US2223045A - Door closure and check mechanism - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 26, 1940. e. PARIOT 2,223,045

DOOR CLOSURE AND CHECK MECHANISM Filed Sept. 15, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 650/265 ere/0r Y 8 ATTORNEY Nov. 26, 1940. G. PARIOT DOOR CLOSURE AND CHECK MECHANISM 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 15. 1958 1 mm m% k E INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 26, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE George Pariot, New York, N. Y., assignor to The Oscar C. Rixson Company, a corporation of Illinois Application September 15, 1938, Serial No. 230,032

Claims.

The invention herein disclosed relates to a door closure and check mechanism of the type that is embedded in the floor and from which a pivot extends and is connected to the door.

-, An object of the invention is to provide a door closure and check mechanism in which the closing force acting to close the door is greatest at or near the closed position of the door and in which the force acting to close the door decreases as the door is opened. Another object of the invention is to provide a structure having these features and that is compact so that substantially all of the mechanism lies beneath the door in the closed position of the door.

These and other objects and certain advantages that will hereinafter appear are realized in the embodiment of the invention disclosed in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of a door showing the door in the open position;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section of the door closure and check mechanism taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section taken on the irregular line 44 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is another section of the same taken on the line 55 of Fig. 3.

In the drawings, l represents a door frame to which a door 2 is secured by means of hinges 3 and 4. shaped extension 5a is secured to the bottom of the door by screws 6. The extension 5a of the bracket is coaxial with the hinges 3 and 4 and fits over and is secured to a pivot I that extends through one wall of the case 8 of the door closure and check mechanism.

The door closure and check mechanism is mounted in a recess in the floor and directly beneath the door in the closed position of the door.

A box 9 is provided in the recess in the floor and the door closure is mounted in this box and enclosed by a plate ID. The case of the door closure and check mechanism includes a cylinder 8a and a housing 8b, the cylinder having one end closed and the other end threaded into the end of the housing which includes a short section 8c coaxial with the cylinder 8a and a section 8d angularly disposed with respect to the axis of the cylinder 8a. It is through the wall of the section 8d, adjacent the end thereof, that the'pivot 1 extends.

Within the cylinder 8a, a piston H is slidably mounted. The piston has two ports in the face thereof one of which communicates with a pas- A bracket 5, having a lateral, cup-' sage I2 through the piston and in which there is a ball check valve I3. This check valve is arranged to 'permit free passage of air to the chamber 'iormed between the face of the piston and the end of the cylinder upon movement of the piston away from the end of the cylinder. The other port forms the end of a passage l4 through the piston in which passage a tube I5 is slidable. Thls tube extends axially of the cylinder and is secured in a bracket H5 in the housing. The tube communicates with a lateral passage H from which the flow of air is controlled by a conical valve [8 on the end of a set screw ii! that is accessible from the outside of the casing. As the piston moves toward the closed end of the cylinder, the air between the piston and the end of the cylinder can only escape through the tube 15. Adjustment of the valve [8, therefore, determines the rate the piston Il may move towards the closed end of the cylinder.

The piston is urged towards the closed end of the cylinder, 1. e. in a direction to effect the closing of the door 2, by a heavy spring 20. The spring acts between the rear face of the piston H and a shoulder formed by an internal flange 86 formed in the section of the housing 821. In the closed position of the door 2, i. e. with the piston adjacent the closed end of the cylinder as shown in Fig. 3, the spring 20 is compressed so that there is a resilient force acting on the door to maintain it in the closed position. As the door is opened, the piston H moves away from the closed end of the cylinder and the spring 20 is further compressed. When the open door is released, the piston moves toward the closed end of the cylinder under the action of the spring 20, the speed of the piston being determined by the setting of the valve I8.

The piston II is connected to the pivot l to efiect the foregoing action by a system of links and levers. The links and levers constituting this system are mounted in the case 8 and arranged and interconnected so that the force of the spring is resolved into components in such a manner that the effective force acting to rotate the pivot l in a direction to close the door varies upon movement of the door in such a way as to decrease as the door is opened. This system of links and levers includes a bell crank lever 2| having two arms Zia and 2H) angularly displaced through an angle of approximately fortyfive degrees. This link is mounted on a pivot 22 at the intersection of the sections 80 and 8d of the housing. A connecting rod or link 23 is pivotally secured at one end to the piston II and at the other end to the arm 2|a of the bell crank 2!. A link 24, shaped as illustrated, is pivotally connected at one end to the arm 2) of the bell crank lever and at the other end to a crank 25 formed on the pivot 1. In Fig. 3 the position of the links and levers in the closed position of the door are shown in full lines and the position of the same levers in the open position of the door is shown in broken lines.

