US224001A

US224001A - Alexander dela

Info

Publication number: US224001A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1880-02-03
Anticipated expiration: 1897-02-03

Description

.A. DBLANEY.

Svpark-Arrester 'for Steam-Boilers.

No. 224,001. Patented Feb. 3, 188.0.

d: "LZ d :I Fly# if Y N PETERS, FHOTOMTNGGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D c.

` arresters more particularly einen,

ALEXANDER DELANEY, OF RIGMOND, VIRGINIA.

5 SPARK-ARRESTER FOR STEAM-codecs.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Batent No. 224,001, dated February 3, 1880.

` Application filed December 24, 1879. i l

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER DELANEY, of the city ot Richmond, in the county of Henrico and State of Virginia,have invented new and 4useful Improvements in Spark-Arresters for Steam-Boilers, ot which the following is a specieation.

My invention relates to that class of sparkdesigned for use on steam-boilers employed for agricultural purposes, or steam-engines employed in driving machinery for Working up inflammable materials, to avoid fire being communicated to said materials by sparks escaping from the smoke-stack.

The invention is an ilnproveinentpon that for which I have obtained Letters Patent of the United States dated November 5, 1878, and No. 209,668 5 and it consists, first, in providing the smoke-box of a steam-boiler with a smokepipe connected at the upper end with the smoke-stack and having its lower end to project below the boiler-tlues, and in making said pipe adjustable vertically, whereby any number or all the iiues may be uncovered, and theA draft thereby regulated.

The invention further consists in the com bination, With said4 adjustable vsmoke-pipe, of a diaphragm or deflector arranged below said -pipe within the smoke-box in such manner as to deiiect and conduct the products of com bustion downwardly toward the bottom of the smoke-box before they reach the adjustable smoke-pipe.

The invention further consists in the com' bination, with the adjustable smoke-pipe and the detlector-diaphragm, ot' a water-reservoir and a series of deiiecting-plates, forming ascending and descending lues or passages for the products of combustion before they reach the adjustable smoke-pipe, and whereby alleinders and sparks are arrested and thrown down into the water and extinguished.

The invention further consists in the combination, with the Water-reservoir and the feedpump, of a feed-pipe, whereby ajet of Water is forced into said reservoir at each stroke of the feed-pump 5 and, lastly, the invention consists in the combination, with of an adjustable waste or exhaust cock, Whereby the level of the water in said reservoir may be adjusted, and thereby the draft regulated,

' while the surplus water is automatically drawn off.

Having thus described the general nature of my invention, I will now describe the same in detail, referring to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure lis a longitudinal vertical section,

and Fig..2 a section on line x @o ot` Fig. l, of a A represents the boiler, or so much ot' the boiler as is necessary to illustrate my invention. B is the smoke-box, and the smokestack. The latter is hinged to or removably connected with a base-pipe, D, by means otl a hingejoint orjoints, d.

The pipe D is of greater diameter than the prolongation C of the sinoke-staclt,a11d forms an annular space, I), around said prolongation, for a purpose hereinafter described. The basepipe D is contracted at its upper end, d', to which the prolongation Cis rigidly connected, and above said contracted portion the basel pipe is provided with a seat or flange, dx, andl the hinge-knuckles or pin-bearings d2.

the Water-reservoir,

rihe stack C, at its lower end, is also provided with a flange, c, or seat, and hinge-knuckle c', and in thisV manner the stack C is removably connected with or hinged to the basepipe D.

The prolongation C of the stack projects downward to a point on a level with the arch of the smokebox, as shown in 'Figs 3 and 4, though I prefer to make it project slightly below the arch into the smoke-box, to afford a better bearing for the adjustable prolongation G2 of the stack C, as shown by Figs. 'I and 2. This prolongation G2 is tted loosely upon prolongation C', and when in" its normal position rests upon a' diaphragm, E, arranged trans` versely ofthe smoke-box B at a point below the boiler-fines a inY such manner as to form the passage or flue a, and, by the depending sides e of the diaphragm, the diving-tlues F F on opposite sides of the smoke-box.

Diaphragm E may be made iiat, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, or preferably of segmental shape, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. It is provided in either construction with acentral aperture, e', surrounded by, a flange or collar, @2, which serves as bearin g for the adjustable prolongation G2 of 4stack C. By means of this segmental shape of the diaphragm E, I obtain pockets e3, within which a large proportion of the heavier particles of the products of combustion are precipitated and retained.

