US2245623A - Firing mechanism - Google Patents

Firing mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
US2245623A
US2245623A US274987A US27498739A US2245623A US 2245623 A US2245623 A US 2245623A US 274987 A US274987 A US 274987A US 27498739 A US27498739 A US 27498739A US 2245623 A US2245623 A US 2245623A
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United States
Prior art keywords
collar
firing pin
firing
spring
guide
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Expired - Lifetime
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US274987A
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Summerbell William
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/25—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins
    • F41A19/27—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block
    • F41A19/29—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension
    • F41A19/36—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension in block-action guns

Definitions

  • Att B may 5 June 17, 1941.
  • w SUMMERBELL 2,245,623
  • the subject of this invention is a firing mechanism.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a firing mechanism in which the firing pin spring is rendered inoperable to enable the firing pin to complete its movement to firing position through its own inertia and to have a corresponding unrestrained retraction to permit opening of a transversely movable breech block.
  • This purpose is accomplished by providing a heavy and a light spring acting through the intermediation of a member associated with a firing pin to drive the firing pin forward and. then immediately retract it sufiiciently to clear a cartridge.
  • Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view of the improved firing mechanism with the firing pin in the normal retracted position after being fired;
  • Fig. 2 is a similar view with the firing pin in cocked position
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view through the breech ring with the upper part of the breech block in elevation;
  • Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the firing pin guide
  • Fig. 5 is a similar view of the stop collar in position to be inserted in the guide
  • Fig. 6 is a view in front elevation of the guide with the stop collar assembled therewith.
  • breech ring A having an opening for a vertically sliding breech block B, the mechanism for opening the block being omitted.
  • the breech block is formed with a bore 6 which is closed at the face of the block by a plug 1 having an aperture 8.
  • the firing mechanism which is housed in the bore 6 comprises a cap 9, a stop collar i0, an outer spring ll, an inner spring l2 and a firing pin unit consisting of a guide l3 and a firing pin M.
  • the .guide I3 is a cylindrical member slidable in the bore 6 and having a lug 15 on its left side movable in a slot It in the block and a cam lug I! on its lower side movable in a slot IS in the block and serving to restrain the guide against rotational displacement.
  • the front closed end I9 of the guide is centrallyapertured to threadedly receive the firing pin I 4.
  • the opposite sides of the front end of the guide are cut away to the thickness of the end l9 to provide openings 20 for a pair'of forwardly extending fingers 2l'2
  • the collar l0 provided with a central opening for the firing pin, is slidably mounted within the guide l3 and adapted to be moved into contact with the inner surface of the end l9 by the outer spring II.
  • the firing pin I4 extends rearwardly substantially the same distance as the guide 13 and at its rear end it is formed With a head 22 for seating the inner spring l2.
  • the front end of the spring I2 is seated on the collar in adjacent the spring II.
  • the cap 9 which closes the bore 6 and confines the outer spring II is provided on opposite sides with a pair of similar lugs 23-23 each having its rear corners cut away as at 24 and each having, in its rear face, a semi-cylindrical recess 25,.
  • a pin 26 fixed in the upper part of the breech block depends into the bore 6 and serves to engage in the recess 25 and hold the cap in place.
  • the breech block is also formed with a pair of spaced and opposite lugs 212l whose front faces are engaged by the lugs 23 when the cap is inserted and given a partial turn. In removing the cap it is moved forwardly out of engagement with the pin 26 and then it is turned until the lugs 23 are clear of the lugs 21.
  • the lug l5 extending laterally from the guide i3 is arranged to be engaged by the ofi'set lower arm 28 of a cocking lever 29, which is mounted on the breech block by means of a pivot pin 30.
  • the upper extremity of the cocking lever extends above the breech ring and it is curved so that, as it is lowered with the breech block, it may ride on the breech ring and be rotated about its pivot to retract the firing pin unit to cocked position.
  • is provided to act on the lower arm of the cocking lever and normally maintain the lower arm in the forward position.
  • the cocking lever retracts the guide I3 to position shown in Fig. 2 thereby compressing the outer spring I l During this retraction the cam lug l'l moves the sear 32 laterally against the action of a sear spring 33.
  • the lug l1 clears the sear the latter is restored by its spring to be interposed in the path of the lug l1 and in this manner the sear holds the firing mechanism in cocked position. Since the trigger mechanism for tripping the sear forms no part of the invention it is not shown or described.
  • the outer spring II When the firing mechanism is in the cocked position as seen in Fig. 2, the outer spring II is compressed and the collar I engages the end IQ of the guide 13.
  • the spring ll acts through the collar to drive the guide l3 and the firing pin I4 forward.
  • on engaging the plug '1 arrest the forward motion of the collar but the firing pin, under the influence of inertia, continues forwardly to strike the primer of a cartridge C.
  • the firing pin compresses the inner spring l2.
  • the inner spring I2 recovers and immediately retracts the firing pin point to a position within the plug I where it will not interfere with opening of the breech block. The amount of this retraction is limited by engagement of the end I9 with the collar I0.
  • a breech block having a bore, a hollow guide slidable within the bore and having an apertured front end, a firing pincarried by the front end of the guide and having a' rear portion disposed within the guide, a collar slidable within the guide and having fingers projecting forwardly through the front end of the guide to engage the breech block, a cap closing the bore of the breech block, a spring confined between the collar and the cap, and a spring confined between the collar and the rear end of the firing pin.
  • a firing mechanism a breech block, a firing pin member slidable in the breech block, a collar engageable with the firing pin member, means for limiting forward movement of the collar short of the firing pin member, a spring seat member relatively fixed in the breech block, a spring confined between the collar and the Seat member, and a spring confined between the collar and the firing pin member.
  • a firing mechanism a breech block, a firing pin member slidable in the breech block, a collar engageable with the firing pin member, means for limiting forward movement of the collar short of the firing pin member, a spring seated on the breech block and acting on the collar to drive it forwardly, and a lighter spring seated on the collar and acting on the firing pin to move it rearwardly relative to the collar.
  • a firing mechanism a breech block, a firing pin member slidable in the breech block, a collar engageable with the firing pin member, means for limiting forward movement of the collar short of the firing pin member, means acting on the collar to drive it forwardly, and means energized by forward movement of the firing pin and acting from the collar to move the firing pin member rearwardly relative to the collar.

