US2248875A - Knitting machine - Google Patents

Knitting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US2248875A
US2248875A US243914A US24391438A US2248875A US 2248875 A US2248875 A US 2248875A US 243914 A US243914 A US 243914A US 24391438 A US24391438 A US 24391438A US 2248875 A US2248875 A US 2248875A
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Prior art keywords
cam
yarn
elastic
needles
feeding
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US243914A
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English (en)
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Jr Alfred L Hutton
Pierre Eugene St
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Hemphill Co
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Hemphill Co
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Priority to US243914A priority Critical patent/US2248875A/en
Priority to FR861912D priority patent/FR861912A/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/32—Cam systems or assemblies for operating knitting instruments
    • D04B15/34—Cam systems or assemblies for operating knitting instruments for dials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
    • D04B1/18—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials elastic threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/32—Cam systems or assemblies for operating knitting instruments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof
    • D04B9/54—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof welts, e.g. double or turned welts

Definitions

  • Fig. 4 is an elevation taken at the lower, left hand side of the machine in which the cams at the main cam drum and other controlling means are illustrated;
  • Fig. 5 is a section taken through the selecting drum and at the selecting plungers which function on instrumentalities which determine the wrap stripe or other pattern;
  • Fig. 6 is a section taken through the needlecylinder and showing the relative position and arrangement of the selecting means and needle dividing mechanism
  • Fig. 7 is a section showing a fragment of the and a needle selecting jack
  • Fig. 8 is a section showing the auxiliary stitch cam and controlling means along with the instep cam bracket, top instep cam and means for controlling the same;
  • Fig. 9 is an, elevation showing a part of the machine including the instep cam bracket, part of the control for the instep cams, the auxiliary stitch cam and attendant mechanism; 4
  • Fig. 14 is a section showing part of the elastic yarn feeding finger and binder and cutter therefor, the elastic feeding finger being in lowermost position;
  • Figs. 15 and 16 are detailed views showing opposite sides of the binder and cutter for the elastic yarn
  • Fig. 17 is a plan of the sinker cap, a few sinkers and sinker butts being illustrated to show the pathway, part of the cap being cut away to illustrate the cams which act upon the sinker butts;
  • Fig. 18 is a detail view showing theauxiliary sinker cam and part of its controlling mechanism
  • Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic view of cams and selecting elements showing the pathway of needle butts, jack butts and needle hooks during knitting in a typical stocking top in which the elastic yarn is to be incorporated and wherein wrap threads are knitted to produce a wrap pattern;
  • Figs. 20-22 respectively, show the cam ar-' rangement on main pattern drums for controlling the elastic yarn feeding means, the dividing cam and the elastic or auxiliary binder and cutter;
  • Fig. 23 is a view showing a sock in which a top has been knitted as on the machine herein described.
  • Fig. 10 is a view showing the mechanism of Fig. 9 as seen from the left hand side of that 'figure, especially showing the interconnected control between the auxiliary stitch cam and a sinker cam at the auxiliary side;
  • Fig. 11 is an elevation showing parts of the machine adjacent and including the needle dividing cam and its controlling means;
  • Fig. 12 is a section showing the elastic yarn feeding means at the auxiliary side, the auxiliary binder and cutter and the manner in which yarn is introduced to the needles;
  • Fig. 13 is a view similar to that in Fig. 12', except that the parts are seen from the inside of the machine;
  • an elastic yarn was to be knitted on alternate needles only.
  • a wrap stripe pattern may or may not be knitted, but if knitted, will be incorporated preferably by mechanism such as described in United States Patent #1,702,608, although other wrapping means mayadvantageously be employed. 7
  • theelastic is knitted under a suitable tension such as might be termed an ordinary knitting tension. It is not contemplated to knit under extreme tensionas contraction of the fabric to produce a desirable rib appearance is forthcoming with very slight tension on the said elastic yarn.
  • the elastic thuf taken on every other or alternate needles and immediately knitted floats behind the intervening needles and the resulting fabric will have small loops of elastic alternating with plain knitted stitches in such' as so-called body machines, or to other types of hosiery machines.
  • Fig. 1 the principal parts of such a machine are illustrated in which a frame is generally indicated at i, a circular base at 2, needle cylinder at 3 and a latch ring at 4.
  • the needle cylinder carries the usual sinker head 5 and a sinker cap 6 specially constructed as will hereinafter be described more fully.
