US2243123A

US2243123A - Fluid translating apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2243123A
Application number: US279633A
Authority: US
Inventors: John G Ritter
Original assignee: Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: CBS Corp
Priority date: 1939-06-17
Filing date: 1939-06-17
Publication date: 1941-05-27
Anticipated expiration: 1958-05-27

Description

May 27, 1941. J. G. RITTER 2,243,123 FLUID TRANSLA'TING APPARATUS Filed June 17, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 l-llll lllllll I WITNESSES: Z? IYN\VENTOR 7?, W FIG 5 JOHN G. R/T ER ATTORNEY May 27, 1941- J. G. RITTER FLUID TRANSLATING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 17, 1939 III INVEN JOHN G. R/

A'ITORN WITNESSES:

TOR TTER Patented May 27, 1941 FLUID TRANSLATING APPARATUS John G. Bitter, Springfield, Mass, assignor to Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company, East Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania.

Application June 17, 1939, Serial No. 279,633

8 Claims.

My invention relates to fluid translating apparatus, more particularly to a suction valve structure therefor of the reed type. This type comprises a thin flexible valve reed or strip which is loosely held at both ends so as to permit bending of the entire valve strip along a single curve upon the suction stroke of the piston. A valve structure of this type is shown and described, for example, in Patent No. 1,341,145 of R. Meyer.

Prior valve structures of this type comprise a plate disposed between the suction valve seat and the cylinder, which interposed plate cooperates with the valve seat to position the valve strip and to form a stop for opening movement. The plate is formed with ports on opposite sides of the valve strip to provide communication with the cylinder, and these ports result in increased volumetric clearance. That is, upon the compression stroke they receive compressed gas which re-expands duringthe suction stroke, and partially fills the cylinder, thereby decreasing the quantity of gas that is actually translated.

An object of my invention is to provide an improved valve structure of the character set forth.

A more particular object is to provide a suction valve structure of decreased volumetric clearance toincrease the eiliciency of the compressor, particularly at low suction pressure.

One embodiment of my invention, for example, comprises a valve reed or strip extending across the end of the cylinder, both ends of the strip projecting beyond the cylinder and being loosely held in recesses formed in the cylinder member. Upon the suction stroke of the piston, the central portion of the valve strip moves into the cylinder, moving into a position thereof traversed by the piston. My invention may also be incorporated in other embodiments, some of which are shown on the drawings.

The above and other objects are efiected by my invention as will be apparent from the following description and claims taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view, taken on the line I-I of Fig. 2, of the compressor in which my novel suction valve structure is incorporated;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line II-II of Fig. 1;

' Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical sectional views showing the discharge and suction valves, respectively, and taken on the section lines III-III and IV-IV, respectively, of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a second embodiment of my invention, the section being taken on the line VV of Fig. 6;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the second embodiment taken on the section line VI-VI of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of a third embodiment, with parts of the compressor removed;

Fig. 8 is a vertical section taken on the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional View of a further embodiment;

Fig. 10 is avertical sectional view of another embodiment, including a modified form of cylinder head, which is particularly suitable for compressors used in domestic refrigerators, the section being taken on the line X-X of Fig. 11;

Fig. 11 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line XI-XI of Fig. 10; and

Fig. 12 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line XII-XII of Fig. 10. r

Referring now to the drawings more in detail, I show, in Fig. 1, a portion of a reciprocating compressor in which my novel valve structure is incorporated. The compressor includes a cylinder block or member 10 in which a cylinder II is formed. The cylinder extends perpendicularly to and terminates in the plane surface formed on the top of the cylinder member. A reciprocating piston 12 operates within the cylinder I l. The cylinder member is further formed with a suction or inlet passage l3 and a discharge or outlet passage M.

A valve plate I5 is positioned on the upper plane surface of the cylinder member, and a cylinder head 16 is positioned above the valve plate. The cylinder head It is bolted-to the cylinder member by means of suitable bolts and nuts, some of which are indicated at H, the valve plate l5 being clamped between the cylinder head and the cylinder block. The cylinder head is formed with a suction chamber I3 and a discharge chamber 19, the chambers being separated by a partition 20. The suction chamber I3 communicates with the suction passage [3 through a port 2| formed in the valve plate 15 and with the cylinder l I through a suction valve indicated generally by the reference numeral 22. The discharge chamber 19 communicates with the discharge passage l4 through a port 23 formed in the valve plate l5 and with the cylinder ll through a discharge valve, indicated generally by the reference numeral 24.

The

valves

22 and 24 are of the type known as the reed valve. The suction valve 22 comprises a port 25 formed in the valve plate 95 and a thin resilient valve reed or strip which seats against that portion of the lower surface of the valve plate surrounding the port As will be seen from the drawing, the valve strip 23 extends across and through the cylinder at the end thereof, both ends projecting beyon the cylinder.

