colors, is of the known type.
  • On a support the following layers are coated, one over the other: an emulsion layer sensitised for red; a gelatine layer which may contain a red filtering dyestuf; an emulsion layer sensitised for green; a gelatine layer which may contain a yellow filtering dyestui; finally an emulsion layer which is not sensitised and is therefore only sensitive to blue.
  • the yellow filtering dyestuf may alternatively be added to the uppermost emulsion layer instead of to the underlaying Gelatine layer.
  • gelatine layers Vbetween the various emulsions are not indispensable, their presence is of advantage, They offer great advantages for the reason that they make it possible, when the individual light-sentitive layers are separately exposed, to employ a more thorough exposure and thus make allowance for the differences in thickness of the layers.
  • the three-layer material is exposed in an ordinary photographic or cinematographic camera; through the exposure a latent image is formed, viz. by the blue rays in the upper, the green rays in the intermediate and the red rays in the lower light-sensitive layer. After exposure in the camera the three-layer material is developed in an ordinary developer and thoroughly fixed. In this way three images are produced, one in each emulsion layer. 'I'he silver developed in the three layers is then reconverted by one of the known methods into light-sensitive halogen silver, whereupon each' halogen silver image is separately developed to a color image of deinite color.
  • the procedure is for instance such that the lower emulsion layer is exposed from the back of the film to short wave ultra-Violet light, this exposure being so adjusted according to intensity and duration that the layer is rendered developable through and through, whereas the other two layers remain undevelopable.
  • the material exposed in this manner is thereupon developed with a color developer which develops the halogen silver image in the lower layer and gives a blue-green color image.
  • a suitable developer is, for instance:
  • the film When the film has been washed after development, it is treated for two minutes in a bath of tartrazine solution, The upper emulsion layer is then exposed from above to short wave ultraviolet light.
  • the intensity of' exposure and the concentration of the tartrazine solution are regulated in such a manner that the penetration of the light remains limited to the upper emulsion layer which is itself rendered developable through and through.
  • the material After this exposure the material is developed in a color developer which develops the halogen silver image in the upper layer and gives a yellow color image.
  • a suitable developer is, for instance:
  • the film After development the film is exposed to white light and exposed through and through, whereby the halogen silver image in the middle layer as well is rendered developable; after this exposure the material is developed in a color developer which develops the halogen silver image in the middle layer and gives a magenta color image.
  • a suitable developer is, for instance:
  • the metallic silver is removed from the material, for instance by farmers reducer.
  • a negative color image is obtained, in which the images consist exclusively of color gelatine. If such a negative lm be printed on a similar three-layer material and this material be treated by the process described above, a positive color image in natural colors is finally obtained.
  • the process described above may of course be modified in many ways.
  • the reduced silver may be removed from this layer and thereupon the three-layer material be dyed a diffused yellow by immersion in a 5% solution of tartrazine.
  • the so-treated threelayer material may then be exposed again from the reverse side, for instance with ⁇ dark blue light which is not absorbed by the color image in the lower layer, but is absorbed by yellow dyestuff which enters the material, owing to its treatment in the bath of tartrazine solution.
  • the length of exposure may be so regulated that the light illuminates the middle layer through and through and renders it developable, without the upper layer being rendered developable.
  • the halogen silver image in the middle layer may then be developed with the developer already given under Formula 3 to a magenta color image, whereupon the material may be exposed to white light and the halogen silver image in the upper layer developed to a yellow color image by means of the developer according to Formula 2.
  • the material may be developedl directly to a positive image, namely by the known reversal method.
  • the material after being exposed in the camera, is first developed, whereupon the reduced silver is removed from the material, for instance by means of an acid solution of sodium permanganate.
  • a positive halogen silver image will thus remain in each layer.
  • Each of these halogen silver images may be developed by the processes already described to a color image .of the desired color, so that, aft-er remova1 of the silver reduced during the color development, a positive image in natural colors is left.
  • differentially color-sensitive emulsion layers having a latent image of a color component of said color image in each of said layers which comprises converting the latent image in each of said layers into a corresponding light-sensitive silver salt image, said layers being otherwise undifferentiated, exposing one side of said material to short-wave, ultra-violet light which is strongly absorbed by the gelatin of said emulsion layers independently of the presence of any other light absorbent and selected as to intensity to be substantially wholly absorbed by said gelatin of the outer emulsion layer on the exposed side of the material whereby the silver salt image in said layer is converted into a corresponding latent image without substantially affeecting the silver salt image in the layer below it, developing the latent image formed by said exposure to a corresponding color image, thereafter exposing the other side of said material to short-wave, ultraviolet light which is strongly absorbed by the gelatin of said emulsion layers independently of the presence of any other light absorbent and selected as to intensity to be substantially wholly absorbed by said gelatin of the outer
  • a method of producing a composite threecolor image on a photographic material consisting of a support coated with three superposed emulsion layers containing in each of said layers a light-sensitive silver salt image corresponding to a dilerent color component of said color image, said layers being otherwise undifferentiated, which comprises exposing one side of said material to short-wave, ultra-violet light which is strongly absorbed by the gelatin of said emulsion layers independently of the presence of any other light absorbent and selected as to intensity to be substantially Wholly absorbed by the gelatin of the outer emulsion layer on the exposed side of the material whereby the silver salt image in said layer is converted into a corresponding latent image without substantially affecting the silver salt image in the layer below it, treating the material with a color developing solution adapted to convert the latent image formed in said outer layer by said exposure to a corresponding color image, thereafter exposing the other side of said material to short-wave, ultra-l violet light Which is strongly absorbed by the gelatin of said emulsion layers independently of the presence of any

