US2239423A - Iron-glass seal having nickel-iron contact prongs - Google Patents

Iron-glass seal having nickel-iron contact prongs Download PDF

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Publication number
US2239423A
US2239423A US266603A US26660339A US2239423A US 2239423 A US2239423 A US 2239423A US 266603 A US266603 A US 266603A US 26660339 A US26660339 A US 26660339A US 2239423 A US2239423 A US 2239423A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
iron
conductors
glass
header
nickel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US266603A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Albert W Hull
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US266569A priority Critical patent/US2220741A/en
Priority to US266603A priority patent/US2239423A/en
Priority to US266604A priority patent/US2272747A/en
Priority claimed from US318061A external-priority patent/US2254726A/en
Priority to FR864657D priority patent/FR864657A/fr
Priority to GB6189/40A priority patent/GB535990A/en
Priority to CH238969D priority patent/CH238969A/de
Priority to NL97552A priority patent/NL58136C/xx
Priority to US362263A priority patent/US2254727A/en
Priority to FR51400D priority patent/FR51400E/fr
Priority to GB2393/41A priority patent/GB546543A/en
Publication of US2239423A publication Critical patent/US2239423A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C29/00—Joining metals with the aid of glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/02—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing by fusing glass directly to metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/102—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing lead
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/102—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing lead
    • C03C3/108—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing lead containing boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/11—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen
    • C03C3/112—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/11—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen
    • C03C3/112—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine
    • C03C3/115—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine containing boron
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/42—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies
    • H01J19/50—Spacing members extending to the envelope
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/32—Seals for leading-in conductors
    • H01J5/40—End-disc seals, e.g. flat header
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J7/00—Details not provided for in the preceding groups and common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J7/14—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01J7/18—Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering
    • H01J7/186—Getter supports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0002—Construction arrangements of electrode systems
    • H01J2893/0005—Fixing of electrodes
    • H01J2893/0008—Supply leads; Electrode supports via rigid connection to vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0033—Vacuum connection techniques applicable to discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0034—Lamp bases
    • H01J2893/0035—Lamp bases shaped as flat plates, in particular metallic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S228/00—Metal fusion bonding
    • Y10S228/902—Metal fusion bonding using flame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S228/00—Metal fusion bonding
    • Y10S228/903—Metal to nonmetal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in lead-in arrangements, and while not limited thereto, is especially applicable in connection with metal enclosed vacuum tubes.
  • the envelope structure be constituted in so far as possible of iron or, more specifically, of a commercial grade of steel.
  • the entire wall structure of the tube consists of iron, difliculty is encountered in the formation of satisfactory seals for the lead-in conductors.
  • glass used as the sealingin material it is an important requirement that the glass employed be matched to the expansion characteristics of the envelope material and that the lead-in conductors themselves be equally well matched to the glass.
  • this dlfliculty is overcome by forming the header of a commercial grade of iron or steel and the leadin conductors of an alloy comprising from '70 to 80 per cent-nickel with remainder iron.
  • Such alloys are highly resistant to oxidation so that contact surfaces which embody them tend to remain clean for normal conditions of use.
  • their expansion characteristics substantially match those of iron so that a glass which seals to one will also seal to the other.
  • Fig. 1 shows a vacuum tube suitably embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view of the tube of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary detail of one of the lead-in seals used in the tube.
  • a metal vacuum tube comprising an elongated metal cylinder l which is closed at both ends.
  • the envelope encloses appropriate electrode structure of which only the lead conductors H are illustrated.
  • the lower end of the envelope is closed by means of a circular headerl3 which is peripherally joined to the cylinder ID, for example, by soldering, and through which the leadin conductors i2 project.
  • the header is provided centrally with a projecting tubulation I l which serves as a guide pin for assisting the location of the tube in an appropriate socket.
  • the plan view given in Fig. 2 shows the relative arrangement of the tubulation i4 and the lead-in conductors l2.
