US2220329A - Hair-waving pad - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 5, 1940. D. HAM

HAIR-WAVING PAD Filed Aug.

Patented Nov. 5, 1940 UNITED STATES 2,220,329 nAm-wavmo PAD Ralphv D. Ham, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Products Development Corporation, Chicago, Ill, a. corporation 01' Illinois Application August 9, 1939, Serial No. 289,145

2 Claims.

This invention relates generally to hair-waving padsf of the type used in the process of imparting so-called permanent waves to human hair by the utilization of the heat of exothermic 5 chemical reactions. Specifically, this invention discloses novel means for facilitating and expediting the use of the heat of exothermic reaction between a chemical solution and a metallic member for imparting a wave to hair.

The means used in the process utilizing this invention generally includes an envelope or sachet of the metallic member to be used in the chemical reaction. This may be very thin alu- Lli minum foil or the like.

sachet or envelope is a chemical or mixture of chemicals which also enters into the reaction. In the process the metallic envelope or sachet is perforated or pierced in some manner and a 53 moistened member applied to the perforations, permitting moisture to seep therethr ough into the sachet to contact said chemical or mixture of chemicals. A saturated solution oi the active ingredients in the sachet or envelope is thus produced. Contact of the solution with the metal of the envelope produces exothermic heat of reaction in suificient amounts toimpart a permanent wave to a preformed tress of hair.

It is obvious that since the reaction occurs between a chemical or the like, and the metallic foil which constitutes the envelope for the chemical, the envelope will be gradually consumed and deteriorated in the process.

The chemical or the mixture which is within the envelope will, therefore, be unconfined and subject to being lost or scattered throughout the subjects hair. The general results are that the process is a messy one and may even be dangerous in consequences.

Two general methods have been used to overcome the distinct disadvantage of the above-outlined method of hair waving by use of exothermic heat or reaction. In one, the reaction is not allowed to go to its extreme, thus preserving the shell of the envelope or sachet. This is costly, since it requires thicker foil envelopes and does not permit entire use of said envelope nor does it permit all of the chemicals and the like within same to be consumed. Thus, with 50 the shell thrown away, much of the material is uselessly destroyed.

The second method used is to enclose the entire assembly in confining apparatus or the like, so that the sachet or envelope may be held therein. This is an inefflcient method, since Contained within the much heat is lost and expensive'apparatus must be used. Also, handling the pad by such a method is an awkward and .slow process.

It is an object of this invention to provide a hair-waving pad utilizing the exothermic heat of a chemical reaction involving a metallic member which will be so constructed asto eliminate the disadvantages caused by the deterioration of said metallic member.

The inventors main purpose is accomplished in the present invention by the utilization of a sachet or envelope formed from a member comprising two layers ofmateriah The inner layer is of extremely thin metallic foil and the outer layer is a sheet of chemically inert material, such as glassine paper. Said foil and chemically inert material are so intimately associated and held one to the other that the member may be handled as though it were an integral sheet of material. The layer of chemically inert material does not prevent conduction of heat through the envelope to the moistened member.

By the simple expedient generally described above, it will be appreciated that the foil may be completely consumed and the chemicals within the envelope completely utilized without in any way affecting the confining qualities of the sachet or envelope. This is possible because the inert material which backsup the foil remains intact'during and after the chemical reaction in the shape of the envelope and is available for the complete confinement of all products of reaction, such as may be produced thereby, and also all ingredients remaining which did not enter into the reaction.

.Other objects of the invention, therefore, are:

To provide a hair-waving pad of the character described, the envelope of which will be formed from a member comprising metallic foil backed up by a sheet of chemically inert material;

To provide a heating pad of this type. which will include an envelope constructed of metallic foil backed by glassine paper;

To provide a heating pad of this type which will be effective in operation and simple in construction and assembly.

It has been found to be difficult to handle a pad of the nature described, because the surface must be perforated so that moisture may seep into the'envelope or sachet from a moistened member applied .to a face thereof. Time is lost in the perforating operation when same is done by the beautician prior to application of the pad to the customer's hair. Also, extra appose the object of eliminating paratus is needed. There is an objection to envelopes being pre-perforated, since the material contained therein tends to sift out.

The present invention has for a collateral purthese disadvanfeathers may be pressed inwardly to a closed position. Thus, the chemicals and materials within the envelope are completely confined, and at the asme time sufficient moisture is permitted to seep through the slits or perforations to cause chemical reaction between a solution of the material and chemicals within the envelope and the foil or the inner surface thereof.

