US2244689A - Heating element - Google Patents

Heating element Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2244689A
US2244689A US113876A US11387636A US2244689A US 2244689 A US2244689 A US 2244689A US 113876 A US113876 A US 113876A US 11387636 A US11387636 A US 11387636A US 2244689 A US2244689 A US 2244689A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
heating element
reflector
heat
yarn
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US113876A
Inventor
Carl F Gram
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
North American Rayon Corp
Original Assignee
North American Rayon Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by North American Rayon Corp filed Critical North American Rayon Corp
Priority to US113876A priority Critical patent/US2244689A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2244689A publication Critical patent/US2244689A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/001Drying and oxidising yarns, ribbons or the like
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02JFINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
    • D02J13/005Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass by contact with at least one rotating roll
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun

Definitions

  • Another object of the present invention is to devise a heating element which concentrates the heat rays mainly through reflection whereby a minimum amount of heat energy is lost.
  • a further object of the present invention is to devise a novel heating element for drying yarn or thread which will not impair the quality thereof.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to devise a heating unit which is adapted to direct back to the surface to be heated all radiated rays which were not initially directed to that surface.
  • Fig. l is a side elevation of a pair of spaced thread conveying rollers with my invention illustrated in operative position thereto.
  • Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is enlarged detail view of one end of one of the rollers and my heating element in operative position thereto.
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged end elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged section taken on the line A-A of Fig. 3.
  • I and 2 indicate the spaced rollers over which the thread 3 is conveyed in an approximately helical path from one end of the said rollers to the other end thereof.
  • rollers I and 2 are mounted on a frame 4 and are driven by any suitable means (not shown). These rollers I and 2 are positioned so that their axes are at a slight angle, one to the other, whereby the thread or yarn, during the rotation of the rollers, is passed in a well known maner in spirals thereover.
  • the wet-treated threads are passed to the rollers I and 2 for the purpose of being dried thereon.
  • the novelty of the invention lies in the concentration of heat rays on the surface of a roller or rollers through radiation and reflection, whereby the heat applied may be controlled and directed with a minimum loss of heat energy.
  • the heating element I may and does consist of any well known resistance element such as a wire. coiled or straight, a carborundum rod. etc., which is heated to the desired temperature by electricity.
  • the radiant element 5 is partly surrounded by a polished reflector 6 which catches all heat rays not directed to the roller and concentrates them by reflection on the surface of the roller I.
  • the roller 2 in this embodiment serves also as guide means for the heated roller I.
  • the curve of the reflector 8 may be a conic section or a combination of conic sections. It may be so designed that all the heat rays are concentrated in a very confined area, thereby obtaining very high temperature on the surface to which they may be applied, or the major portion of the rays may be concentrated in a confined area on the roller and the remainder of the heat rays distributed with less intensity on one or both sides of the center to create a preheating zone, or an after-heating zone, or both.
  • the heating element 5 has the usual terminal contacts I and 8 to which the current carrying wires 9 and ID are attached.
  • a rheostat control l2 may be used in conjunction with the heating unit, or preferably a transformer to regulate the voltage applied, which prevents loss of energy occurring in a rheostat.
  • the heat which is carried away from the source by convection is brought into close contact with the curved surface due to the proximity of the said source to the roller.
  • the reflector 6 should have a highly polished reflecting surface and that, further, the reflector may and should be insulated.
  • the reflector may be made of double glass walls, evacuated between, and having the surface facing the roller coated with a silver reflecting surface.
  • the reflector start to curve inwardly as it nears the roller or curved surface so that no direct heat rays escape through the space between roller and reflector edge.
  • FIG. 5 the heating element 5 is held in alignment by brackets l4 provided on both sides of the reflector 6, and is freely slidable along the surfaces I5 so that by adjusting the screws l3 it may be raised and lowered.
  • brackets l4 provided on both sides of the reflector 6, and is freely slidable along the surfaces I5 so that by adjusting the screws l3 it may be raised and lowered.
  • Apparatus for drying a continuous length of yarn, thread, or the like comprising, in combination, a rotatable cylinder, a heating element adjacent the periphery of said cylinder and adapted for transmitting heat thereto through radiation, a reflector curved in the form of a conic section partly surrounding said heating element and arranged to reflect back to the periphery of said cylinder all heat rays which had not been directed thereagainst, and means for guiding the yarn, thread, or the like over the rotatable cylinder.
  • Apparatus for drying a continuous length of yarn, thread, or the like comprising, in combination, a rotatable cylinder, a heating element adjacent the periphery of said cylinder for heating said periphery through radiation, a reflector partly surrounding said heating element, said reflector being curved in a conic section and having its ends adjacent said periphery and bending inwardly whereby no direct heat rays escape between said periphery and said reflector ends, and means for guiding the yarn, thread, or the like over the rotatable cylinder.
  • Apparatus for drying a continuous length of yarn, thread, or the like comprising, in combination, a rotatable cylinder, a radiant heating element fixed adjacent said cylinder, an elliptical reflector partly surrounding said heating element, said heating element being positioned within the reflector at one focus thereof, and means for guiding the yarn, thread, or the like over the rotatable cylinder, said cylinder and reflector between them being arranged completely to surround the heating element except for the clearance necessary to permit rotation of the cylinder.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

