US2243217A - Spring - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- US2243217A US2243217A US306456A US30645639A US2243217A US 2243217 A US2243217 A US 2243217A US 306456 A US306456 A US 306456A US 30645639 A US30645639 A US 30645639A US 2243217 A US2243217 A US 2243217A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- retarding
- construction
- rod
- return
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
- G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
- G04B1/14—Mainsprings; Bridles therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
- F16F1/14—Torsion springs consisting of bars or tubes
- F16F1/16—Attachments or mountings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F1/00—Apparatus which can be set and started to measure-off predetermined or adjustably-fixed time intervals without driving mechanisms, e.g. egg timers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H7/00—Devices for introducing a predetermined time delay between the initiation of the switching operation and the opening or closing of the contacts
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improvement in spring constructions, and has for one of its objects the provision of springs so constructed that their action is controlled thereby providing an arrangement having numerous uses.
- My construction is such that the action of the spring. is delayed; in other words, the construction is such that sudden motion, as in an ordinary spring, is resisted, the spring, after distortion, returning to its initial shape slowly and uniformly.
- my invention comprehends the provision of a spring which is combined with a retarding material in such a fashion that the sudden return of a distorted spring to its initial shape'is resisted, with the result that the action of the spring is slow and uniform;
- a retarding material By properly proportioning the retarding material to the spring material one may obtain a spring which instead of restoring itself instantly to initial shape may take several hours to operate.
- Such a construction is useful, for example, in time switches or other type of delayed action mechanism where more expensive equipment such as dashpots, clock mechanisms, etc. are now used.
- FIG. 3 is a section on the line l-l of Fig. 3;
- FIGs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 illustrate my invention applied to a flat spring
- Fig. 7 is a section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 6;
- Fig. '10 illustrates another embodiment of my invention as applied to a helical extension spring
- Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate my invention as incorporated in spiral springs
- Figs. 13 and 14 illustrate the application 0 my invention to torsion springs.
- Figs. 13 and 14 illustrate the application 0 my invention to torsion springs.
- Fig. 1 In this figure I haveshown 4 of retarding material such: as above mentioned.
- Fig. 2 I have shown a construction which is the same in principle as the embodiment of the invention of Fig. 1.
- the spring 6 is hollow and within helices of this hollow spring is a helix 8 of the retarding material above referred to.
- a helix 8 of the retarding material above referred to.
- Figs. 3 and i, Fig. 4 being a section, on the line tof Fig. 3, illustrate another application of my invention.
- This form of my invention is directed to the control of a helical spring guished from the torsional distortion of the springs of Figs. 1 and 2.
- the helical spring of these two figures is designated l0, and this spring is wrapped helically about a bar or rod I2 of any of the retarding materials referred to. It will be quite apparent that where this spring assembly is deflected or bent to the shape shown in Fig. 3 by the application of force thereto transverse of the axis of the spring and is released, instead of snapping back to its original shape, it will return to initial shape very slowly, retarded by the bar l2.
- Fig. 5 shows a reversal of parts as compared with Fig. 3, the helically wound spring designated l4 extending through the bore of a tubel6 of retarding material.
- Figs; 6 and '7, 8 and 8 show still further embodiments of the invention; With respect to Figs.-6 and 7, Fig. 7 being a section on the line l-'I of Fig. 6, it will be seen that I8 represents a fiat spring, bent to a U-shape, a rod 2llpassing through'its free ends. This rod is provided with limiting stops 22 Superimposed on this other and then released, the return of the spring v to its original shape will be slow and uniform,
- Fig. 8 shows in cross section thesame design as Figs. 6 and -7, except that a strip 24' -is employed having a cross-section differing from that of Fig. 6.
- FIG. 10 Still another embodiment of my invention has been illustrated in Fig. 10.
- 30 designates a rod mounted in fixed support 32
- a coil spring 34 is mounted on this rod.
- 36 i a stop on the rod adjacent one end of the spring 34,
- 38 is an adjustment nut at the other end of the spring for adjusting the tension of the spring.
- 40 designates a retarding strip anchored at one end to a fixed member 42. The strip40 is bent or bowed,
- Figs. 11 and 12 show the application of my invention to spiral springs.
- 44 designates a spiral spring, its inner end being secured to a member 46 to be rotated.
- Extending along the outside of this spring in Fig. 11 is a retarding strip 48, the inner end of which is secured to the member 46, its outer end'being attached to the outer end of the spring, as seen at 50.
- Unwinding of this spring is slow and uniform, due to the resistance of the retarding strip 48.
- Fig. 12 I illustrate a similar construction except'that' the strip 48' is on the inside of the spring 44, instead of along the outside, as in Fig.-11.
- Fig. 14 illustrates the same idea,- 53 being a" tube of spring metal through which passes a rod of retarding material.