'The arc described by the segment of the plate E is an are of the circumference of the boiler, or practically so, and forms practically a prolongation of the lower boiler-plates, provided with the passage a for the products of combustion.

The prolongation C2 ofthe smoke-stack C may be adjusted upon the prolongation G in any desired position by various mechanical devices, to any particular use of which I do not wish to limit myself, a-s such devices may be varied considerably and arevof the province of the skilled mechanic. For example, in Figs. 3 and 4, I have shown a system of toggle-levers, G, rigidly mounted upon a shaft, G', which has 'its bearings in the sides of the smoke-box. The arms g of said levers are pivoted to pins or trunnions c2, formed upon or attached to the lower end of the vertically-adjustable prolongation CZ, as shown. One end of the shaft Gr projects some distance outside of the .smoke-box, land carries a ratchet, g', with which engages a pawl, g2, pivoted upon the smoke-box.

By means of the hand-lever g3 upon 4the outer end of shaft G' the latter is rotated, and through the toggle-levers Gr the prolongation C2 is raised to any desired point, sliding upon prolongation C into the recess b, formed by said prolongation and the base-pipe D. The pawl g2, engaging with the ratchet g', serves to hold the pipe in any desired position.

In Figs. l and 2 I have showlr an arrangement of rack and pinion by means of which the same result may be obtained. A toothed rack, H, attached to prolongation CZ, is made to rise and fall with said prolongation by means ofthe pinion h, located within a housing or box attached to or formed upon the lower end of the base-pipeI). The shaft ofsaid pinion projects through the housing d3 and carries a hand-lever, g3, and said shaft and pinion, and with them the prolongation O2, may be lockedV into any desired position by means of a ratchet and pawl, as above described, or by means of a pin, It', passing through the base-pipe D and made to engage the teeth of the rack-bar H, as shown'. A similarI result m ay also be obtained by a system of chains and pulleys, as will bereadily understood. I have found that some such provision is necessary in order to enable me to establish a direct draft when starting the fires, because when the pipe (l2 is seated upon the plate E and the 'products of combustion are made to follow the devious route hereinafter described the draft is not sufficient to start the fires quickly and generate steam. As-the fire gains in intensity and steam is generated the prolongation G is gradually lowered to force the products of combustion to assume a downward course, thereby gradually diminishing the draft until sufficient steam has been made, when the prolongation G2 is lowered onto its seat upon diaphragm E, the prolongation C2 thus virtually serving as a damper.

I is a water-reservoir attached to the lower end of or formed by the lower end of the smokeboX B. It is of like diameter, but longer, and forming an open month, t', in front of the smokebox, as shown, in order to afford easy access thereto for the purpose ofremo vin g the heavier products of combustion precipitated therein. 'Io avoid a counter-draft through this open mouth fi, the front wall of the smoke-box B is prolonged suliiciently so that its lower edge will at all times be immersed in the water of the reservoir, as shown at b.

The reservoir I is divided longitudinally into five compartments by means of diaphragms KA K K K, either perforated at their base or so attached to the reservoir as to leave a passage, t', below each diaphragm for the free circulation of the'water throughout the compartments. These diaphragms are of varying heights, the former, K, being slightly higher than the latter, K.

The diaphragm E carries on its under side two zigzag diaphragms, c3, projecting downward into the compartments formed by the diaphragms K K', as do the depending sides c of the diaphragm E, which project into the compartments formed by diaphragms K and the side walls of the smoke-box. In thismanner a continuous zigzag passage is formed, through which the products of combustion are `made to pass before they reach the stack,

when prolongation C2 is seated upon diaphragm E.

The lower edges ofthe depending sides e of diaphragm E and of the zigzag diaphragms e2, as well as the upper edges of diaphragms K K', are bent outwardly, forming deecting edges, against which the products of combustion impinge, and by means of which the heavier particles-such as cinders, ashes, Stdare arrested and precipitated into the water below.

The reservoir I is automatically fed by means of a pipe, L, connected with the feed-pump M, in such manner that at each stroke of the pump a small jet of water is forced into the reservoir, the dow of which may, if desired, be regulated by a stop-cock, Z.

In view of economizing fuel by regulating IOO IIO

the draft independently of the adjusting of prolongation G2, and in conjunction with the diaphragm E, by means of the water in reservoir I, and in order to automatically draw off the surplus water, I use an adjustable waste cock or bib, N, of any usual or desired construction. The one shown in the drawings consists of a pipe, n, bent at its inner end,and rotated by means of a handle, 11/,within its stuffing-box. It is obvious that when the bent portion of the waste-cook is elevatedthe level of the water within the reservoir is correspondingly elevated, and thepassagefor the products of combustion between said water-level and the under side of diaphragm-E correspondingly contracted, and. vice versa, while any excess of water is automatically drawn off, no matter what position the waste-cock may be in. By these means I e'ect a considerable saving in fuel.

