US2221458A

US2221458A - Cutter head

Info

Publication number: US2221458A
Application number: US230297A
Authority: US
Inventors: Elmer P Sacrey
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1938-09-16
Filing date: 1938-09-16
Publication date: 1940-11-12
Anticipated expiration: 1957-11-12

Description

Nov. 12, 1940.

E. P. SACREY CUTTER HEAD Filed Sept. 16, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l Manx ATTORNEYS.

NOV. 12, 1940. EY 2,221,458

CUTTER HEAD Filed Sept 16, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS.

Patented Nov. 12, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CUTTER HEAD Elmer P; Sacrey, Syracuse, N i Y. Application selitember 16, 1938, Serial No. 230,297 4 Claims. (01. 144-230) This invention relates to rotary cutters or-cutter heads for power operated tools, and has for its object a cutter or cutter head for tools, such as woodworking tools, as power planes and jointers, by which the knife or knives can be quickly adjusted to properly locate their cutting edges in .cutting position and in sharpening position, so

that the knives can be quickly sharpened without demounting them from the head by rotating the head in juxtaposition to a grinding Wheel.

The invention consists in the novel features and in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed.

.In describing this invention, reference is had.

to the accompanying drawings in which like characters designate corresponding parts in all the views. 1 i

. Figure l is a side elevation of a cutter head embodying this invention.

Figure 2 is an end View thereof.

.ure 2,Ia toolfor operating thecam to shift the knives being also shown. I Figures 4, 5 and 6 are sectional. views on lines 4-4, 5-'?-5 and 6-6, respectively, Figure 1.

. t Figure '7 is a rear face view of one of the knives.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary elevation, partly in section, of a power operated tool or planelshowing the cutter mounted therein.

Figure 9 is an end view, partly broken away, looking to the right in Figure 8. r H This cutter comprises, generally, a body or head cylindrical in general form, a knifesecured to the head and extending lengthwise thereof, the knife being arcuate in cross-section and arranged with the cutting edge extending beyond the periphery or arcuate and each is provided with cutting edges ofthe head, and means carried by the head for shifting the knife aboutthe axis of its'arcto project the cutting edge different distancesv beyond :the periphery of the head, the knife being shiftable into two positions, one being a cutting position, and the other a sharpening position. The knife is arranged with its concave side outward. Preferably, a plurality of equally spaced knives are used and in the illustrated embodiment of the invention, two knives are used located on diametrically opposite sides of the head. i I designates the head, and 2 the knife, The

head iscylindrical in general form and provided with grooves or recesses 3 concave or. arcuate in cross-section, located on diametrically opposite sides of the head. Theknives arealso' concave 4 along opposite edges thereof. One edge only of each knife is ,used', and thet'knife is reversible Figure 3 is a sectional viewon line 3-3, Fig-' for bringing either edge 4 into cuttingposition. The arcuate knives 2 are nested in the grooves 3 and are shiftable about the center 5 of the arc of the bottom of the groove 3 or of the arc of the knife 2.

, -5 In Figures 2, 5 and 6, the knives are in their normal positions or in their positions used for planing. In Figure 4, the knives are shown in their outward shifted positions for grinding or sharpening, V

. l0 The shifting of the knives from the position shown in Figure 2 to that shown in Figure 4 changes the angle of the edge 4 from the backed off position with respect to a circle C touching the cutting edge 4 into a position in which the edge 15 grooves 3, and as here shown, these pins 8 extend 25 into grooves 8 formed in the knives. There are two grooves 8 in each knife, one groove coacting with the pin 8 when one edge 4 is used for cut-- ting, and the other groove coacting with a pin, when the knife is reversed in the groove 3, and the other edge used for cutting.

The rock shaft 6 is operable from the periphery of the head I and is here shown as provided with a radially extending arm 9 extending through a radial recessor slot It) in the head and opening through theperiphery thereof. This slot is provided with wider end portions II. The arm9 is for the purpose of receiving a small socket wrench W by means of which the cam can be shifted. The head portion of the socket wrench is provided with a narrower portion which moves through the narrow portionof the slot In between the widened ends, during the shifting of the lever from the position shown in Figure 3 to the opposite posi tion, and vice-versa. Obviously, such shifting of i the arm'9 will rotate the rock shaft 6 and cause the cam or eccentric pins 8 to shift the knives 2. There is a complemental slot I2 in the head diametrically opposite the slot l0, this having also wider end portions l3, so that thehead is bal- O anced. -The rock shaft 6 has an arm [5 movable in theslot I2, this being bifurcated and its arms sprung outwardly to coact with notches or grooves l6 formedin the side wall, of the slot [2 and-located to receive the bifurcations of the arm I5, when the rock shaft is in one or the other of its shifted positions. Similar slots or grooves l6 are formed in the walls of the slot Hi1 primarily to counterbalance the diametrically opposite portions of the head.

