US2227939A - Roofing clip - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 7, 1941. B. c. KRIDLER ROOFING CLIP Filed May 31, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 m R T M S El 6M Mm )D 3 L om mm KR K C.. W mm Rm EH BP Y B B. C. KRIDLER ROOFING CLIP Jan. 7, 1941.

Filed May 31, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 BERNIE c. KRIDLER, DECEASED BY PHILIP W. KRI DLER,ADM|N|5TRAT0R Patented Jan. 7, 1941 ROOFING CLIP Bernie 0. Kridler, deceased, late of Flint, Mich,

by Philip W. Kridler, administrator, Flint,

Mich.

Application May 31, 1938, Serial No. 211,072

1 Claim.

The object of this invention is to provide a novel or improved method of applying flexible roofing, such as asphalt roofing or roofing of any semirigid or non-rigid materials either in what is 5 known to the trade as roll roofing, hexagonal shingles, individual shingles, Dutch lap shingles, or any design or type of such material-having two or more lower edges in alignment, or where it is possible to insert a section to bring about a plul rality of sections so that a plurality of sections will meet at their lower edges, or where aplurality of sections may meet or overlap at the side edges and to provide a novel method of interlocking such roofing sections.

l It is also an object by novel means to provide a novel clip for use in applying to the alined edges of overlapped roofing sections or shingles, whereby to permit expansion and contraction of the roofing sections or shingles due to temperature 20 changes. It is also an object to lay the various materials as above described so that nail heads which secure the above described materials to the roof deck are not exposed.

The means by which this method or process of 25 interlocking flexible roofing sections or shingles is carried out is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of a section of roofing showing the method of interlocking the roofing 30 sections;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one form of roofing clip patented in Patent 2,100,254;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a modified clip having the prong l0 omitted;

5 Fig. 4 is a perspective view of another form of the clip Fig. 5 is the detail of another plan of laying roofing sections:

Fig. 6 is a section through the roofing on line 40 6-8 of Fig. 1;

Fig. l is a section through the roofing on line 1-i of Fig. 5.

Like characters of reference designate like parts in each of the several views.

45 It is to overcome the difiiculties resulting from expansion and contraction by both the roofing deck and the roofing material that this method of applying roofing has been devised, and consists of the following steps:

50 First, a section of roofing material is laid as at 2 and secured to the roof by suitable roofing nails 3, as shown in Fig. 1. As illustrated in Figs. 6 and '7, the roof boards are designated RB, the rafters R,

55 and the strips or sections of roofing material as 4.

When the roof is laid from left to right, a nail is driven in the upper left hand corner and in the lower right hand corner of each of the roofing shingles or sections. In laying the first course an initial roofing section or starting strip S is laid 5 at the lower left hand comer of the roof and fastened over the strip 2. At the lower left hand corner no nail is used but the shingle is held to the'underlying roofing strip 2 by the clip 6. This clip engaging around both the underlying strip 2 10 and the overlying shingle 4 It will be noted that nails are applied only to opposite diagonal corners of the roofing as described, and that the nail heads which secure the material to the roof deck are not exposed, as they are covered by the succeeding section or layer of roofing.

The second roofing section in the first course is laid in a side-lapped relation over the first roofing section and nailed at the upper left hand comer and the lower right hand corner etc. This method of laying flexible roofing is utilized for the purpose of holding a plurality of roofing sections, strips or shingles in overlapped or overlying relation while at the same time permitting of expansion and contraction of such shingles due to temperature changes.

A clip 6b is inserted to engage around the lower left hand comer portion of the underlying shingle, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 5. Similarly clips 6 are applied to engage around the overlying and underlying portions of shingles in successive courses at the lower left hand edge corner of the overlying shingle, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5.

Nails are applied only to opposite diagonal corners of the roofing in the upper left hand and lower right hand corners of the sections so that the nail heads which secure the materials to the roof deck are notexposed as they are covered by the succeeding section of roofing, as above described.

Next, on the bottom edges of the first and sec- 4 0nd roofing sections in the center of the side lap designated A in Fig. 1, there is inserted the lower leg or prong of either one of the roofing clips, illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 of the drawings, and the clip is pushed up as far as it will go, still including in its grip both the overlaying and underlying sections. The exposed end of the clip is then struck with a hammer; or the clip may be applied to the overlapped roofing sections by means of a specially constructed tool designed for the purpose of applying the clip.