  • a main cam shaft 1 carries drums 8 and 9 on'which several cams for controlling the various parts of the machine are arranged. Only those cams which are particularly concerned in carrying out the present invention have been shown. Referring to Fig. 2,
  • the usual binder plate is illustrated at H having a main binder generally indicated at l2 and cutter at [3.
  • This bracket also supports a spindle l8 having an extending finger I9 which operates the cutter l3.
  • a. lever 20 which engages one of the fingers ill for a purpose not necessary to de scribe in this case.
  • the main binder and cutter . are conventional in construction and function only upon yarns fed by the levers l0 so that their The main binderis controlled by effect the knitting of pattern work in accordance with the desires for more or less complicated patterns. Those jacks under short butt needles,
  • a plurality of plungers- 32 are arranged in sup ports 33 and 34 projecting upwardly from an element 35 supported on base 2. These plungers are arranged to slide more or less; radially on the machine so as to engage butts 28 if in inward poconstruction and operation need not be described I 'in detail.
  • the mechanism involves wrap striping means such as have been described in United States Patent #1,'702,608 and certain parts which function in cooperation with said wrap striping means are evident in this Fig. 2. These parts include a. bracket 2
  • the cylinder 3 has conventional latch needles 25 in the usual slots therein having butts 26.
  • the arrangement of butts is according to the usual long and short butt groups, preferably about half the needles having long butts and the otherhalf short butts.
  • a jack 2'! having a plurality of removable selecting butts 28 herein shown as seven in number. It must be understood that provision for seven butts or seven steps of selection is merely convenient in the particular in stance and that more or fewer butts may serve to gage such butts 28 as pass at its level.
  • discs 44 having butts 45 which are removable as by breaking or by any other suitable method.
  • discs 44 having butts 45 which are removable as by breaking or by any other suitable method.
  • the spindle 42 is controlled by certain cam control at the main cam drum to change position of these discs so as to render effective either one group of them or the other.
  • This particular mechanism is not essential for a single group of discs which eflect patterning in the top of a stocking or that part of afabric in which both a wrap pattern and elastic are to be incorporated.
  • moving spindle 42 and other essential characteristics of the change are not described at that time, but a full description will be found in copending application Serial #87,920, filed June 29, 1936.
  • is provided with a ratchet wheel having teeth 46, Figs. 1 and 5.
  • a plate 41 is pivoted to be oscillated about thespindle 42 as a center and carries pawls 48 by means of which the drum' is advanced step by step to present the butts 45 to actuate plungers 32. If a butt contacts the end-of one of said plunger's it is pushed inwardly so that its inner beveled end will en-
  • the plate 41 is oscillated to and fro by a link 49, bell crank lever 50 and other mechanism which derives its movement from some continuously rotating part of the machine.
  • Figs.- 5 and. 6, known as the plain sole cam is alsoslidable within the guiding members 33 and 34 and tends to be held inwardly by a; spring. 52.
  • engagesheld outwardly by a lever 53 pivoted at 54 and engageable by its hooked end 55 with an extension 56 which projects out from the -stem of the cam.
  • This lever 53 is controlled by a link 51 which is connectable to other elements moved at desired times from appropriate cams on one of tailed description of the various needle and jack cams will be given.
  • main cam block having stitch earns 58 and 59, center cam 60 and center raise cam 6
  • a raise cam 62 which extends about the back of the machine and serves to raise needleswhich have knitted beneath stitch cam 59, but not to raise them high enough so that their latches will be cleared.
  • Cam 62 has an extension 62.
  • the top instep cam 88 is shown in Figs. 8
  • This instep cam is supplemented by a second instep cam (not shown in detail) for raising needles. and movable radially to a position in which it will engage long butt needles.
  • the cam 88 engages those same needles to draw them downwardly after completion of a heel or toe.
  • the cam-88 has a downwardly projecting portion 89 adjacent the stitch cam 58 which assures that needles which were'raised for taking wrap threads are brought down to a position where they will engage cam 66 to be lowered All of the needle cams andsome of the jack cams,
  • a cam 65 serves as a ⁇ .
  • I knitting cam and is movable. radially of the machine by certain connecting elements, Referring V to Figs. 8, 9 and, 10, this cam 65 is attached is in turn attached to the movable post so that when the instep cam 88 is moved down, the cooperating, radially movable cam will be withdrawn and vice versa.
  • This construction has are-certain other stationary cams which include to engage a projecting pin 12 atthe outer end nects by means of its horizontal arm 13 which extends downwardly to mechanism for actuating the same and which will be described more fully in a later paragraph.