Further objects of the present invention are:

To provide pie-perforated sachets or envelopes of the character described;

To provide perforations for a hair-waving pad of the character described, which will be selfclosing:

To provide substantially Ishaped" perforations for a hair-waving pad of the character described;

To provide in a hair-waving pad of the character described perforations having burred or feathered portions. said burred or feathered por tions being on the external side of a face of said pad.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will appear, as the description proceeds. the invention consists in certain novel features of construction, arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter fully described, illustratedin the accompanying drawing, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that various changes in the form,.

proportion, size and minor details of the structure may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention. i

For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of my invention, I have illustrated in the accompanying drawing, a preferred embodiment thereof, from an inspection of which, when considered in connection with the following description. my invention, its mode of construction. assembly and operation, and many of its advantages should be readily understood and appreciated.

Referring to the drawing in which the same characters of reference are employed to indicate corresponding or similar parts throughout the several figures of the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a hair-wavingpad or sachet involving my invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a developed sachet or envelope member;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a sachet or envelope in the process of manufacture;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view of a portion of the perforated portion of the sachet;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view similar to that of Fig. 5, but having the burrs of the sachet pressed down.

The invention comprises a member designated generally by the reference character Ill formed into a sachet or envelope. Said member 10 consists of two layers, the inside layer It and the outside layer l2. The inside layer is of metallic foil, which is adapted toreact with a chemical or the like to produce exothermic re Both members H and H are extremely thin,

and the result is that the member ID is handled as a sheet of paper or the likewith no possibility of separation of the two constituent layers. The drawing, of course, shows the layers in highly exaggerated proportion to clarify the construction and to complete the disclosure thereof.

In this condition. a section I3 of the member H), which is to form a face of the sachet, is perforated or pierced by a plurality of appropriate instruments to form by cutting. tearing or other operation, the slits or perforations i4. These perforations I 4 are substantially I-shaped and are formed from the inner face II, so that the burrs or feather edges I5 are protruding from the outer face 12, which is the inert layer of the member ID.

The novelty of these perforations is in their ability to permit moisture and still retain any powder or granulated mixture which may be disposed within the sachet or envelope formed by member ID. Perforations l4 may, to all intents and purposes, be closed, as by pressing down the burrs 15 by rolling or the like. In this condition, the member [0 may be formed into an envelope or sachet, which will retain the powder. or granulated chemicals or ingredients of the active mixture adapted to react with the metal foil without danger of same sifting out, as aforesaid. At the same time, moisture will freely pass through the perforations when applied by means of a moistened member, not shown, to activate the chemical and cause the exothermic reaction.

After the member It! has been provided with perforations, the portion along one of the edgesis provided with paste, glue or other adhesive I6, and the member ID is folded along the lines I! and I8 and caused to form a substantially flattened tube-like member, as shown in Fig. 3. In large-scale production, this substantially flattened tube-like member may be very long and may then be cut to proper lengths for the for mation of individual sachets. It will be seen that this substantially flattened tube-like member is somewhat elliptical in cross section with the minor axis of the elipse very short as compared to the major axis thereof.

The substantially flattened hollow member shown inFig.3is then filled with the proper chemicals or mixture designated by the character 20,and the ends l9 of the hollow member are folded over to complete the envelope. The chemicals 20 are placed in the hollow member of Fig. 3 by folding one end, as at l9, up-ending the hollow member with the folded portion l9 at the bottom, filling the hollow member as required by pouring the materials 20 thereinto, and then folding the open end over as at [9 to complete the sachet.

The sachet is now ready for use and will remain in envelope form regardless of whether the inner layer of foil is completely consumed by exothermic reaction or not. This is because the outer layer I2 is not affected by the reaction, giving rise to the advantages enumerated above. It is obvious also that the envelope or vsachet can be packed, shipped and handled without danger of the material 20 sifting out therefrom.

It is believed that my invention, its mode of construction and assembly, and many of its advantages should be readily understood from the foregoing without further description, and it shouldalso be manifest that while a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and described for illustrative purposes, the structural details are nevertheless capable of wide variation within the purview of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a device of the character described, a hair-waving pad of the exothermic chemical reaction type, including a sachet constructed from a bi-layered member and having a quantity of normally inactive material disposed therein. one of said layers adapted to be the external face of said sachet and being of chemically inert material, the second of said layers adapted to be the internal lining of said sachet and being of a material adapted to enter into chemical reaction with said material contained in said sachet when said last-mentioned material is moistened, and means for introducing moisture to said last-mentioned material, said last-mentioned means comprising perforations disposed upon the face of said sachet, said perforations being slit-like and burred on the surface of said sachet, the burrs adapted to be substantially pressed down durin effect self-closing.

2. A hair-waving pad of the character described comprising an envelope wholly constructed from prefabricated bi-layered sheeting, the inwardly disposed layer being metal foil and being bonded to a layer of chemically inert material, and a quantity of chemicals contained within said envelope and exothermically reactive with said metal foil on moistening thereof, and means for moistening said material, comprising perforations provided on a face of said envelope and extending through both of said layers, said perforations being formed from inside outward thereby causing burrs to be formed on the outside thereof said burrs being adapted ,ing handling thereof rendering the perforations

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