- the tube and rod are bent at the ends, as before, and when the spring metal tube is twisted and released its return to normal is resisted by the bar 58.
- a spring construction comprising in combination a spring wound in torsion and an inelastic retarding element for controlling the unwinding of the spring, the retarding element intermediate its ends being free of attachment to the spring.
- a spring construction comprising in combination a spring wound in torsion and a lead tin alloy retarding member therefor, the spring ⁇ and retarding member being free of attachment bination a coil spring wound in torsion and a lead tin alloy coil connected at one end to the spring but otherwise free of attachment thereto,
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Description
May 27, 1941. o. w. LORYINI SPRING.
Filed Nov. 28, 1939 ATTORNEY5. 7
Patented May 27, 1941 UNITED STAT Es PATEN T, OFFICE Osmun W. Lorini, Yonkers, N. Y.
Y Application November 28, 1939, Serial No. 306,456-
3 Claims.
This invention relates to an improvement in spring constructions, and has for one of its objects the provision of springs so constructed that their action is controlled thereby providing an arrangement having numerous uses. My construction is such that the action of the spring. is delayed; in other words, the construction is such that sudden motion, as in an ordinary spring, is resisted, the spring, after distortion, returning to its initial shape slowly and uniformly. I i
More specifically my invention comprehends the provision of a spring which is combined with a retarding material in such a fashion that the sudden return of a distorted spring to its initial shape'is resisted, with the result that the action of the spring is slow and uniform; By properly proportioning the retarding material to the spring material one may obtain a spring which instead of restoring itself instantly to initial shape may take several hours to operate.
Such a construction is useful, for example, in time switches or other type of delayed action mechanism where more expensive equipment such as dashpots, clock mechanisms, etc. are now used.
I find that fiber, copper, lead, tin and various other materials may be used, with good results, in the practice of my invention, as well as alloys of some of these materials. For example, an
alloy composed of lead and tin gives excellent a helical coil spring 2 enclosed in a helical tube The wall thickness of the alloy tube will depend the return of this springassembly to initial shape I which is to be distorted by bending, as distintion, leaving considerable spring energy avail- .Figs. 1 and :2 show my invention applied to helical coil springs;
3, 4 and, 5 show my invention applied to helical springs which are to be deflected, the spring afterdeflection slowly returning. to its original shape; Fig. 4 is a section on the line l-l of Fig. 3;
Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9 illustrate my invention applied to a flat spring; s
Fig. 7 is a section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 6;
Fig. '10 illustrates another embodiment of my invention as applied to a helical extension spring;
Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate my invention as incorporated in spiral springs; and
Figs. 13 and 14 illustrate the application 0 my invention to torsion springs. Referring to the drawing in detail and first of all to the embodiment of my invention as illustrated in Fig. 1: In this figure I haveshown 4 of retarding material such: as above mentioned.
upon the desired action of the assembly, the slower the desired action of the spring, the thicker the wall of the alloy tube. As explained above,
is slow and uniform.
In Fig. 2 I have shown a construction which is the same in principle as the embodiment of the invention of Fig. 1. In this construction the spring 6 is hollow and within helices of this hollow spring is a helix 8 of the retarding material above referred to. When the hollow spring member 5 is compressed or extended its return to its original shape is resisted .by the hollow member or helix 8, as nowwill be understood.
Figs. 3 and i, Fig. 4 being a section, on the line tof Fig. 3, illustrate another application of my invention. This form of my invention is directed to the control of a helical spring guished from the torsional distortion of the springs of Figs. 1 and 2. The helical spring of these two figures is designated l0, and this spring is wrapped helically about a bar or rod I2 of any of the retarding materials referred to. It will be quite apparent that where this spring assembly is deflected or bent to the shape shown in Fig. 3 by the application of force thereto transverse of the axis of the spring and is released, instead of snapping back to its original shape, it will return to initial shape very slowly, retarded by the bar l2.
Fig. 5 shows a reversal of parts as compared with Fig. 3, the helically wound spring designated l4 extending through the bore of a tubel6 of retarding material.
Figs; 6 and '7, 8 and 8 show still further embodiments of the invention; With respect to Figs.-6 and 7, Fig. 7 being a section on the line l-'I of Fig. 6, it will be seen that I8 represents a fiat spring, bent to a U-shape, a rod 2llpassing through'its free ends. This rod is provided with limiting stops 22 Superimposed on this other and then released, the return of the spring v to its original shape will be slow and uniform,
' as compared with a snap action, due to the resistance offered by the retarding strip 24.
Fig. 8 shows in cross section thesame design as Figs. 6 and -7, except that a strip 24' -is employed having a cross-section differing from that of Fig. 6.
In Fig. 9 the spring I8 is enclosed in a tube 24" of retarding material.