June 10, 1941. c. F. GRAM HEATING ELEMENT Filed Dec. 2, 1936 Patented June 10, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HEATING ELEMENT Carl F. Gram. Elisabethton, Tenn., assignor to North American Rayon Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application December 2, 1936, Serial No. 113,876
4Claims.
7 their passage thereover.
It has been known in the art, in so-called continuous process machines to heat yarn conveying rollers by heating elements mounted within the roller whereby the yarn receives the drying heat by conduction. This method results in considerable loss of heat with a resulting higher cost of production.
Another method of drying yarn has been to heat the rollers by gas-bumers resembling the Bunsen type. Such burners give of! a narrow fanshaped flame which is directed against the surface of the roller at a point which the yarn being conveyed is not in contact with at the time.
When drying yarn in continuous lengths with an open flame the thread is conveyed in an approximately helical path over a pair of spaced rotating rollers positioned at an angle to one another. The
burner is situated below the top roller and fixed or mounted on a stationary support between the two rollers. The flame must be so adjusted that perfect combustion is obtained to avoid depositing soot or other contaminations on the roller which would result in damage to the yarn; This method of heating the surface of the roller has usually' been considered the proper and best method for drying yarn in continuous lengths.
Although the aforementioned method has been combustion is also another great disadvantage.
It is'therefore one object of the present invention to devise a heating element for yarn which may be readily and positively controlled.
Another object of the present invention is to devise a heating element which concentrates the heat rays mainly through reflection whereby a minimum amount of heat energy is lost.
A further object of the present invention is to devise a novel heating element for drying yarn or thread which will not impair the quality thereof.
Still another object of the present invention is to devise a heating unit which is adapted to direct back to the surface to be heated all radiated rays which were not initially directed to that surface.
These and other objects of the present invention will in part become obvious and in part be pointed out hereinafter.
To the attainment of the aforesaid objects and ends, my invention consists in the novel features of construction and in the combination, construction and in the combination, connection and arrangement of parts, hereinafter more fully described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing and then pointed out in the appended claims.
In the drawing:
Fig. l is a side elevation of a pair of spaced thread conveying rollers with my invention illustrated in operative position thereto.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is enlarged detail view of one end of one of the rollers and my heating element in operative position thereto.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged end elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged section taken on the line A-A of Fig. 3.
In the drawing in which like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all of the figures, I and 2 indicate the spaced rollers over which the thread 3 is conveyed in an approximately helical path from one end of the said rollers to the other end thereof.
The rollers I and 2 are mounted on a frame 4 and are driven by any suitable means (not shown). These rollers I and 2 are positioned so that their axes are at a slight angle, one to the other, whereby the thread or yarn, during the rotation of the rollers, is passed in a well known maner in spirals thereover.
The wet-treated threads are passed to the rollers I and 2 for the purpose of being dried thereon.
The novelty of the invention lies in the concentration of heat rays on the surface of a roller or rollers through radiation and reflection, whereby the heat applied may be controlled and directed with a minimum loss of heat energy.
The heating element I may and does consist of any well known resistance element such as a wire. coiled or straight, a carborundum rod. etc., which is heated to the desired temperature by electricity.
The radiant element 5 is partly surrounded by a polished reflector 6 which catches all heat rays not directed to the roller and concentrates them by reflection on the surface of the roller I. The roller 2 in this embodiment serves also as guide means for the heated roller I.
The curve of the reflector 8 may be a conic section or a combination of conic sections. It may be so designed that all the heat rays are concentrated in a very confined area, thereby obtaining very high temperature on the surface to which they may be applied, or the major portion of the rays may be concentrated in a confined area on the roller and the remainder of the heat rays distributed with less intensity on one or both sides of the center to create a preheating zone, or an after-heating zone, or both.
The heating element 5 has the usual terminal contacts I and 8 to which the current carrying wires 9 and ID are attached.
The wires 9 and I pass through the hollow support II on which the heating unit is mounted To regulate the temperature of the heat rays applied a rheostat control l2 may be used in conjunction with the heating unit, or preferably a transformer to regulate the voltage applied, which prevents loss of energy occurring in a rheostat.
By means of the novel device heat transfer from the source to the point of utilization can be carried out with practically no heat loss, since all heat issuing from the source is fully and uniformly applied to the rollers.
The heat which is carried away from the source by convection is brought into close contact with the curved surface due to the proximity of the said source to the roller.
The minor portion of the heat rays are transferred to the curved surface by radiation. The major portion of the heat rays which are ordinarily lost are caught by the reflector' and redirected back to the surface of the roller. The reflected rays are directed and controlled according to the calculated curve of the reflector and the position of the heating element with respect thereto. It is clearly apparent that this novel heating unit reduces to a minimum the usual loss of heat encountered in the drying of continuous thread lengths.
It is of course understood that the reflector 6 should have a highly polished reflecting surface and that, further, the reflector may and should be insulated.
The reflector may be made of double glass walls, evacuated between, and having the surface facing the roller coated with a silver reflecting surface.
It is preferable to have the reflector start to curve inwardly as it nears the roller or curved surface so that no direct heat rays escape through the space between roller and reflector edge. For similar considerations, it is desirable to place the heating element at one focus of an elliptical reflector and the heated surface at the other focus. This arrangement is indicated in Fig. 4
Further means may be supplied to change the relative position of the heating element and the reflector 6 whereby different concentrations of the heat waves may be regulated. In the drawing screws l3 are shown for changing the position of the heating element relative to the reflector. As shown in Fig. 5 the heating element 5 is held in alignment by brackets l4 provided on both sides of the reflector 6, and is freely slidable along the surfaces I5 so that by adjusting the screws l3 it may be raised and lowered. However, it might be desirable to change the position of the reflector, or both, and applicant therefore does not wish to be limited solely to the adjusting means shown.
From the foregoing description, taken in connection with accompanying drawing it is thought the complete construction, operation and advantages of my invention will be clear to those skilled in the art to which it pertains.
It is to be understood that the form of my invention, herewith shown and described, is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit of my invention, or the scope of the subjoined claims.
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
1. Apparatus for drying a continuous length of yarn, thread, or the like comprising, in combination, a rotatable cylinder, a heating element adjacent the periphery of said cylinder and adapted for transmitting heat thereto through radiation, a reflector curved in the form of a conic section partly surrounding said heating element and arranged to reflect back to the periphery of said cylinder all heat rays which had not been directed thereagainst, and means for guiding the yarn, thread, or the like over the rotatable cylinder.
2. Apparatus for drying a continuous length of yarn, thread, or the like comprising, in combination, a rotatable cylinder, a heating element adjacent the periphery of said cylinder for heating said periphery through radiation, a reflector partly surrounding said heating element, said reflector being curved in a conic section and having its ends adjacent said periphery and bending inwardly whereby no direct heat rays escape between said periphery and said reflector ends, and means for guiding the yarn, thread, or the like over the rotatable cylinder.
3. Apparatus for drying a continuous length of yarn, thread, or the like comprising, in combination, a rotatable cylinder, a radiant heating element fixed adjacent said cylinder, an elliptical reflector partly surrounding said heating element, said heating element being positioned within the reflector at one focus thereof, and means for guiding the yarn, thread, or the like over the rotatable cylinder, said cylinder and reflector between them being arranged completely to surround the heating element except for the clearance necessary to permit rotation of the cylinder.
US113876A 1936-12-02 1936-12-02 Heating element Expired - Lifetime US2244689A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US113876A US2244689A (en) 1936-12-02 1936-12-02 Heating element

