US1885542A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 1, 1932. F; LNA 1,885,542

OIL BURNER Filed March 3, 1931 Patented Nov. 1, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE ALONSO, or MEXICO, ivrnxrco OIL BURNER Application filed March 3, 1931, Serial No. 519,863, and in Mexico May 13, 1930.

v The invention relates to a burner for gas oil, crude oil and other hydrocarbons and derivatives of hydrocarbons, in which the combustible flows into a pan-shaped; receptacle and is vaporized or gasified by the heated wallsthereof. The burner is adapted for use with any kind-of heating apparatus, such as stoves, water heaters, boilers, furnaces and the like, and more especially with heating apparatushaving chimneys, flues or other devices producing a draft.

The invention has for its object to provide a burner using cheap gradesof mineral oil, in substitution of wood, charcoal and mineral coal commonly used in heaters, especially for domestic purposes, theoil having the advantage of producing a much higher temperature than any of the fuels mentioned.

Another object of the invention is to provide a burner making use of the draft existing in-the heatingapparatusfor substituting and supplying the pressure necessary in some oil burners, and having means for regulating said draft so as to affect the combustion and therefore the amount of fuel consumed.

It is finally an object ofthe invention to so construct the burner that it. may be easily installed in the fire box or in any other place ofthe heater from which the heat :is to be distributedevenly. V v i I accomplish these objects by means of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a side view of the complete burner. r

Figure 2 is a front View of the burner.

Figure 3 shows the burner in longitudinal cross section. v

- Figure 4 is a top View of the burner, without the cover.

Figure '5 the burner. c

Figure 6 shows the wick for igniting the burner.

Figure 7 is a view of the detachable damper to be used with the burner.

As appears from the drawing, the burner comprlses a rectangular, open, shallow box or receptacle 1, in which the combustion of the fuel takes place. This box is provided, to-

illustrates the auxiliary cover of wards its front end, with two vertical side walls or supports 2, having atthe rear outwardly extending flanges 3 which abut against the outside of the fire box when the burner hasbeen introduced inthe' same, and

by which said burner may be screwed or otherwise attached to the heater. 7 V

The upper edge of each side wall2has two indentations forming open bearings for the pivots of the vertical curtain 4 and of the swinging'front door 5. The curtain 4 has for its object to limit the flame to the back part of box 1', and its lower edge is doubled back so as to leave a passage between it and the bottom of box 1, said passage continuing the flue formed by the space between the curtain 4 and the door 5. Both curtain anddoor are suspended from open hinges in order to be easily detached when cleaning the burner.

The swinging door 5 protects the person standing in front of the burner or operating it, against the heat and the contact with the fuel; it has a straight edge at the bottom and curves outward towards its top so as to form,

together with curtain 4, a gradually contracting passage for the air, as it approaches the passage between said curtain 4 and the bottom of box 1. For increasing the volume of air entering the burner, the door 5 may be swung open by means of a lever 6, actuated from the outside of'one of the side walls 2 and detained in any desired position by a dented segment 7, as shown by dotted lines in Figure 1. If by reason of a strong draft produced by a high chimney the supply of air should become excessive, even with door 5 closed, a damper may be used, which ina simple form shown in Figure 7 consists of a semicircular metal plate 8, provided with cut-out downwardly bent projections 9, by means of which it is placed and held in the curved space between the upper edge of door 5 and the curtain 4. The'plate 8 carries a number of openings or slots 10 which maybe gradual- 1y opened or closed by a slotted plate 11 slidably mounted below plate 8.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawing, the fuel enters from a deposit, not shown, through pipe 12 intoa cook 13 and from there, through a I FLORENTINO OLIVA, OF MEXICO, MEXICO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T0 GUILLERMO A. h

curved opening 14:, into the bottom of box 1. It is however understood that the entrance for the fuel may be located in any place or places of the air passage between curtain 4 and door 5, from which it may flow or drip onto the bottom of boxl. For regulating the fuel supply, the cook 13 may be provided at its front with a numbered dial 15, around which the stem 13 ofthe cock may berotated, being detained in the desired place by a suitable stop 16 screwed into or otherwise fastened in one of the holes 17 provided in the dial 15 between every two successive numerals. Instead of the cock shown, a needle valve or any other valve or cock may be used for regulating the supply of fuel.