If the type of clip shown inFig. 2 is used the prong ill will be driven into the topmost or overlaying section or shingle but not through that section or shingle, as the length of the prong is not suflic'ient for it to penetrate the adjacent underlying roofing shingle or section.

In the case of the form of invention shown in Fig. 3, the prong II will engage the under surface of the underlying roofing shingle or section.

In the form of the clip shown in Figs. 4 and '7, the lower leg 1 extends into the pressure area designated PA in Figs. 6 and '7 and immediately adjacent the roofing nail 5.- The laying of the roofing sections with a side lap is continued on the first course until the opposite edge of the roof is reached.

The second course,\ as shown in 'Fig. 1, is begun with a roofing section B, narrower than the initial roofing section S of the first course by a distance equivalent to the length of the over-lap A. The roofingsections or shingles of the second course also have a head lap over the first course of roofing sections, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1. The next shingle of the second course is laid in longitudinal alignment with the first roofing section of the second course, and with a side lap over that roofing section and an approximately similar head lap underlaying roofing section of the first course. The laying of the second course is then proceeded with, each roofing section being disposed in a position partly overlaying the adjacent sides and upper portions of the first course as indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The clips are then appliedas described in connection with the first course, and as shown.

The third course is started with a still narrower roofing section C; and succeeding roofing sections of that course are laid with a side lap over each adjacent roofing section at the left and with a head lap over each adjacent shingle of the course preceding. I

The fourth course is started with a still narrower shingle D; and succeeding roofing sections of that course are laid with a side lap on adjacent shingles and with a head lap over the shingles of the course below, and the clips are then applied as previously described.

The fifth course is started with a narrower shingle E; and succeeding roofing sections are successively overlapped with a side lap as heretofore described and with a head lap over adjacent shingles of the course below.

The sixth course is started with a full size shingle again, as used in the first course; and the succeeding roofing sections are laid with aside lap over adjacent shingles and with a head lap over shingles of the course below in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

While the length of the head lap and side lap may be varied as described, the usual and preferred distance is approximately 2 inches head lap and approximately 3 inches side lap.

If the roof is laid from right to left instead of from left to right as above described, the nails should be driven in the upper right hand corner and the lower left hand corner of the individual roofing section used as a starter; and succeeding roofing sections will be overlapped with a suitable side lap and then engaged by a clip, and succeeding courses would be laid with both a side lap and head lap and secured by a clip in a manner similar to that above described but moving across the roof from right to left instead of from left to right.

Referring in detail to the form of clip shown in Fig. 2, it has a relatively long lowervleg 1, an upstanding portion or shoulder 8, an upwardly slanting upper leg 9, and a down-turned prong Hi. This prong is adapted to project into but not to pass through the overlaying roofing section or shingle.

of the upper leg 9 slightly upturned to facilitate engaging the clip over two layers of the sections. I may provide a prong II I on the lower leg I to engage the underlying section only.

In the modified form of clip illustrated in Fig. 4, the lower leg 1 is not pointed as in the form shown in Fig. 2, and the upper leg 8 has a slightly upturned squared end I2, the prong Ill being omitted. Also the lower leg I does not have any prong such as in the form shown in Fig. 3 but depends on the frictional engagement resulting from its being driven into the pressure area designated PA in the drawings, immediately about the nail as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7.

Generally, the lower leg 1 of the clip will be approximately three-fourths of an inch long. The dimensions of the shoulder 8 will be such as are required to enfold two sections of material or roofing section upon which it is used; the overlapping leg 9 with the upturned leg l2 will be approximately five-eighths of an inch.

Asphalt roofing material sections are 'manufactured generally in three thicknesses, these three thicknesses being generally standard with all manufacturers, the general trade names being standard weight, giant weight, and extra heavy. Both the shoulder of the clip shown in Fig. 2 and the modified clip shown in Figs. 3 and 4 are designed to enfold the varying thicknesses of materials of overlapped sections, strips or shingles.