The cylinder block i9 is formed with recesses 2? for receiving the projecting end portions of the valve strip 25. These recesses are formed, as shown on the drawings, so as to restrain the Valve strip against either longitudinal or transverse movement in the plane of the valve strip. The lower surfaces of the recesses, however, are curved downwardly toward the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 4. Accordingly, the recesses permit the valve strip 26 to be bowed downwardly away from the valve seat in the manner shown in Fig. 19. Such bowing of the valve strip is effected by the suction gas flowing into the cylinder upon the downward or suction stroke of the piston l2. The lower surfaces of the recesses are preferably inclined surhciently to provide some clearance between the same the valve strip when the latter is bowed, as shown in Fig. 10. Only the ends of the valve strip contact these surfaces. The advantage of this arrangement is that it provides quieter operation, since there is no part of the valve strip striking against the surfaces.

The upper surface of the piston 52 is preferably recessed, as shown at 23 in Fig. l, to r ceive the valve strip, so that the major portion of the upper surface of the piston may approach more closely the lower surface of the valve plate Hi. This arrangement minimizes the volumetric clearance, that is, the space in the cylinder at the end of the compression stroke.

The discharge valve 2 3 comprises a port 22: formed in the valve plate 55 and'a valve strip 30 seating on the upper surface of the valve plate !5 around the port The valve strip is positioned in any suitable manner, for example, by a guide member 3 formed with recesses 32 which position the portions of the valve strip in a manner similar to that in which the valve strip 25 is retained. The guide member 31 may be bolted to the valve plate l5 by means of bolts i Ossrnrron In the operation of the compressor, the piston i2 is reciprocated in the usual manner. The downward movement of the piston tends to create a vacuum in the cylinder i, whereupon the gaseous fluid is drawn through the suction passage l3, the port 2!, the suction chamber and the suction valve 22 into the cylinder 5 i. The flow of the suction gas causes the suction valve strip 25 to be flexed or bowed downwardly along a single curve, as indicated in Fig. 10. The gaseous fluid fiows through the port 25 and on opposite sides of the valve strip 26. During the suction stroke the discharge valve 24 is held in closed position by the higher pressure in the discharge chamber 59.

Upon the upward or compression stroke of the piston 12, the suction valve strip 2% assumes its normal fiat position and as the gas in the cylinder is compressed, it is held tightly against its seat. At the same time, the discharge valve strip 38 is flexed upwardly against the guide member 3! by the pressure of the gas flowing from the compressor. Accordingly, the piston causes flow of gas from the cylinder H, through the discharge valve 2 the discharge chamber 39, and the port 23 to the discharge passage M.

It will be noted that, upon the suction stroke of the piston, the central portion of the suction valve strip 25 moves into that portion of the cylinder which is traversed by the piston. The utilization of this space avoids the necessity of pro viding space which adds to the volumetric clearance.

Figs. 5 and 6 In Figs. 5 and 6, I show an embodiment of my invention which is particularly suitable for smaller compressors, such as those used for domestic refrigerators. Instead of a separate guide member for the discharge valve, as in the first embodiment, the cylinder head itself is formed with an integral projection 34, formed as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, to constitute a retaining member and stop for the discharge valve. This projection is formed with two apertures 35 to provide for fiow of the gas discharged from that side of the valve which is adjacent the partition 253a to the discharge chamber lea. In other respects, this embodiment is the same as the first.

Figs. 7 and 8 In Figs. '7 and 8, a sheet metal spacing element 36 is provided to space the valve plate l5 and the cylinder member It?) to receive the valve strip 26 therebetween, the sheet metal element 36 being of slightly greater thickness than the valve strip. The sheet metal member 38 is of the form shown in Fig. 7, and is formed with recesses 3? which receive the end portions of the valve strip 26 and restrain the valve strip against both lengthwise and sidewise movement. The cylinder member lfib is formed with recesses 38 which are in registry with the recesses 37 but which are inclined downwardly toward the cylinder Hi. It will be noted that the recesses 37 and 38 tog-ether form a recess of the form of the recesses 27 of the first embodiment. The advantage of this arrangement is in providing a simpler'machining operation, in that the recesses 38 are formed entirely on the arc of a circle and may, therefore, be formed by the single movement of a milling cutter.

Fig. 9

with recesses 27 similar to the recesses 21 of the first embodiment.

The operation of this embodiment is identical with that of the first embodiment. The only difference in construction is that the recesses 27 are formed in a separate and smaller member which may be more easily handled in forming the recesses 27.

Figs. 10, 11 and 12 In Figs. 10, 11 and 12, I show still another embodiment which is suitable for small compressors, such as those used in domestic refrigerators. In this embodiment, the suction and discharge valves, and the partition in the cylinder head therebetween extend longitudinally, that is, parallelto the row in which the suction and discharge passages and the cylinder are disposed. The advantage of this arrangement is to permit the gas discharged from the opposite sides of the discharge strip 30 to flow longitudinally of the valve to the discharge passage l4.

While I have shown my invention in several forms, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible of various other changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof, and I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a compressor or the like, the combination of a cylinder member having a cylinder formed therein, a piston movable in the cylinder, a valve plate closing one end of the cylinder and having a suction valve port disposed in registry with the cylinder, a thin flexible valve reed or strip adapted to close said port, said valve strip being disposed between the cylinder member and the valve plate and extending across said cylinder with both end portions thereof projecting beyond the cylinder, and said cylinder member being formed with recesses adapted to receive the projecting end portions and permit the same to move therein angularly about the ends of the strip when the valve strip is bowed into the cylinder upon the suction stroke of the piston.