  • This bell crank lever 11 also has attached thereto an angular projecting arm 14 which has a portion thereof indicated at 15 extending a considerable distance about the circumference of the sinker cap 6 and being concentric therewith.
  • This concentric extension 15 serves to actuate a sinker cam, later to be described, in synchronism with movements of stitch cam 65.
  • a spring 16, Fig. 8 normally'tends to maintain cam 65 inwardly against the needle cylinder.
  • the needle In advance of this stitch cam 65 and beneath the cam plate 63' is located the needle oted a short spindle carrying a downwardly extending arm 8
  • This downwardly projecting arm 81 engages a projecting lug 83 on the stem 18.
  • the cams described include the movable cams and-raise cams 62 and 62'.
  • the cam 93 which servesto raise needles after they have been drawn down below stitch cam 65and two other cams 94 and 95,Fig. 19, outlined by dotted lines.
  • These cams act upon the master butts 3 i, the lower cam 95 serving to raise jacks to level them for properly engaging selecting plungers 32 while the upper cam 94 serves to manipulate jacks during reciprocatory-work.
  • Cam 96 also engages master butts 3i to'ra ise jacks after they have been selected by plungers have their butts 3
  • jacks passing in projecting part 84 at the end of the stem has threaded therein an adjustable stop screw 85 which may be set to limit the inward movement of this cam 11 so that it may properly engage those butts with which it is to contact, namely,
  • a spring 86 keeps the cam inmovement to said link at the desired intervals.
  • cam 91 then serves to bring these jacks downwardly to more or less their lowest position after they have performed the selecting functions.
  • the ends of cams 91 and 62 are propeither direction. No interference is experienced.
  • this stud having a collar
  • the collar E03 serves to maintain the .finger within the slot 99 and to allow it to be moved vertically to-and from feeding position.
  • the finger has two openings, the lowermost at the extreme feeding end.
  • a lever I06 is pivoted at I01 on a twisted bracket I08 which is also attached to a part of the latch ring 4.
  • Thislever I06 has a slotted end which engages the pin I04.
  • a spring I09 connects at the outer end of the lever and to a fixed'part of the mechanism upon which the bracket I08 is attached and serves the purpose of pulling the outer end down so that normally the yarn feeding finger is urged in an upward or inactive position.
  • a stop H0 is attached to plate III which serves the purpose of raising the wrap spindle whenever the latch ring is elevated as when transferring.
  • auxiliary binder and cutter which functions only upon the elastic yarn is illustrated.
  • This binder and cutter is necessary since the machine is of double feed machine when the elastic is being fed and since it is desirable to withdraw that elastic yarn when the same is not being knitted into the fabric.
  • the fact that the machine is a two feed machineand that the elastic is separately fed this element serves as, a complementary shearing edge for the platel I9.
  • the other plate I20 will bind the elastic yarn against the extending ledge I26.
  • the plate I20 not only binds the elastic against that ledge but also squeezes it against the side of the hook II'I so that the elastic will be bound before it is'cut although the plate I20 does not reach its full extent of travel to clamp against the ledge -I26 until after the cutting has been completed.
  • the lever I25, Figs. 2 and 3 is also pivoted upon the stud or spindle I6 and has connected to its outer end a downwardly extending link or rod I21 which is connected to alever later to be described and through which this binder and cutter are actuated from certain suitable cams on the drum 9.
  • sinker cap generally de-signated'at 6 is shown cut away to illustrate the shape of the regular sinker cams I28 and I29 and the center sinker cam I30.
  • Sinker butts I3I are illustrated taking the usual pathway at that main side of the machine. 'A few sinkers are shown as at I32 to illustrate at their inner ends by dot and dash lines I33, the
  • a stationary binder and cutter element having a connecting foot II4, a vertical post 5 and a yarn guiding notch I I6 which is cut into the post and is terminated at the lower end in a sort of guiding hook I".
  • a connecting foot II4 a vertical post 5 and a yarn guiding notch I I6 which is cut into the post and is terminated at the lower end in a sort of guiding hook I".
  • plates H9 and I20 are plates H9 and I20.
  • the plates H9 and I20 are interconnected by a bolt I2I having an adjusting nut I22 between which and the plate I20 is a spring I23, The spring I23 is under suflicient tension to press the plates together so that they may cut and clamp the yarn more effectively;
  • a pin I24 At the j upper end of these plates I I9 and I20 is a pin I24
  • two more cams I34 and I35 function during knitting of the elastic at that side to impart a wave to sinkers along with the-movable center sinker cam I36.