Both the head lap and the side lap can be in-- creased to a point where the entire roof will be of double thickness. Due to the fact that the clip does not require to be spaced in a certain position or to meet punched holes in the material, these variations in the head lap and side lap may be of any width desired.

The method of application is flexible. The shingles may be laid in straight lines directly across the roof, or laid diagonally. The clips may be put in as the laying of the various sections is proceeded with or held and inserted after the root is entirely laid.

Neither of the clips shown depends upon a driven member through an aperture in the clip, through which a nail may be driven, neither do they depend upon 9. prong as part of the lower leg, to be driven down into the roof structure.

In using the clips to engage overlapping shingles, expansion and contraction of the asphalt shingles, due to changes in temperature conditions, is permitted and buckling of the shingles is prevented. Nor do the clips detract in any way from the appearance of the roof.

In this method the nail is not required to be driven at an exact predetermined spot but merely in a position where the roofer would know just about where it is when covered up with the overlaying shingle. This nail being driven down into the roof board RB, through two thicknesses of material, creates a pressure on the middle sheet, and this pressure extends in an area considerably greater than the nail itself; possibly an area of pressure an inch in diameter. The lower leg of the clip 6b rests between the middle and bottom section of roofing, as the nail has already been driven, and as the pressure is there, it is necessary to drive the clip into place with a hammer blow. In driving it into place, it meets the resistance of the nail head pressure and is held firmly in place. Even if the clip did not have a point on it, it would not fall out and in addition to the pressure holding, there is the stickly asphalt of the bottom of the middle shingle which quickly grips the lower leg of the clip and also prevents its dislodgement.

In the prior art the lower leg has some sort of a driving point to go into the roof boards or else the nail is driven through the clip itself. In the modified form of clip, as shown in Fig. 4, the piercing point I is eliminated. The top leg 9 comes closer to the top of the overlaying shingle, but with a slight upturned end l2 on the upper leg where the point now is, so that it would slip over the roofing easily. Such a clip would have to be driven into place but the top leg would not have to be hammered down.

The clip shown in Fig. 2 is made out of fairly soft material, but if it becomes desirable to manufacture this modified form shown in Fig. 4, it will be made out of a hard material that will stand to be driven into the pressure area caused by the nail head. This modified form of clip as shown in Fig. 4 can be used at any time the same as his present clip shown in Fig. 2, for repair work as well as new work. It is a simple matter for the roofer to raise the overlaying sections and see where the nail head is. This modification requires the combination of overlying roofing sections, a driven nail independent of the clip, a clip with a lower leg depending upon the nail head pressure to hold it in place.

It is not believed that anyone heretofore has taken into consideration the nail head pressure area to hold the clip in place, it having always been the case that the clip was held in place by some'part of itself. In the modified form the clip shown in Fig. 4 may be made of springy or nonspringy material. If it were springy material it would cling more firmly to the overlaying section, but would be a little more difllcult to handle, as, particularly in the summer season when asphalt material was soft, there would be a tendency to push up the overlaying section when inserting the clip. Asphalt materials are made in standard thicknesses, and if a hard, non-springy material was used, the shoulder would be made to the exact thickness of the material on which this particular type would be used.

The modified clip shown in Fig. 4 may be driven into place just after the nail has been driven and this would simplify the alignment on the next course, as the lower edge of the shingle would simply be dropped into the clip. This would also do away with penetrating or piercing the overlaying shingle and would do away with the final operation of hammering the upper leg down so as to have the point hold. I

In the modified form of clip shown in Fig. 3, the lower leg has one or more slight burrs l I, making it easy to drive in but the burrs catching in the event of an outward pull.

What is claimed is:

As a new article of manufacture, a substantially U-shaped clip comprising an upper leg having a slight upward bend near its free end to facilitate applying the clip, a lower leg of greater length than the upper leg, a shoulder connecting said legs, said clip being of sufflcient size to frictionally engage the lower surface of an underlying section and the upper surface of overlying sections to permit the lower leg to be inserted under and the upper leg to be inserted over the overlapping portions of two roofing sections, the lower leg of said clip having a single prong pointed toward the shoulder and positioned to engage the under surface of the roofing section under which it is inserted.

- PHILIP W. KRIDLER, Administrator of the Estate of Bernie C. Kn'dler,

Deceased.

Images