Still another embodiment of my invention has been illustrated in Fig. 10. Referring to this figure of the drawing, 30 designates a rod mounted in fixed support 32 A coil spring 34 is mounted on this rod. 36 i a stop on the rod adjacent one end of the spring 34,, while 38 is an adjustment nut at the other end of the spring for adjusting the tension of the spring. 40 designates a retarding strip anchored at one end to a fixed member 42. The strip40 is bent or bowed,
its free end being received by the rod 30, and lyspring will return to its original shape with a slow uniform movement resisted by the strip 40, in-
I stead of with a snap action.
Figs. 11 and 12 show the application of my invention to spiral springs. In Fig. 11, 44 designates a spiral spring, its inner end being secured to a member 46 to be rotated. Extending along the outside of this spring in Fig. 11 is a retarding strip 48, the inner end of which is secured to the member 46, its outer end'being attached to the outer end of the spring, as seen at 50., Unwinding of this spring, as will be apparent, is slow and uniform, due to the resistance of the retarding strip 48.
In Fig. 12 I illustrate a similar construction except'that' the strip 48' is on the inside of the spring 44, instead of along the outside, as in Fig.-11.
, Fig. 14 illustrates the same idea,- 53 being a" tube of spring metal through which passes a rod of retarding material. The tube and rod are bent at the ends, as before, and when the spring metal tube is twisted and released its return to normal is resisted by the bar 58.
It will be apparent from all of the foregoing that my invention provides a spring construction in which the return of the spring to its initial shape after distortion is slow and uniform, instead of the snap action of the usual spring. While I have illustrated several embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that I have not'attempted to exhaust the possibilities of my invention in this respect, the invention being capable of incorporationin other forms within the purview of my invention What I claim is:
l. A spring construction comprising in combination a spring wound in torsion and an inelastic retarding element for controlling the unwinding of the spring, the retarding element intermediate its ends being free of attachment to the spring. v
2. A spring construction comprising in combination a spring wound in torsion and a lead tin alloy retarding member therefor, the spring {and retarding member being free of attachment bination a coil spring wound in torsion and a lead tin alloy coil connected at one end to the spring but otherwise free of attachment thereto,
for controlling unwinding of the spring.
OSMUN W. LORINI.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US306456A US2243217A (en) | 1939-11-28 | 1939-11-28 | Spring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US306456A US2243217A (en) | 1939-11-28 | 1939-11-28 | Spring |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2243217A true US2243217A (en) | 1941-05-27 |
Family
ID=23185368
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US306456A Expired - Lifetime US2243217A (en) | 1939-11-28 | 1939-11-28 | Spring |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2243217A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2693750A (en) * | 1949-03-09 | 1954-11-09 | Mcgraw Electric Co | Cooking device |
US3145760A (en) * | 1959-12-04 | 1964-08-25 | Elek Ska Svetsningsaktiebolage | Wire coiling |
DE1179051B (en) * | 1960-02-25 | 1964-10-01 | Pompey Acieries | Self-absorbing pen |
US3179399A (en) * | 1963-01-31 | 1965-04-20 | Richard T Ellis | High energy damping spring |
US3195811A (en) * | 1962-06-01 | 1965-07-20 | Raytheon Co | Damping stabilizer devices |
EP0039491A1 (en) * | 1980-05-05 | 1981-11-11 | Alfred Robertson Austen | A resettable apparatus for producing time-delayed force and/or displacement response |
US4640500A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-02-03 | Shiau Jgi J | Inherently effectively damped coiled spring |
FR2938618A1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-21 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Torsion spring e.g. spiral spring, has envelope spring unit serving as envelope in which internal spring units are placed, where internal spring units are realized in thickness coefficient material |
-
1939
- 1939-11-28 US US306456A patent/US2243217A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2693750A (en) * | 1949-03-09 | 1954-11-09 | Mcgraw Electric Co | Cooking device |
US3145760A (en) * | 1959-12-04 | 1964-08-25 | Elek Ska Svetsningsaktiebolage | Wire coiling |
DE1179051B (en) * | 1960-02-25 | 1964-10-01 | Pompey Acieries | Self-absorbing pen |
US3195811A (en) * | 1962-06-01 | 1965-07-20 | Raytheon Co | Damping stabilizer devices |
US3179399A (en) * | 1963-01-31 | 1965-04-20 | Richard T Ellis | High energy damping spring |
EP0039491A1 (en) * | 1980-05-05 | 1981-11-11 | Alfred Robertson Austen | A resettable apparatus for producing time-delayed force and/or displacement response |
US4640500A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-02-03 | Shiau Jgi J | Inherently effectively damped coiled spring |
FR2938618A1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-21 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Torsion spring e.g. spiral spring, has envelope spring unit serving as envelope in which internal spring units are placed, where internal spring units are realized in thickness coefficient material |
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