Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
  • C01B21/082—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
  • C01B21/087—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more hydrogen atoms
  • C01B21/088—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more hydrogen atoms containing also one or more halogen atoms
  • C01B21/09—Halogeno-amines, e.g. chloramine
  • C01B21/091—Chloramine, i.e. NH2Cl or dichloramine, i.e. NHCl2
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
  • C01B21/082—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
  • C01B21/083—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more halogen atoms
  • C01B21/0832—Binary compounds of nitrogen with halogens
  • C01B21/0835—Nitrogen trifluoride
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
  • C25B1/01—Products
  • C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
  • C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof

Definitions

• the nitrogen chlorine compounds may be prepared by electrolysis of aqueous liquids in which ammonium and chloride ions are present.
• the degree of acidity of the electrolyte determines what nitrogen chlorine compounds are formed by the electrolysis.
• acid is preferably added to the electrolyte. This acid may be, for example, hydrochloric acid.
• Chloramines are best formed, in very weakly acid, neutral or alkaline solutions. If, for example, a small quantity of ammonia is added to a water solution of ammonium chloride, no nitrogen trichloride is obtained by electrolyzing this liquid, butchloramines are obtained.
• the contact of the reaction products with the parts of the electrolyte and especially with the ammonium ions is limited, but this limitation 01 contact can be attained also in another way according to the present invention.
• the volume of the electrolyte is limited, and the electrolysis is conducted with a great strength of current in proportion to the volume of the electrolyte, the side reactions take place to a decreased extent.
• electrolyzing cells with a small capacity are used with a high strength of current, or both measures are allsure considerably below atmospheric pressure, so that reaction products having an irritating action cannot escape into the atmosphere surrounding plied. It was, for example, found that under otherwise equal circumstances a much better yield per unit quantity of electricity was attained in a.
• the products formed on the electrodes find an opportunity to diffuse into the parts oi. theelectrolyte that are not in direct contact with the electrodes, and in such diffusion are exposed to decomposition reactions by contact with the parts oi the electrolyte which are outside of the zone of electrolytic action.
• a construction of the electrolyzing cell could he used in which the cell consists of two parts separated by a wall provided with openings. In one chamber of said cell, preferably the smaller, the electrodes are mounted surrounded by only a-sniall quantity of electrolyte, while the other 'part or chamber of the cell serves as a reservoir tor the electrolyte. 1
• the decomposition or side reactions may also be reduced in extent by a quick elimination of the nitrogen trichloride from the cell.
• This measure is carried out in the simplest way by conducting air through the electrolyte during the electrolysis, or by pumping away the volatile reaction products by diminishing the pressure above the electrolyte. Instead of air another gas or mixture .of gases may be used. It was found that the use oi large quantities of air or gas in the manner described, or the very quick aspiration of the volatile reaction products, offered important advantagesand gave better yields per unit quantity of electricity than the application of smaller quantities of air or gas, or the more slow aspiration of the volatile products.
• the electrolytic cell is preferably operated at a presthe cell.
• Process for producing nitrogen trichloride which comprises electrolyzing an aqueous solution of acid reaction containing ammonium and chloride ions, the acidity of said solution being greater than the normal acidity of ammonium chloride dissolved in water, and which solution contains dissolved therein a chloride of a metal selected from the group or metals consisting of the alkalimetals and alkaline earth metals, said chloride of a metal being present in suincient amount to cause the concentration of chloride ions in the said aqueous solution to greatly exceed the concentration of ammonium ions therein.
• Process for producing nitrogen trichloride which comprises electrolyzing an aqueous solution of acid reaction containing ammonium and chloride ions, the acidity of said solution being greater than the normal acidity of ammonium chloride dissolved in water, said solution containing dissolved therein a chloride of a metal selected from the group oi metals consisting of the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals in suiilcient amount to cause the concentration of chloride ions in the .said aqueous solution to greatly exceed the concentration 01 ammonium ions therein; and quickly removing produced nitrogen trichloride from said solution.
• Process for producing nitrogen trichloride which comprises electrolyzing an aqueous solution of acid reaction containing ammonium and chloride ions, the acidity of said solution being greater than the normal acidity of ammonium chloride dissolved in water, said solution also containing dissolved therein a chloride of a metal selected from the group of metals consisting of the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in suiiicient quantity to depress the concentration of ammonium ions in said solution, the electrolyzing oi said solution being conducted with a high current strength while restricting the oil'- iusion oi nitrogen trichloride formed to a small body of said solution, and quickly removing produced nitrogen trichloride from said solution.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19786682

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

• 0
  • NL NL76781D patent/NL76781B/xx unknown
• 1937
  • 1937-02-23 US US127297A patent/US2248650A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1937-02-23 GB GB5475/37A patent/GB491148A/en not_active Expired

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