  • That sinker cam I36 is connected to a slide or stem I31 which is radially movable within a suitable slot beneath a plate I38 in the sinker cap. The said cam is illustrated in active position in Fig.17, but.
  • Main cam. drum .set-up Referring to Figs. 1; 4, 20, 21 and 22, the main cam shaft has been generally. indicated by numeral I and two drums 8 and 9 thereon have been shown. Certain cams on these drums control the various cams and other functioning parts heretofore described. Beginning at the right in Fig. 1, the first link or bar is that which controls the elastic yarn feeding finger and which is shown at H2 in Fig. 3. That link p rojects downwardly and is engaged by a cam desig-' nated at I, Figs. 1 and 20. This cam has two.
  • the lobe I42 functions when yarn isfirst introduced.
  • the regular feeding position is shown in Fig. 12 while Fig. 14 illustrates the position the guide 98 assumes when either the lobes I42 or I43 are functioning upon link H2. The additional movement is only imparted when introducing the elastic yarn and when withdrawing the same. Between these points it will be taken satisfactorily once it has been engaged by several needles.
  • the reason for feeding in the higher position is that the higher position is more satisfactory because the guide 98 which functions pretty close to needle hooks will be out of the way and not likely to smash against the needle hooks.
  • the second lobe acts when the last few elastic stitches are to be knitted. At that time the dividing cam 11 starts to be withdrawn and if a few needles did not rise to a complete height, the temporary lowering of guide 98 at that movement would assure that these needles would take their yarn.
  • the next link and the only other one of this group being controlled from drum 8 is the link 81, Figs. 1, 6 and 11, which is controlled by a cam I44 on the drum 8, Figs. 1 and 21.
  • This cam lifts the link 87 and withdraws the needle dividing cam 11 at all times except when the elastic .yarn is to be fed.
  • the link will drop from the cam I44 and will remain in the depression as illustrated at the top of Fig. 21 until the elastic top has been completed and at which time the guiding cam will be withdrawn.
  • the link 13, Figs. 4, 8 and 10 extends downward from the lever II by means of which it controls the auxiliary stitch cam 65 and auxiliary sinker cam I36 and connects at its lower end to an extension I45 projecting up from the arm I46 which is pivoted to the stud I41 at that side of the frame.
  • This arm I46 has a cam engaging toe I48 by means of which it is controlled by a cam M9 on drum 9.
  • the cam maintains the stitch cam 65 outwardly and pushes the sinker cam I36 inwardly except at such times as the elastic top is being knitted.
  • the cam IE9 is substantially of the same extent and'the depression therein is at substantially the same relative circumferential position so that cams 65, I36 and 11 function practically at the same time.
  • the main binder is actuated by a link I5, Figs. 2 and 5, which is in turn connected to a lever I50 which is controlled by certain suitable cams on the cam drum 9.
  • the binder is also actuated in a known manner as the lever II which is contacted by'lugs I52 on a drum I53 at the striper shaft I54 at the back of the machine.
  • the auxiliary or elastic yarn binder is actuated by connections leading down through link I 21 to the outer end of a lever I55 also pivoted at I41, Figs. 4 and 22, and which is actuated by a cam I56 on the drum 9.
  • This cam is so positioned and is of sufficient extent to openthe elastic binder at a suitable interval before the elastic yarn is to be withdrawn, but is timed to close that binder at the proper moment as the said elastic yarn is withdrawn from the needles.
  • the relative position and extent of said cam is shown in Figs. 4 and 22.
  • FIG. 23 an anklet or sock is illustrated having a leg I51 and foot I58.
  • the top generally indicated at I59 shows in a more or less conventional manner the way in which the elastic is drawing spaced wales together to simulate a rib appearance and to contract the same so that the entire top has the general shape and fabric characteristics of a transferred rib top.
  • a design has been made by wrapping certain areas I60 with a colored or otherwise contrasting yarn.
  • the machine makes a move at which the completed article is to be cast oii.
  • the stitch cam 65, dividing cam H and a latch opener (not shown) are moved in active position. This prepares the machine for knitting at the auxiliary side as soon as the elastic yarn is dropped to feeding position. That occurs on the next move when the link I I 2 is raised up to the lobe I42 of the cam I4I. That moves the elastic feeding finger 98 down to the position shown in Fig. 14 so that it is sure to be taken by the first divided or raised needle encountered. It is to be understood that alternate needles are being raised by cam 11 while intermediate needles do not rise high enough to take the elastic yarn.
