US2251923A - Ionic discharge tube - Google Patents

Ionic discharge tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US2251923A
US2251923A US303297A US30329739A US2251923A US 2251923 A US2251923 A US 2251923A US 303297 A US303297 A US 303297A US 30329739 A US30329739 A US 30329739A US 2251923 A US2251923 A US 2251923A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
mercury
discharge
vapour
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US303297A
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English (en)
Inventor
Druyvesteyn Marl Johan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Original Assignee
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hartford National Bank and Trust Co filed Critical Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2251923A publication Critical patent/US2251923A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/02—Details
    • H01J17/22—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the tube
    • H01J17/26—Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the tube

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an ionic discharge tube having a separate supply of mercury communicating with the discharge space proper via a separating member.
  • This supply serves in well-known manner for makingup for losses of the vapour filling in the tube and by its temperature to maintain a given vapour pressure therein.
  • an excessive quantity of mercury vapour received from the liquid mercury at a temporarily warmer spot may be deposited on a temporarily colder spot, e. g. on a thermally more inert electrode and cause back ignition.
  • the electrodes generally have a. higher thermal capacity than the corresponding part of the wall of the vessel and a rapid equalization of the temperatures of the electrodes and the wall of the vessel is prevented by the resistance to the flow of heat from these electrodes to the medium which serves to cool the tube.
  • the risk of harmful mercury deposit is particularly high.
  • the object of the invention is to insert, in the connecting channel, a separating member which on the one hand fully avoids the discharge of liquid mercury and on the other hand permits of altering the resistance to the passage of vapour to accord as far as possible with practical requirements without the perfect fulfillment of the first-mentioned condition being impaired even to the slightest extent.
  • the flowing resistance of the filter should be such that the quantity of mercury vapour necessary for obtaining the operative vapour pressure in the tube requires an amount of time for its passage into the discharge space which exceeds that in which the tube assumes its operative temperature. Thus the premature passage of an excessive quantity of mercury vapour is avoided in the heating-up period.
  • flowing capacity as used herein and in the claims is to be understood to-mean the number of milligrams of mercury in its vaporized state which will pass through the filter in one minute with a differential pressure of 1 mm. of Hg.
  • the porous separating body should be sintered together from a powder terial.
  • the single figure of the drawing shows an incandescent cathode rectifier tube having a mercury vapour filling for very high voltages up to about 180 kilovolts peak voltage in the non-conducting direction.
  • the discharge vessel of this tube is constituted by a glass member I carrying the stem 2 of the helical incandescent cathpde 3 which is activated by means of barium oxide and is provided with a screen 4.
  • the said glass part has connected to it in alternative order the wall'parts of metal 5, 6, 1, 8, 9 and I and also the wall parts of glass H, l2, l3, H, II and it, of which the latter one constitutes the lower closure of the vertically arranged rectifier tube.
  • This part It is provided with acomparatively narrow cylindrical extension l1 the lower end of which contains a small supply of mercury l8 which, due to correct proportioning of the extension, assumes, the temperature necessary for maintaining the desired vapour pressure of about 1 to 6 microns, viz, 20 to 40 C.
  • the supply of mercury I! is separated from the discharge space proper by a so-called glass filter I9, that is to say, a porous member which is made of glass finely pulverized and then sintered together, or in some cases of ceramic material, and which has such a cross-sectional area that irrespective of the conditions the passage of mercury vapour through the filter is practically precluded from being interfered with by the liquid mercury.
  • a temperaturelag of the metal electrodes or the screens may occur since their thermal contact with the heat transmitting surfaces is often unsatisfactory and their thermal capacity is high.
  • the requisite supply of mercury is distilled into the tube during pumping through a suction tubule 23 and, after the tube has been scaled oi! the'pump, is distilled thence into the lower part of the extension I! by heating the tube in a furnace.
  • the lower part of I! it is necessary for the lower part of I! to protrude from the furnace so as to assume a lower temperature.
  • the separating body according to the invention can be arranged at any spot of the discharge vessel when the latter is the coldest spot. of the tube and that in this case the supply of mercury can also be arranged above the separating body without there being any risk that liquid mercury'may pass into the discharge space.
  • An ionic discharge tube comprising an envelope having a reservoir portion and a connecting portion connecting said reservoir portion to the main discharge space of the tube, a sup,- ply of liquid mercury in' said reservoir portion, an anode and cathode within said envelope and spaced apart to form a discharge path, and means in said connecting portion to prevent passage of the liquid mercury to the main discharge.
  • said means comprising a porous member having a flowing capacity not greater than that value at which the time required to obtain the operative vapor'pressure in the tube is equal to thetime required for the tube to reach its operating temperature.
  • An ionic discharge tube comprising an en'- velope having a reservoir portion and a connecting portion connecting said reservoir portion to and in the discharge space, said means comprising a porous member having a flowing capacity less than that value at which mercury deposits on said intermediate electrode during the heating-up of the tube.
  • An ionic discharge tube comprising an envelope having a reservoir portion and a connecting portion connecting said reservoir portion to the main discharge space of the tube, a supply of liquid mercury in said reservoir portion, an anode and cathode within said envelope and spaced apart to form a discharge path, and means in said connecting portion to prevent passage of the liquid mercury to the main discharge space under any condition while allowing equalization of the pressure of the mercury vapor in said reservoir portion and the discharge space, said means comprising a porous member of sintered material having a flowing capacity not greater than that value at which the time required to obtain the operative vapor pressure in the tube is equal to the time required for the tube to reach its operating temperature.

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  • Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
US303297A 1938-11-11 1939-11-07 Ionic discharge tube Expired - Lifetime US2251923A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE534778X 1938-11-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2251923A true US2251923A (en) 1941-08-12

Family

ID=6556603

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US303297A Expired - Lifetime US2251923A (en) 1938-11-11 1939-11-07 Ionic discharge tube

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2251923A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR862025A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB534778A (enrdf_load_html_response)
NL (1) NL58126C (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2468836A (en) * 1944-07-10 1949-05-03 Asea Ab Anode tube for ionic valves for highvoltage static current converters
US2558337A (en) * 1945-12-10 1951-06-26 Howard A Chinn Noise generator
US4035682A (en) * 1976-08-26 1977-07-12 General Electric Company Universal burning alkali metal vapor lamp with amalgam storage in exhaust tubulation

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112552078B (zh) * 2021-01-08 2023-05-23 潮州市艺光陶瓷实业有限公司 一种根据汞发散量调节温度的彩瓷烧结装置

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2468836A (en) * 1944-07-10 1949-05-03 Asea Ab Anode tube for ionic valves for highvoltage static current converters
US2558337A (en) * 1945-12-10 1951-06-26 Howard A Chinn Noise generator
US4035682A (en) * 1976-08-26 1977-07-12 General Electric Company Universal burning alkali metal vapor lamp with amalgam storage in exhaust tubulation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR862025A (fr) 1941-02-25
NL58126C (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB534778A (en) 1941-03-18

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