It will be seen from Fig. 3 that in the closed position of the door, the crank arm 2: of the bell crank lever 2| is substantially perpendicular to the efiective line of the connecting rod 23. The full force of the spring 20, therefore, is acting to effect rotation of the bell crank counterclockwise as seen in Fig. 3. As the door is opened and the bell crank is rotated clockwise from the full line position shown in Fig. 3, the crank 2? after partial movement assumes successive positions in which the force of the spring is resolved into components, one component along the crank and which has no efiect upon rotating the crank, and the other at right angles thereto. As the crank 2!?) is rotated more in the direction in which it rotates when the door is open, the ineffective force component becomes greater and the eifective force component becomes less. The crank on the pivot I is also arranged to resolve the efiective force transmitted from the bell crank. This arrangement is such that the efiective component acting on the crank at first becomes greater and then decreases. This sacrifice in the direction towards effectuating one of the objects of the invention is for the purpose of making a compact structure. By the arrangement disclosed, however, the desideratum of having the maximum efiective closing force acting on the door in the closed position of the door and a continuous decrease of the effective closing force as the door is opened is realized for all practical purposes.

It will be obvious that various changes may be made by those skilled in the art in the details of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings and described above within the principle and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a door closure and check mechanism of the type described, the combination comprising a case including a cylinder and a housing, a pivot extending through a wall of .the case and adapted to be connected to a door. a piston slidably mounted in the cylinder, a spring acting on the piston to move the piston towards one end of the cylinder, a series of links and levers connecting the pivot and the piston arranged to' efiect movement of the pivot in a direction to close a door connected thereto upon movement of the piston under the action of the spring and including a bell' crank lever, arranged and interconnected to effect .a resolution of the spring force acting on the piston, whereby the effective force of the.

spring acting to rotate the pivot decreases as the pivot is rotated in a direction to efiect compres sion of the spring.

2. In a door closure and check mechanism of the type described, the combination comprising a case including a cylinder and a housing, a pivot extending through a wall of the case and adapted to be connected to a door, a piston slidably mounted in the cylinder, a spring acting on the piston to move the piston towards one end of the cylinder, a series of links and levers connecting the pivot and the piston arranged to effect movement of the pivot in a direction to close a door connected thereto upon movement of the piston under the action of the spring and includ- 5 ing a bell crank lever having two arms displaced through an angle of forty-five degrees, arranged and interconnected to efiect a resolution of the spring force acting on the piston, whereby the efiective force of the spring acting to rotate the 10 pivot decreases as the pivot is rotated in a direction to effect compression of the spring.

3. In a door closure and check mechanism of the type described, the combination comprising a case including a cylinder and a housing, a pivot l offset from the axis of the cylinder extending through the wall of the case and adapted to be connected to a door, a crank on the pivot, a piston slidably mounted in the cylinder, a spring acting on the piston to move the piston towards one 20 end of the cylinder, a system of links and levers connecting the piston and the crank of the pivot arranged to effect movement of the pivot in a direction to close a door'connected thereto upon movement of the piston under the action of the 25 spring and to compress the spring on opening the door, the links and levers including a bell crank lever arranged and connected to the piston and the crank on the pivot to eifect a resolution go slidably mounted in the cylinder, a spring acting on the piston to move the piston towards on end of the cylinder, a system of links and leversficonnecting the piston and the crank of the pivot arranged to efiect movement of the pivot in a direction to close a door connected thereto upon 45 movement of the piston under the action of the spring and to compress the spring on opening the door, the system of links and levers including a bell crank lever having arms angularly displaced through an angle of approximately forty-five degrees intermediate the piston and the pivot, a connecting rod connecting the piston and one arm of the bell crank lever, and a link connecting the other arm of the bell crank lever and the crank of the pivot, the bell crank lever being arranged to effect a resolution of the force of the spring acting on the piston, whereby the effective force acting to rotate the pivot decreases as the pivot is rotated in a direction to compress the spring.

5. A door closure of the floor type comprising a case including a cylindrical portion and an angular portion, a coil spring axially disposed in the cylindrical portion engaging the case at its inner end, a rotative pivot extending through the wall of the angular portion at right angles to the axis of the spring and substantially oiiset therefrom, a crank on said pivot located within the case, a connecting member, one end of which and that of the first pivot and nearer to the former axis than to the latter axis, a crank pivoted on the second pivot and pivotally connected at its free end to the connecting member, said crank being disposed at substantially right angles to the efiective line of the connecting member when the spring is under least tension and rotative toward the door actuated pivot to store energy in the spring, and a link connecting the two cranks, whereby the longitudinal component of force on the second crank increases and the rotative component decreases as the door opens. 6

GEORGE PARIOT.

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