US2227923A - Oil-burning cook stove - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 7, 194 1. J. L. BREESE ET AL OIL-BURNING COOK STOVE Filed July 19, 1939 Erna e flayzef Patented Jan. 7, 1941 OIL-BURNING COOK STOVE James L. Breese and Bruce Hayter, Santa Fe, N. Mex, asslgnors to Oil Devices, Santa Fe, N. Mex, a limited partnership of Illinois Application July 19, 1939, Serial No. 285,286

5 Claims.

Our invention relates to an improvement in cooking stoves or ranges and has for one purpose the provision of a cooking stove or range in which an oil burning unit is embodied.

Another purpose is the provision of a range in which the heat from an oil burner may selectively be concentrated adjacent a top cooking surface or adjacent the bottom of an oven.

Another purpose is the provision of improved bafiiing or guiding means for surrounding an oven with the heated products of combustion and, particularly, for heating the bottom of the oven when desired. 4

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course of the specification and claims.

We illustrate our invention more or less diagrammaticaly in the accompanying drawing wherein:

Fig. l is a vertical longitudinal section;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a partial view similar to Fig. l illustrating the employment of additional bafiling means; and

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specification and drawing.

Referring to the drawing, we illustrate a stove or range .having a top plate I, which may be of fairly thick and heat retaining metal. We illustrate it as having a front wall 2 and a rear wall 3, and end walls 4, 5. The bottom plate 6 is indicated above the lower edges of the walls. The front and rear walls may, if desired, be cut away as at 'I to give access to the space beneath the plate 6 for cleaning and the like.

Extending downwardly from the plate 6, we illustrate a partition 8, at one end thereof, and an additional top plate or plate section 9, which may, if desired be a continuation of the plate 6, which is provided with an aperture I0, aligned with the pot type burner II, the details of which do not form part of the present invention. It will be understood, however, that it may include a drum I2, provided with a plurality of air inlet apertures I3, a bottom I4 and any suitable fuel line I5 extending to asource of liquid fuel, not herein shown.

Positioned in the space between the bottom plate 6 and the top plate I, we illustrate an oven having bottom and top walls I6, I'I, end walls I8, I9 and a rear wall 20. Any suitable closure or door 2| may be provided for the sixth side of the oven. It will be clear from the drawing that all sides of the oven may be exposed to the heated products of combustion from the burner II except the side in which is positioned the closure or door 2|.

At the rear of the range structure and adjacent the end of the oven opposite to the burner II, we provide a junction box 25 in communication with the aperture 26 in the rear wall 3, and extending from av level adjacent the bottom of the oven to a level above the top and at or just below the level of the top plate I. 21 indicates any suitable flue. As is shown in Fig. l, the aperture 26 is generally aligned with the oven itself, and a second aperture 28 is located just beneath the plate I. 15

Any suitable control board or removable damper structure 29 may be employed, located in the junction box 25, between the apertures 26 and 28. This damper may be pivoted as at 30 and may be provided with any suitable outside con- 20 trolling handle 3|. It may be moved selectively from the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2 to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 6.

It will be understood, also, that the damper 29 may be set at any desired intermediate position. 25

The top wall ll of the oven extends to the rear wall 3 of the stove, as at Ila. Positioned be- 7 neath said extension, and preferably in alignment with the wall I8 of the oven, adjacent the fire pot II, is a baille plate 33, the purpose of 30 which will later appear.

If desired, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, an additional baflie 35 may be employed, the purpose of which will later appear.

It will be realized that whereas we have de- 35 scribed and illustrated a practical and operative device, nevertheless many changes may be made in the size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spirit of our invention. We therefore wish our description 40 and drawing to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic, rather than as limiting us to our precise showing.

The use and operation of our invention are as follows:

A cooking range for oil burning presents problems and possibilities not present in units made for coal, gas or electricity. An oil burning range has to be nearer in design to the coal or wood. range, but since there is no need for grates or 0 special firebox construction, the travel of the hot gases can be altered and controlled to bring about more desirable heating effects.

In ordinary cooking practice, as when coal or wood is employed, it is dimcult to obtain proper 55 heat transfer to the bottom of the oven, due to the fact that the hot gases have to be led over the top oi! the oven and down the sides or the oven. The gases get progressively cooler, and the oven bottom receives little heat.

In accordance with our invention we provide means for directing an almost full flow of the heated gases of combustion across the bottom of the oven. Referring for example to Figs. 1 and 2, when the damper 29 is in the full line position, the device is primarily adaptable for heating, not the oven, but the top plate I, and the primary flow of heated gases is upwardly across one end of the oven and then longitudinally along the top of the oven and beneath the plate I, and thus out through the aperture 28 over the damper 29 and outwardly through the flue 21. However, when so set, practically no hot gases will flow beneath and across the back of the oven. Most of the heat available from the flame will go to heat the top surface of the plate I, which is the condition most desired for cooking. The baflle plate 33 functions to direct heated gases upwardly towards the top plate I.