  • the contact pins or prongs are illustrated as passing through insulating socket plates 45 and it which are adapted to support appropriate terminals.
  • One such terminal is shown at i8 as comprising a metallic part shaped to engage its associated contact pin in good electrical contact.
  • each seal includes a shallow depression formed in the header by means of deformation of the metal thereof.
  • the shape of the depression is such that it includes a peripheral wall portion is which extends transversely to the principal plane of the header and a flattened floor portion 20 which is parallel to the plane of the header.
  • the lead-in conductor i2 is sealed in a body of fusible vitreous material 22 and by means of this material is supported within an opening 2
  • the fusible material includes a portion which substantially fills the depression formed in the header i3 and a further portion in the form of a rounded mound adhering to the header on the side opposite the depression.
  • both the envelope cylinder l0 and the header H are constituted of iron.
  • iron I mean to designate low carbon steels generally such, for example, as cold rolled steel or deep drawing steel.
  • the vitreous material 22 comprise a substance which substantially matches the expansion characteristics of iron.
  • a preferred glass within the foregoing classification comprises about 45% S102, about 12% mo; about 6% NazO, about 32% PbO and about 5% CaFz. This glass has expansion characteristics which enable it to be sealed readily to iron and it is furthermore characterized by high resistance to heat shock and to chemical attack.
  • the lead-in conductors I! are also constituted of iron, they may be expected to seal to a glass of the character described above as satisfactorily as does the header itself.
  • the externally projecting portions of the lead-in conductors serve also as contact pins, it is desirable that they be constituted of a material less readily oxidizable than iron. In accordance with my present invention this result may be obtained without impairing the perfection of the seal by utilizing for the lead-in conductors an alloy containing from 70 to 80 per -cent nickel with remainder iron. Alloys of this classification are highly resistant to oxidization or other chemical attack, but are nevertheless well adapted to sealing with the glasses which seal to iron: A particular alloy with which I have obtained especially satisfactory results is that comprising 78% nickel and 22% iron.
  • An electrical discharge device comprising electrode structure, an elongated cylindrical envelope enclosing the electrode structure, a circular header constituted wholly of low carbon steel closing one end of the envelope and having a plurality of openings therein, the openings being respectively sealed by bodies of a glass which has substantially the expansion characteristics of the header material throughout the range of temperatures normally encountered in the operation of the device and which is fused directly to the header, and rigid lead-in conductors for the electrode structure respectively sealed through the various bodiesof glass, the said conductors being constituted of an alloy of from to per cent nickel with remainder iron, whereby the expansion characterstics of the conductors are matched to those of the said glass and the header material and the externally projecting portions of the conductors are suillciently non-oxidizable to serve satisfactorily as contact prongsfor engagement with socket terminals.
  • a vacuum tube comprising electrode structure, an elongated cylindrical metal envelope surrounding the electrode structure, a circular header of low carbon steel closing one end of the envelope and provided with a plurality of openings therein, the openings being respectively closed by bodies of a glass which has substantially the expansion characteristics of the header material throughout the range of temperatures normally encountered'in the operation of the device and which .is sealed directly to the header, and rigid lead-in conductors for the electrode structure sealed through the various bodies of glass, the said conductors being constituted of an alloy of approximately '78 per cent nickel and 22 per cent iron, whereby the expansion characteristics of the conductors match those of the glass and header material and the externaily projecting portions of the conductors are sufliciently non-oxidizable to serve satisfactorily as contact prongs.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
US266603A 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Iron-glass seal having nickel-iron contact prongs Expired - Lifetime US2239423A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US266569A US2220741A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Seal for lead-in conductors
US266603A US2239423A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Iron-glass seal having nickel-iron contact prongs
US266604A US2272747A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Glass to metal seal
FR864657D FR864657A (fr) 1939-04-07 1940-04-05 Perfectionnements aux tubes à décharge
GB6189/40A GB535990A (en) 1939-04-07 1940-04-05 Improvements in and relating to methods of sealing an electric conductor through a metal wall
NL97552A NL58136C (enrdf_load_html_response) 1939-04-07 1940-04-06
CH238969D CH238969A (de) 1939-04-07 1940-04-06 Aus Eisen und angeschmolzenem Glas bestehender Körper.
US362263A US2254727A (en) 1939-04-07 1940-10-22 Discharge device
FR51400D FR51400E (fr) 1939-04-07 1941-02-08 Perfectionnements aux tubes à décharge
GB2393/41A GB546543A (en) 1939-04-07 1941-02-21 Improvements relating to vacuum electric discharge devices