2. In a compressor or the like, the combination of a cylinder member having a cylinder formed therein and a plane surface at one end of the cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, a valve plate disposed against said plane surface across the cylinder and having a port adapted to communicate with the cylinder, and a suction valve reed or strip disposed between the cylinder memher and the valve plate on the cylinder side of said plane, said valve reed extending across the cylinder in registry with said port and projectin'g beyond the cylinder at both ends, said cylinder member being formed with recesses in which said projecting end portions are received and which permit the valve reed to deflect so that the central portion thereof moves into the space in the cylinder traversed by the piston.

3. In a compressor or the like, the combination of a cylinder member having a cylinder formed therein, a piston movable in the cylinder, a wall closing one end of the cylinder and having a suction valve port disposed in registry with the cylinder, a resilient valve reed or strip disposed on the cylinder side of said wall for controlling the fiow of fluid through the port, means for retaining the end portions of said valve strip but permitting said end portions to move angularly about the ends of the valve strip upon valve opening movement, the parts being constructed and arranged so that the central portion of the valve strip is bowed, upon the suction stroke of the piston, into the space within the cylinder that is traversed by the piston.

4. In a compressor or the like, the combination of a cylinder member having a cylinder formed therein, a piston movable in the cylinder, a wall closing one end of the cylinder and having a suction valve port disposed in registry with the cylinder, a resilient valve reed or strip disposed on the cylinder side of said wall in such position that the intermediate portion of the valve strip cooperates with said port to form a suction valve for the cylinder while both end portions thereof project beyond the cylinder, and means for retaining the end portions of the valve strip but permitting the same to move angularly about the ends of the valve strip upon valve'opening movement, the parts being constructed and arranged so that, upon the suction stroke of the piston, the intermediate portion of the valve strip moves into the space within the cylinder that is traversed by the piston.

5. In a compressor or the like, the combination of a cylinder member having a cylinder formed therein, a piston movable in the cylinder, a wall closing one end of the cylinder and having a suction valve port disposed in registry with the cylinder, a resilient valve reed or strip disposed on the cylinder side of said wall in such position that the intermediate portion of the valve strip cooperates with said port to form a suction valve for the cylinder while both end portions thereof project beyond the cylinder, the cylinder member being formed with recesses for said projecting end portions, said recesses including side and end walls for restraining the valve strip sidewise and lengthwise and bottom walls which are inclined upwardly from the cylinder to permit the angular movement of the end portions which accompanies the bowing of the valve strip into the cylinder upon the suction stroke of the piston.

6. In a compressor or the like, the combination of a cylinder member having a cylinder formed therein, a piston movable in the cylinder, a valve plate closing one end of the cylinder and having suction and discharge ports therein registering with the cylinder, a cylinder head formed with a partition disposed between said suction and discharge ports and dividing the cylinder head into suction and discharge chambers communicating with said suction and discharge ports, respectively, said discharge port being elongated and extending parallel to said partition, the compressor being formed with an outlet for the discharge chamber, a resilient valve strip disposed on the cylinder side of said plate and cooperating with the suction port to form a suction valve for the cylinder, a second resilient valve strip disposed in said discharge chamber and cooperating with said discharge port to form a discharge valve for the cylinder, said cylinder head being formed with an integral elongated projection extending along said discharge valve strip and forming a guide or retaining member therefor, said cylinder head being formed with a passage for flow of discharged fluid from the space between said projection and said partition to said outlet.

7. In a compressor or the like, the combination of a cylinder member having a cylinder formed therein, a piston movable in the cylinder, a wall closing one end of the cylinder and having a suction valve port disposed in registry with the cylinder, a resilient valve reed or strip disposed between said wall and said cylinder member, the intermediate portion of the valve strip controlling flow through said port and the end portions thereof projecting beyond said cylinder, a sheet metal member of slightly greater thickness than said valve strip secured between said wall and said cylinder member to space the same for accommodating said valve strip, said sheet metal member being formed to receive said projecting end portions and to restrain the same against lengthwise and sidcwise movement, the

cylinder member being formed with recesses in registry with said end portions for receiving the same When the valve strip is bowed inwardly of the cylinder upon the suction stroke of the piston.

8. In a compressor or the like, the combination of a cylinder member having a cylinder formed therein, a piston movable in the cylinder, first and second valve platesdisposed across one end of the cylinder, the valve plate adjacent the cylinder being formed with an opening. which coincides with and forms an extension of said cylinder, the piston being movable into said opening, the other valve plate being formed with a'suction' port in registry with the cylinder, a resilient valve reed or strip extending across the cylinder with the intermediate portion in registry with said port and with the end portions projecting beyond the cylinder, the projecting end portions of said valve strip being retained between, said valve plates and the valve plate adjacent the cylinder member being formed with recesses which permit the end portions to move angularly when the valve strip is bowed inwardly of the cylinder upon the suction stroke of the piston.

JOHN G. BITTER.