In Fig. 6, on the contrary, the damper 29 is shown as moved to close the aperture 28. The aperture 26 is then effective. There is now no free upper passage to the smoke-pipe, and the hot gases have to go through the lower passage 26. The greater proportion of gases will be drawn below and around the back of the oven and only a small portion will go over the top of the oven.

The damper can, of course, be placed in a variety of intermediate positions between the open and the shut adjustment, and thus the distribution of heat to the oven and to the top cooking surface may be varied as desired.

It will be understood that many variations in the size and specific location of the apertures 26 and 28 may be made, and in the location and dimensions of the junction box 25, the flue 21, the bafile plate 33, and so forth. However, we provide an oven that has gas passages around all sides except the front where the door 2| is located. In our oven the full gas travel is split, part going beneath the oven, part over the oven, and part behind the oven. All the gas streams meet at a common opening into the flue or smokepipe breaching. We thus provide a parallel flow of gases rather than the ordinarily used series flow. We also obtain the relative absence of a revertible flow of hot gases around the oven, with the subsequent, consequent high draft loss. With the opening 26 low down, there will be a somewhat revertible flow of the gases coming over the top of the oven, below the top of the cooking surface, but this is precisely what is needed, for this path of gas has to be hindered as much as possible when only the use of the oven is desired.

Under some circumstances we may even flnd it desirable to incorporate the bafile 35 of Figs. 5 and 6 to stop too much gas from coming over the top. However, we may employ a single damper so arranged in connection with a double opening smokehood breaching that, in the upper position, it closes the upper aperture 28, and in the lower or down position, it opens the upper aperture 28, and in effect closes or makes inoperative the lower aperture 26.

We claim:

1. In a cooking range, an outer housing including a top cooking plate, an oven located within said housing and separated therefrom on five sides by flue passages, a pot type liquid bydrocarbon burner located at the bottom of an end flue passage, the top of said pot being located at the general level of the flue passage beneath the bottom of the oven, an exhaust flue in communication with the end flue passage opposite to that with which said pot is associated, said exhaust flue having an upper and a lower connection with said end flue, the upper one being located at the general level of the space between the top of the oven and the cook- 'ing plate, the lower one being located at a substantially lower level, and means for rendering said connections alternately and selectively operative.

2. In a cooking range, an outer housing including a top cooking plate, an oven located within said housing and separated therefrom on five sides by flue passages, a pot type liquid hydrocarbon burner located at the bottom of an end flue passage, the top of said pot being located at the general level of the flue passage beneath the bottom of the oven, a junction box adjacent the end flue passage opposite to that with which said pot is associated, an exhaust flue extending from said junction box, said junction box having an upper aperture in line with the space between the top of the oven and the cooking plate, and a lower aperture located at a substantially lower level, and means for rendering said apertures alternately and selectively operative.

3. In a cooking range, an outer housing including a top cooking plate, an oven located within said housing and separated therefrom on flve sides by flue passages, a pot type liquid hydrocarbon burner located at the bottom of an end flue passage, the top of said pot being located at the general level of the flue passage beneath the bottom of the oven, an exhaust flue in communication with the space between the outer housing and the oven and located at the opposite end of the stove from the pot, said exhaust flue having an upper and lower connection with the space between the oven and the outer housing, the upper one being located at the general level of the space between the top of the oven and the cooking plate, the lower one being located at a substantially lower level, and means for rendering said top connection inoperative.

4. In a cooking range, an outer housing including a top cooking plate, an oven located within said housing and below said plate and separated from said plate and from said housing on five sides by flue passages, a pot type liquid hydrocarbon burner located at the bottom of an end flue passage and adjacent a lower portion of the oven, the top of said pot being located at the general level of the flue passage, beneath the bottom of the oven, said end flue passage extending for substantially the entire width of an end of the stove and oven, an exhaust flue in communication with the opposite end flue passage, said exhaust flue having upper and lower connections with said end flue, the upper connection being located at the general level of the space between the top of the oven and the cooking plate, the lower one being located at a substantially lower level, and means for rendering said connections alternately and selectively operative.

5. In a cooking range, an outer housing including a top cooking plate, an oven located within said housing and below said plate and separated from said plate and from said housing on flve sides by flue passages; a pot type liquid hydrocarbon burner located at the bottom of an end flue passage and adjacent a lower portion of the oven, the top of said pot being.

located at the general level of the flue passage, beneath the bottom of the oven, said end flue passage extending for substantially the entire width of an end of the stove and oven, an exhaust flue in communication with the opposite end flue passage, said exhaust flue having upper and lower connections with said end flue, the upper connection being located at the general level of the space between the top of the .oven and the cooking plate, the lower one being located at a substantially lower level, and means for rendering said connections alternately and selectively operative, said exhaust flue connection including a connecting box on a wall of the stove at the end of the stove opposite the burner,

' said box being connected with the space between the outer housing and the oven by apertures located one adjacent the top of the stove and the other substantially below the top of the oven, the exhaust flue being connected to an upper portion of said box, and valve means in said box adapted when in one position to render the upper aperture inoperative, and adapted when in another position to render the lower aperture inoperative.

JAMES L. BREESE. BRUCE HAYTER.

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