Description

June 17, 1941. w. SUMMERBELL- 2,245,623
FIRING MECHANISM Filed May 22, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1.
lT-LvErL-Lu 1 Willi m Slum By EU. .Eny: Att B may 5 June 17, 1941. w, SUMMERBELL 2,245,623
. FIRING MECHANISM Filed May 22, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 lTLVE 111: 1:11
Will um 51.1mm vhell Attl:
I Fl gs Patented June 17, 1941 FIRING MECHANISM William Summerbell, Watervliet, N. Y., assignor to Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of War and his successors in oifice Application May 22, 1939, Serial No. 274,987
(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as
amended April 30, 1928; 370 0. G. 757) 4 Claims.
The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes, without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.
The subject of this invention is a firing mechanism.
The purpose of the invention is to provide a firing mechanism in which the firing pin spring is rendered inoperable to enable the firing pin to complete its movement to firing position through its own inertia and to have a corresponding unrestrained retraction to permit opening of a transversely movable breech block. This purpose is accomplished by providing a heavy and a light spring acting through the intermediation of a member associated with a firing pin to drive the firing pin forward and. then immediately retract it sufiiciently to clear a cartridge.
The specific nature of the invention as well as other objects and advantages thereof will clearly appear from a description of a preferred embodiment as shown in the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view of the improved firing mechanism with the firing pin in the normal retracted position after being fired;
Fig. 2 is a similar view with the firing pin in cocked position;
Fig. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view through the breech ring with the upper part of the breech block in elevation;
Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the firing pin guide;
Fig. 5 is a similar view of the stop collar in position to be inserted in the guide;
Fig. 6 is a view in front elevation of the guide with the stop collar assembled therewith.
Referring to the drawings by characters of reference there is shown a breech ring A having an opening for a vertically sliding breech block B, the mechanism for opening the block being omitted. The breech block is formed with a bore 6 which is closed at the face of the block by a plug 1 having an aperture 8.
The firing mechanism which is housed in the bore 6 comprises a cap 9, a stop collar i0, an outer spring ll, an inner spring l2 and a firing pin unit consisting of a guide l3 and a firing pin M.
The .guide I3 is a cylindrical member slidable in the bore 6 and having a lug 15 on its left side movable in a slot It in the block and a cam lug I! on its lower side movable in a slot IS in the block and serving to restrain the guide against rotational displacement. The front closed end I9 of the guide is centrallyapertured to threadedly receive the firing pin I 4.
The opposite sides of the front end of the guide are cut away to the thickness of the end l9 to provide openings 20 for a pair'of forwardly extending fingers 2l'2| formed on the stop collar l0 and arranged to engage the plug 1. The collar l0 provided with a central opening for the firing pin, is slidably mounted within the guide l3 and adapted to be moved into contact with the inner surface of the end l9 by the outer spring II.
The firing pin I4 extends rearwardly substantially the same distance as the guide 13 and at its rear end it is formed With a head 22 for seating the inner spring l2. The front end of the spring I2 is seated on the collar in adjacent the spring II.
The cap 9 which closes the bore 6 and confines the outer spring II is provided on opposite sides with a pair of similar lugs 23-23 each having its rear corners cut away as at 24 and each having, in its rear face, a semi-cylindrical recess 25,. A pin 26 fixed in the upper part of the breech block depends into the bore 6 and serves to engage in the recess 25 and hold the cap in place. The breech block is also formed with a pair of spaced and opposite lugs 212l whose front faces are engaged by the lugs 23 when the cap is inserted and given a partial turn. In removing the cap it is moved forwardly out of engagement with the pin 26 and then it is turned until the lugs 23 are clear of the lugs 21.