The knife is held in its position by suitable bolts ll extending through openings it near opposite ends of each knife and threading into nuts 19 of suitable shape to lie on the concave surface of the knife. These nuts, as seen in Figure 1, are formedwith elongated heads extending lengthwise of the knives 2. The holes l8 are of suflicient diameter to permit the shifting of the knife from its position shown in Figure 2 to that shown in Figure 4. The heads ll of the bolts are located in suitable depressions or countersinks opening through the periphery of the head and are formed with angular recesses to receive a tool for tightening and loosening them. This tool is one end 28 of the wrench W. Also, as seen in Figures 6 and 7, the head is provided with suit-.

able locating pins 2i extending into the bottoms of the grooves i for coacting with transverse recesses 22 in each knife 2. The head is also formed with suitable indicating means, as the words Plane and Grind to pointout the position in which the rock shaft is located.

The cutter head is provided with an axially threaded spindlev 23 at one end for threading into a socket 24 at the end of the armature shaft 25 of an electric motor M and with a spindle 28 at its other end journalled in a. bearing 21 supported from the frame 28 of a power tool or plane to which the motor M is attached.

In operation, the knives 2 are placed in the grooves 4 and located by means of pins 2|, the holes 18 of the knives passing over the screws ll. The nuts l9 are threaded loosely on the screws H or the screws ll turned loosely into the nuts.

When the knife is placed in the groove, one or the other of the slots or grooves 8 will receive the eccentric pin 8. The rock shaft is then turned by means of the wrench W until the end of the arm 9 registers with the indicating word Plane on the periphery of the head I. If, when the knife is so placed, the arm 9 is not in such position, the screws are then tightened and the tool is ready for use; When the knives become dull, the-screws l9 are loosened; the arm 9 then swung into grind position, by mean-s of the wrench W; the screws again tightened, whereupon the knives are now in grinding position, shown in Figure 4. The head is then rotated either into position in the tool or is demounted from the plane and mounted on a rotating center and a rotating grinding wheel brought in juxtaposition to the head and knives, and while the head and the grinding wheel are rotating, the grinding wheel is fed along the head. The grinding attachment with the wheel forms no part of this invention, but it is built to hold and feed the grinding wheel in accurate relation to the head while the head is rotating.

When the knife is in plane position, it is in the position shown in Figure 2 and in full lines (Figure '7) with the eccentric pin toward one end of one of the grooves or slots 8 As seen in Figure 2, the cutting edge is of greater radius from the axis of the head than the heel 4 of the knife. As the cutting edge wears down, its radius approaches that of the heel 4 'Then upon turning ofthe rock shaft 6, after loosening the screws l9, the knife is shifted outward into the position shown in Figure 4, the eccentric pin 8' moving along the slot 8 to the center thereof,

again loosened and the rock shaft 6 operated back to plane position. The eccentric pin, during this operation, again moves toward one end of the slot 8 from the position shown in dotted lines (Figure '7) to that shown in full lines. The screws Iii-are then tightened.

, In such tools, as power planes, the motors are detachable and in sharpening this tool, the motor with the cutter head thereon is demounted as a unit, and the unit mounted in a fixed relation to the wheel of the grinding attachment.

When one cutting edge of each knife is worn out, the knife is reversed in its groove.

- What I claim is:

1. A rotary cutter comprising a head, knives mounted on diametrically opposite sides of the head and extending lengthwise of the axis thereof, each knife being arcuate in cross-section with the cutting edge extending beyond the periphery of the head, and means for shifting the knives simultaneously about the center of their arcs including a member rotatably mounted in the head and mounted with its axis extending diametrically of the axis'of the head and having eccentric pins at its ends coacting respectively with the knives, the knives having slots in which the pins work cam-fashion, and means operable.

from the periphery of the head for rocking the, cam about its axis.

2. A rotary cutter comprising a head having a lengthwise peripheral groove, arcuate in crosssection, and a knife, arcuate in cross-section, nested in the groove and projecting along one edge out of the groove, and mechanism for shifting the knife in the groove about an axis located at the center of the arc of the groove and the knife for shifting the cutting edge of the knife relatively to the peripheral surface of the head to project different distances out of the groove, said means comprising a rocking member mounted in the head centrally thereof and having an eccentric pin extending .into the groove, the rocking member being arranged with its axis extending transversely of the axis of the head and the knife having a groove for receiving the eccentric pin, and means operable from the outside of the periphery of the head for rotating in said bore with its axis extending crosswise of the axis of the head and having an eccentric pin slidably interlocking with the knife, and a rock arm extending into said slot-for operating the rocking member, and terminating short of the periphery of the head.

4. A,.cutter comprising a head formed with lengthwise peripheral grooves, arcuate in crosssection, located on different sides thereof, a bore extending transversely of the axis of the head and opening through the bottoms of the grooves, .15

knives, arcuate in cross-section, nested in the grooves with the cutting edge of each extending beyond the periphery of the head outside of its groove, the head being also formed with radial slots opening into the bore and through the peripheral wall of the head, a rocking member mounted in said bore and having eccentric means at its ends slidably interlocking with the knives to shift the knives synchronously to project their 10 cutting edges difierent distances out of the groove to change the angle of the cutting edge, the knives housing lengthwise grooves in which the eccentric means work, a pin projecting radially from the rocking member into one of said slots by means of which pin the rocking member is rocked about its axis, the rocking member also having an arm extending into the other slot and coacting with notches in the walls of the slot to hold the rocking member in its shifted position.

ELMER P. SACREY.