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US266569A US2220741A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Seal for lead-in conductors
US266603A US2239423A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Iron-glass seal having nickel-iron contact prongs
US266604A US2272747A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Glass to metal seal
US318061A US2254726A (en) 1939-04-07 1940-02-09 Discharge device
US362263A US2254727A (en) 1939-04-07 1940-10-22 Discharge device
GB2393/41A GB546543A (en) 1939-04-07 1941-02-21 Improvements relating to vacuum electric discharge devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2239423A true US2239423A (en) 1941-04-22

Family

ID=33102585

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US266603A Expired - Lifetime US2239423A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Iron-glass seal having nickel-iron contact prongs
US266604A Expired - Lifetime US2272747A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Glass to metal seal
US266569A Expired - Lifetime US2220741A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Seal for lead-in conductors
US362263A Expired - Lifetime US2254727A (en) 1939-04-07 1940-10-22 Discharge device

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US266604A Expired - Lifetime US2272747A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Glass to metal seal
US266569A Expired - Lifetime US2220741A (en) 1939-04-07 1939-04-07 Seal for lead-in conductors
US362263A Expired - Lifetime US2254727A (en) 1939-04-07 1940-10-22 Discharge device

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (4) US2239423A (enrdf_load_html_response)
CH (1) CH238969A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (2) FR864657A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (2) GB535990A (enrdf_load_html_response)
NL (1) NL58136C (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2471079A (en) * 1947-08-28 1949-05-24 Carpenter Steel Co Glass sealing alloy
US2509709A (en) * 1946-10-05 1950-05-30 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Contact pin for electric discharge tubes
US2841737A (en) * 1951-04-23 1958-07-01 Philips Corp Electric discharge tube

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2452083A (en) * 1943-01-08 1948-10-26 Grotenhuis Theodore A Te Method of reinforcing organic-polysulfide rubbery material with carbon black
US2504842A (en) * 1943-04-07 1950-04-18 Western Electric Co Glassworking apparatus
US2473851A (en) * 1943-08-06 1949-06-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Backstop for electromagnetic devices
US2421984A (en) * 1944-04-25 1947-06-10 Rca Corp Material for gettering electron discharge devices
US2638660A (en) * 1945-04-03 1953-05-19 Philips Lab Inc Electrical insulator
BE471581A (enrdf_load_html_response) * 1946-04-06
US2527884A (en) * 1949-01-29 1950-10-31 Cutler Hammer Inc Vitreous compositions and methods of making the same
US2678346A (en) * 1949-11-12 1954-05-11 Itt Electrical terminal
US2822498A (en) * 1954-04-19 1958-02-04 Sylvania Electric Prod Tube construction for automatic production
US2957237A (en) * 1955-01-13 1960-10-25 Welding Research Inc Method of making a brazed riveted connection
US3014447A (en) * 1956-06-08 1961-12-26 Sylvania Electric Prod Soldering machine and method
US3240861A (en) * 1961-05-01 1966-03-15 Gen Electric Panel lamp seal
DE1249466B (enrdf_load_html_response) * 1963-10-29 1900-01-01
US3959860A (en) * 1974-12-20 1976-06-01 General Electric Company Method of making non-shorting photoflash lamp
US4421266A (en) * 1981-07-29 1983-12-20 Western Electric Company, Inc. Handling bodies containing bonding material
US4874339A (en) * 1985-08-09 1989-10-17 Saes Getters S.P.A. Pumping tubulation getter
GB9025116D0 (en) * 1990-11-19 1991-01-02 Wilson Peter Adjustable dual nozzle

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2509709A (en) * 1946-10-05 1950-05-30 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Contact pin for electric discharge tubes
US2471079A (en) * 1947-08-28 1949-05-24 Carpenter Steel Co Glass sealing alloy
US2841737A (en) * 1951-04-23 1958-07-01 Philips Corp Electric discharge tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL58136C (enrdf_load_html_response) 1946-08-15
US2272747A (en) 1942-02-10
FR51400E (fr) 1942-06-09
GB535990A (en) 1941-04-29
CH238969A (de) 1945-09-15
FR864657A (fr) 1941-05-10
GB546543A (en) 1942-07-17
US2220741A (en) 1940-11-05
US2254727A (en) 1941-09-02

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