The lug l5 extending laterally from the guide i3 is arranged to be engaged by the ofi'set lower arm 28 of a cocking lever 29, which is mounted on the breech block by means of a pivot pin 30. The upper extremity of the cocking lever extends above the breech ring and it is curved so that, as it is lowered with the breech block, it may ride on the breech ring and be rotated about its pivot to retract the firing pin unit to cocked position. A plunger 3| is provided to act on the lower arm of the cocking lever and normally maintain the lower arm in the forward position.
During lowering of the breech block the cocking lever retracts the guide I3 to position shown in Fig. 2 thereby compressing the outer spring I l During this retraction the cam lug l'l moves the sear 32 laterally against the action of a sear spring 33. When the lug l1 clears the sear the latter is restored by its spring to be interposed in the path of the lug l1 and in this manner the sear holds the firing mechanism in cocked position. Since the trigger mechanism for tripping the sear forms no part of the invention it is not shown or described.
When the firing mechanism is in the cocked position as seen in Fig. 2, the outer spring II is compressed and the collar I engages the end IQ of the guide 13. When the sear is disengaged the spring ll acts through the collar to drive the guide l3 and the firing pin I4 forward. The fingers 2| on engaging the plug '1 arrest the forward motion of the collar but the firing pin, under the influence of inertia, continues forwardly to strike the primer of a cartridge C. During this movement the firing pin compresses the inner spring l2. When the firing pin is arrested by striking the primer, the inner spring I2 recovers and immediately retracts the firing pin point to a position within the plug I where it will not interfere with opening of the breech block. The amount of this retraction is limited by engagement of the end I9 with the collar I0.
I claim:
1. In a firing mechanism, a breech block having a bore, a hollow guide slidable within the bore and having an apertured front end, a firing pincarried by the front end of the guide and having a' rear portion disposed within the guide, a collar slidable within the guide and having fingers projecting forwardly through the front end of the guide to engage the breech block, a cap closing the bore of the breech block, a spring confined between the collar and the cap, and a spring confined between the collar and the rear end of the firing pin.
2. In a firing mechanism, a breech block, a firing pin member slidable in the breech block, a collar engageable with the firing pin member, means for limiting forward movement of the collar short of the firing pin member, a spring seat member relatively fixed in the breech block, a spring confined between the collar and the Seat member, and a spring confined between the collar and the firing pin member.
3. In a firing mechanism, a breech block, a firing pin member slidable in the breech block, a collar engageable with the firing pin member, means for limiting forward movement of the collar short of the firing pin member, a spring seated on the breech block and acting on the collar to drive it forwardly, and a lighter spring seated on the collar and acting on the firing pin to move it rearwardly relative to the collar.
4. In a firing mechanism, a breech block, a firing pin member slidable in the breech block, a collar engageable with the firing pin member, means for limiting forward movement of the collar short of the firing pin member, means acting on the collar to drive it forwardly, and means energized by forward movement of the firing pin and acting from the collar to move the firing pin member rearwardly relative to the collar.
WILLIAM SUMMERBELL.
US274987A 1939-05-22 1939-05-22 Firing mechanism Expired - Lifetime US2245623A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2451526A (en) * 1944-05-29 1948-10-19 Weiss Saul Firing mechanism
US2473555A (en) * 1947-07-24 1949-06-21 Weiss Saul Breech-loading mortar with obturator case
US2580483A (en) * 1946-12-04 1952-01-01 Summerbell Edith May Breech block and firing mechanism therein
US2714836A (en) * 1949-03-15 1955-08-09 Brandt Soc Nouv Ets Percussion mechanisms for fire arm

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2451526A (en) * 1944-05-29 1948-10-19 Weiss Saul Firing mechanism
US2580483A (en) * 1946-12-04 1952-01-01 Summerbell Edith May Breech block and firing mechanism therein
US2473555A (en) * 1947-07-24 1949-06-21 Weiss Saul Breech-loading mortar with obturator case
US2714836A (en) * 1949-03-15 1955-08-09 Brandt Soc Nouv Ets Percussion mechanisms for fire arm

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