  • This elastic is taken by raised needles for two courses, but since the first course is cast from the needles as they pass the main yarn feed, that course of elastic is merely incidental and does not appear in the finished fabric.
  • the reason for taking the elastic during two courses is that the machine provides a move or a change every two revolutions. Thus it is necessary after dropping in the elastic to knit it fortwo revolutions before the plain yarn may be dropped to feeding position.
  • the wrap mechanism and the pattern mechanism may be brought into position at any time after the initial'course or selvage has been started. Presumably the wrapping will commence immediately after the start of the initial course or courses and will continue until practically the last course in the knitted top.
  • Fig. 1-9 the path of the various needle and jack butts has been shown.
  • the butts 30 engage cam 11 and are raised up in a. pathother needles pass beneath the feeding finger and come up in front of the floats of elastic yarn ex tending between alternate needles, then all needles pass downwardly as their butts travel pathway I63 beneath cam 65.
  • the said alternate needles knit the elastic yarn at that point.
  • needles are raised by cam 93 to the usual height which they assume after knitting or when passing along their raise cams.
  • the jacks are then raised by cam 25 which engages butts 3
  • cam 96 which functions upon the master butts.
  • Other jacks will merely pass along so that the master butts travel just below the point of said cam 96.
  • Those that are selected cause their needles to be raised so that the butts travel in pathway I64 and the hooks to move in pathway I65 and to take wrap threads from a wrap thread carrier I66, a fragment of which is shown in this figure.
  • the other needles pass along at the normal level and are raised up front stitch cam 58 so that their latches are cleared.
  • the selected needles have their latches cleared when selected and are thereafter moved down by the point 89 of the cam 88 and join the pathway of the needles raised by cam 58 as they strike the cam 60.
  • they take a plain yarn feeding through one of the yarn fingers Ill and knit as they pass down beneath cam 59; Thereafter they rise and are guided by cam 62.
  • the machine may be used without resort to the complete method which includes omamentation by wrapping, in which case the base fabric of plain yarn and elastic only will be produced.
  • the machine may be slightly modified by raising all needles to the path I62 so that they take the elastic, but knitting only on alternate needles. This may be accomplished by feeding at a lower position after the selvage course which must necessarily be knitted as hereinafter described. Since only the needles which rise to path I62 would have their latches cleared, the other needles would not knit off even though they pass beneath stitch cam 65. This means that they would tuck or accumulate a loop of plain or elastic yarn which would be knitted off on passing through the'main yarn feed subsequently thereto.
  • a vertically movable elastic yarn feeding finger means for moving continuous feeding between said two extreme points.
  • a movable yarn feeding finger means for moving said finger to and from a feeding position including cam meanswith effective surfaces at two different heights whereby on the initial movement to feeding position and upon withdrawal from feeding position, the finger will be caused to move to a lower feeding position with respect to needles than it occupies while feeding in the interim.
  • the combination of means at two independent feeding stations including needles, yarn feeding means at one of the stations and needle actuating cams thereat for raising all needles to take the yarn and to draw it into knitted stitches, and means at the other of said stations for raised spaced needles only to take yarn fed thereat and draw it into knitted loops on said spaced needles
  • said means for feeding the yarn at said second station including a movable yarn feeding finger, a binder and cutter for the yarn operable at such times as the yarn is to be withdrawn from feeding
  • sinker controlling means including a center sinker cam and means under pattern control for simultaneously rendering the said needle and sinker controlling means active and inactive including a common operating member connected at one part to the needle controlling means and at another part to a sinker controlling means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
US243914A 1938-12-05 1938-12-05 Knitting machine Expired - Lifetime US2248875A (en)

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US243914A US2248875A (en) 1938-12-05 1938-12-05 Knitting machine
FR861912D FR861912A (fr) 1938-12-05 1939-11-27 Machine à tricoter

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2604769A (en) * 1949-11-22 1952-07-29 Hemphill Co Yarn feed assembly
US2780931A (en) * 1947-02-13 1957-02-12 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machine and method
US2911806A (en) * 1957-12-31 1959-11-10 Burlington Industries Inc Two-feed knitting machine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2780931A (en) * 1947-02-13 1957-02-12 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machine and method
US2604769A (en) * 1949-11-22 1952-07-29 Hemphill Co Yarn feed assembly
US2911806A (en) * 1957-12-31 1959-11-10 Burlington Industries Inc Two-feed knitting machine

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Publication number Publication date
FR861912A (fr) 1941-02-21

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