Having described my invention, what I l. In a steam-boiler, the hinged or removable smoke-stack C, in combination with the smoke-box, the base-pipe D, and the pipe-section C', the latter being arranged to form a continuation of said smoke-stack and an annular chamber orvrecess within said base-pipe, substantially as and for the purpose speciiied.

2. In a steam-boiler, the hinged or rem ova ble smokestack C, in combination with the smoke-box, the base-pipe D, the pipe-section G', and the pi pe-section G2, arranged to project within the smoke-box to a point below the l`boilerues, and to form with section C a continuation of said smoke-stack C, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with the smoke-stack and smoke-box, of a verticaL ly-adjustable pipe-section arranged to form a prolongation of said smoke-stack within the smokp-box, for the purpose of imparting a downward course to the products of combustion and for regulating the draft, as set forth.

4. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with the smoke-box having a base-pipe, D, the smoke-stack having a prolongation, C', arranged within said base-pipe to form an annular chamber, b, of the vertically-adjustable pipe-section C2, adapted to slide upon said section G and be withdrawn from the smoke box into the recess or chamber b, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

5. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with the smoke box and smoke-stack, the latter projecting into the former to a point below the boiler-fines, of a diaphragm, E, arranged to form the diving-dues F, for lthe purpose of conducting the products of combustion below said diaphragm previous to their reaching the smoke-stack, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with the smoke-box, the base-pipe D, stack C, prolongation C', and the diaphragm E, of the vertically-adjustable prolongation G2 of said stack, whereby the products of combustion may be conducted below said diaphragm to the stack, or directly to the latter, and the ldraft regulated, substantially as described,

for the purpose specified.

7. In. a steam-boiler, the combination, with the smoke-box and the smoke-stack having an adjustable prolongation, C2, arranged as described,` of a segmental diaphragm, E, arranged to form the pockets c3 and the diving, fines F, substantially as and for the purpose specied.

8. -The combination, in a steam-boiler, of the smoke-box B, the smoke-stack CG C2, and the diaphragm E, of a water-reservoir, I, all arranged in relation to each other substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In a steam-boiler, the smoke-box provided with a diaphragm below the level of the boiler-dues and a water-reservoir located below said diaphragm, in combination with means, substantially as described, for regulating the draft by varying the level of the water within the reservoir to enlarge or contract the space between said water-level and the diaphragm, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

10. In a steamboiler, the combination, with the smoke-box B, smoke-stack C G O2, and the diaphragmi` E, of the reservoir I and its diaphragms K K K' K', all arranged and opT erating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

l1. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with the smoke-box B, smoke-stack C C' G2, the diaphragm E, arranged to form the diving-dues F and the smoke-passage a', and the diaphragms e4, of the reservoir I and its diaphragms K K K K, all arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

12. In a steam-boiler, the combination, with IOO the. smoke-box and the prolongation C2 of the f smoke-stack, the diaphragm E, having depending sides e, the lower edges of which are bent outwardly, and the zigzag depending diaphragme e4, having their lower edges similarly bent, of -the reservoir I and the diaphragms K K K K', of varying height, and having their upper edges bent outwardly, all arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

13. In a steam-boiler and spark-arrester, the combination of the smoke-box B, the smoke-stack C @"CZ, projecting within the IIO smoke-box to a point below the boiler-dues,

and the diaphragm E, located below said smoke-stack, with thewater-reservoir I in the bottom of the smoke-box, and an adjustable waste cock or bib for the purpose of regulating the draft by varying the level of the water in said reservoir, substantially as described.

14. The combination, with the smoke-box B, having its front wall prolonged, as described, of the water-reservoir I, projecting in front of said smoke-box and being open at top, substantially as described, for the purposes specified.

15. In a steam-boiler and spark-arrester provided with a Water-rcservoir located at the bottom of the smoke-box7 the combination of devices, substantially as described, for automatically supplying said reservoir with Water and automatically exhausting the excess or surplus Water when brought to the desired level,

arranged to operate in relation to each other in the manner and for the purpose specified.

In Witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto s'et my hand this 16th day of April, 1879.

ALEXR. DELANEY.

Witnesses THOMAS M. SAUNDE ns, W. S. DAsHIELL.