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US113876A US2244689A (en) 1936-12-02 1936-12-02 Heating element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2244689A true US2244689A (en) 1941-06-10

Family

ID=22352041

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US113876A Expired - Lifetime US2244689A (en) 1936-12-02 1936-12-02 Heating element

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2244689A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130074358A1 (en) * 2011-09-24 2013-03-28 Quantum Technology Holdings Limited Heated body with high heat transfer rate material and its use

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130074358A1 (en) * 2011-09-24 2013-03-28 Quantum Technology Holdings Limited Heated body with high heat transfer rate material and its use

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2556008A (en) Plastic-sealing apparatus
US2263866A (en) Ray treatment for surfaces
US4669159A (en) Arrangement for the stretching and warping of warp threads
US2445443A (en) Means for drying extended lengths of thread with infrared lamps
US2924695A (en) Electric furnace control method
US2244689A (en) Heating element
US2354658A (en) Radiant heat treating and apparatus therefor
US3543002A (en) Quartz heater pack
US3649808A (en) Fusing device
JP2014013863A (en) Linear heating apparatus
GB1349104A (en) Apparatus including a spheroidal radiation reflector pair for heating a sample
US2303873A (en) Infrared health lamp
US3460930A (en) Back reflector for radiant energy glass-to-metal sealing means
US2021276A (en) Spring winding machine
US2504426A (en) Method for forming flat spiral glass tubing
US1973546A (en) Means for and method of separating glass sheets
US2410931A (en) Tube cracking machine
US2244744A (en) Process for drying yarn
US2299239A (en) Apparatus for drying thread or the like
US3672857A (en) Apparatus for producing glass filaments with auxiliary heating means
USRE21979E (en) peterson
GB779800A (en) Improved process and a device for the heating of continuously moving threads, ribbons and like products
GB968035A (en) Improvements in method and apparatus for forming spiral lamp tubes
JP4511933B2 (en) Method and apparatus for producing quartz glass material
SU454302A1 (en) Device for heat treatment of fabric