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US195386A 1937-03-30 1938-03-11 Color photography and color photograph Expired - Lifetime US2251965A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT511535X 1937-03-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2251965A true US2251965A (en) 1941-08-12

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US195386A Expired - Lifetime US2251965A (en) 1937-03-30 1938-03-11 Color photography and color photograph

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US (1) US2251965A (fr)
BE (1) BE427106A (fr)
FR (1) FR835567A (fr)
GB (1) GB511535A (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2509766A (en) * 1947-01-24 1950-05-30 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Color film for normally invisible radiations
US2568208A (en) * 1947-02-17 1951-09-18 Fraunhofer Hans Von Color photography
US2592864A (en) * 1945-11-28 1952-04-15 Dufay Chromex Ltd Color photography
US2644096A (en) * 1948-02-25 1953-06-30 Radiograph Dev Corp Color radiography
US2653874A (en) * 1949-04-15 1953-09-29 Bela Gaspar Process for the production of color photographic images
US2927020A (en) * 1954-08-16 1960-03-01 David A Zilli Photographic process
US2978324A (en) * 1953-02-27 1961-04-04 Koch Processes Ltd Half-tone printing blocks
US3152938A (en) * 1957-06-12 1964-10-13 Osifchin Nicholas Method of making printed circuits
US3402046A (en) * 1963-09-23 1968-09-17 Eastman Kodak Co Multilayer color photographic elements
US3637388A (en) * 1967-12-18 1972-01-25 Agfa Gevaert Ag Process for the photographic production of equidensities
US6733381B1 (en) 2003-07-18 2004-05-11 Kurt Ploeger Roof vent and method of installation

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2592864A (en) * 1945-11-28 1952-04-15 Dufay Chromex Ltd Color photography
US2509766A (en) * 1947-01-24 1950-05-30 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Color film for normally invisible radiations
US2568208A (en) * 1947-02-17 1951-09-18 Fraunhofer Hans Von Color photography
US2644096A (en) * 1948-02-25 1953-06-30 Radiograph Dev Corp Color radiography
US2653874A (en) * 1949-04-15 1953-09-29 Bela Gaspar Process for the production of color photographic images
US2978324A (en) * 1953-02-27 1961-04-04 Koch Processes Ltd Half-tone printing blocks
US2927020A (en) * 1954-08-16 1960-03-01 David A Zilli Photographic process
US3152938A (en) * 1957-06-12 1964-10-13 Osifchin Nicholas Method of making printed circuits
US3402046A (en) * 1963-09-23 1968-09-17 Eastman Kodak Co Multilayer color photographic elements
US3637388A (en) * 1967-12-18 1972-01-25 Agfa Gevaert Ag Process for the photographic production of equidensities
US6733381B1 (en) 2003-07-18 2004-05-11 Kurt Ploeger Roof vent and method of installation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR835567A (fr) 1938-12-26
BE427106A (fr)
GB511535A (en) 1939-08-21

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