For igniting the burner, the cook 13 is opened until enough fuel has entered the box 1 to spread over its bottom. An asbestos wick 18 impregnated with the combustible, of the form shown in Figure 6 or of any other shape, is then lighted and introduced in the space between door 5 and curtain l, so as to heat and ignite the fuel covering the bottom of box 1. As the oil begins to vaporize, owing to the burner becoming heated, a strong draft is established by the burnt hot gases escaping through the chimney, and when the fuel used for igniting the burner is consumed, the walls of the burner will have reached a temperature high enough to instantly vaporize the oil overflowing from the opening 14 into the depression 19, after the cook 13 has again been opened. The oil on escaping through said opening tends to flow towards the rear or hot test part of box 1, owing to the flanges 3 not being quite vertical but somewhat tilted towards the front of theburner.

For increasing the heating surface of box 1, a number of dented projections 20 have been provided in its bottom, which however may be substituted by corrugations or raised portions of any shape. 7

The rear part of box 1 carries a transversal division 21, and in the space formed by said division and the rear wall of box 1 there is placed a brick 22 of refractory material, against which strikes the flame of the vaporized oil and which, becoming heated to a very high temperature, effectively aids in the gasification and thorough combustion of the oil entering the burner.

As in some cases it may be desirable to deflect the flame of the burner and. prevent it from striking directly against the surface to be heated, for instance in water heaters having thln walls not expected to resist the high temperatures developed by the burner, an

auxiliary cover 23 is used for partially closing the top of box 1, said cover being in cross section substantlally U-shaped, with side walls resting on the sides of box 1 and ex tending to the compartment receiving the refractory brick 22, and with an upwardly and outwardly curved rear portion extending above said brick. Sloping down towards the front of the burner, this cover produces a gradually widening combustion chamber, from which the flame escapes through the open spaces left around the wall 22, being deflected by the same so as to practically surround the sides of the burner, but without striking directly upward.

The cover 23, having its edge adjacentto the curtain 4 turned up parallel with the same, may be attached by it to said curtain with screws 24, or may simply be placed on the burner without any attachment.

Removing the refractory wall 22, or placing it at a distance back of the burner, the length and direction of the flame may be altered within wide limits, as may be most convenient with the type of heater used. The flame and hot gases of the burner should always be so directed as to reach, for instance 85 in cooking stoves, every cooking hole and compartment of the stove before they are allowed to escape by the chimney.

Having no small and easily obstructed passages for the fuel, the burner is not liable to get out of order and is easily cleaned by removing or throwing back the curtain 4 and lifting the door 5.

Obviously, changes in the details of construction may be. made without departing from the spirit of the invention and therefore I do not care to limit myself to any particular form or arrangement of parts.

What I claim is:

1. Oil burner for hydrocarbons, comprising a pan-shaped receptacle, raised portions in the bottom of said receptacle, lateral verti cal supports in the front part of said receptacle, an inwardly sloping curved front door suspended from said supports, a vertical division suspended from said supports back of and in spaced relation to said front door and separated from the bottom of said receptacle, a fuel inlet opening into said receptacle, means for covering the rear open part of said receptacle, and a refractory transverse wall at the rear end of said receptacle.

2. Oil burner for hydrocarbons, comprising a shallow open receptacle, raised portions in the bottom of said receptacle, lateral sup- 15 ports in the front part of said receptacle, an inwardly sloping front door and a vertical spaced division, suspended from said sup ports, forming an air passage leading to the bottom of said receptacle, an adjustable damper in said air passage, a fuel inlet delivering the fuel to the bottom of said receptacle, a removable cover closing the open rear part of said receptacle and preventing the flame from striking upwardly, and a transverse refractory wall at the back of said receptacle deflecting the flame towards its sides.

3. A liquid hydrocarbon burner of the class described comprising a shallow receptacle open on the upper side and having supporting members at opposite sides at the front provided with open bearing notches; a cover I member, a curtain at the front end of the cover member having bearing lugs for engagement in certain of the bearing notches of the supports and a front door also having bearing lugs for engagement with the other bearing notches of the supports so that the door is spaced from the front side of the curtain to form a downwardly extending air passage therebetween and also enabled to be opened and closed, and a duct to supply liquid hydrocarbon fuel to the bottom of the receptacle at the lower end of said air passage.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

FLORENTINO OLIVA.

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