US2218561A - Ventilating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 22, 1940. J. D, STROB ELL 2,218,561

VENTILATING AlPARATUS Filed Dec. 7, 1937 INVENTOR +0 John D. Strobe ATTORN Patented Oct. 22, 1940 I v UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIc I.

' VENTTLA'IING APPARATUS John D. Strobell, NewHaven, Conn, assignor to The SafetyCar Heating & Lighting Company, a corporation of New Jersey Application December '1, 1937, Serial No. 178,452

Claims. (01. 98-13) This inventionrelates to car ventilation, and position outside of the car. It is accordingly more particularly to ventilatingapparatus for a another object of this invention to provide railroad car or the like. ventilating apparatus for a railroad car or the One of the objects of this invention is to prolike which effectively overcomes thesedifficulties.

I vide ventilating apparatus for a railroad car 01' Referring now to Figure 1 of the drawing, a

the like which is simple andinexpensivein conrailroad car or the like is generally indicated struction and sturdy and durable under condiat l0. and illustratively is of the so-called tions of extended use. Another object is to prostreamline type, having a roof ll of round or vide apparatus of the above nature which may flat oval cross section. Roof H includes a rela- 19 easily be attached to a car without extensive tively flat portion H a and a hip or curved por- 10 alteration of the car. Another object is to protion llb. In many instances cars of this type vide apparatus of ,the'above nature which op-' either have a relatively small vestibule such as crates eificiently and does not detract from the vestibule I! at one end thereof, ornone, such as appearance of the car. xAnother object is to pro-. when the cars aresecured together as articulated vide apparatus of the above nature which is units. Where the car is provided with one or 5' effective regardless of the direction of travel of more vestibules, it is sometimes advisable to prothe car. Another object is to provide apparatus vide a fresh air inlet for ventilation purposes in of the above nature which effectively introduces the vestibule. It often happens, however, that fresh air into the car .Whilehindering or prethis location of the air inlet is impractical be- 2 venting the admission of moisture and other cause of the arrangementof air conditioning apforeign particles. Other objects will be in 'part paratus in the car, and of course where the car apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. has no vestibule,,other provisions for fresh air The invention accordingly consists in the feainlet must be made. tures of construction,combinations of elements, To this end, and with further reference to and arrangements of parts as will be exemplified Figure 1, I have provided a Ventilator generally 25 in the structure to be hereinafter described, and lndicatedat l2, mounted in hip or curved portion the scope of the application of which will be Nb of car roof ll. Generally speaking ventilator indicated in the following claims. l2 includes a frame l3 bordering an opening 49,

In the accompanying drawing, in which is across which a plurality of louvers l6 extend,

shown one of the various possible embodiments these louvers being formed and arranged to pre- 30 of my invention, v ventor materially impede the passage of mois- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of ture, soot, or other particles into the car, as will a railroad car having my ventilating apparatus be described in greater detailubelow. At the installed therein! 7 transverse edges I3a and [3b of frame I3,Imount.

Figure 2 is a side elevation of my ventilating a pair of deflectors l4 and I5, which, regardless 35 apparatus, portions thereof being broken, away; of the direction of travel of car It, deflect air and, I into the inlet past louvers l6.

Figure 3 is a sectional elevation taken along It should be noted at this point that when a the line 3-3 of Figure 2. car is traveling at high speed, the high relative 0 Similar reference characters refer to similar velocity of air across an opening, such as opening parts throughout the various views of the draw- 40, results in the formation of, a low pressure ing. Y 1 area at the leading or forward edge of the open- In order that various of the novel features of ing. The effect of this low pressure is to exhaust my invention may be more readily understood, air from the car, rather than cause a flow thereof 5 it might here be noted thatmany railroad cars into the car, and even where an intake fan is are equipped with air conditioning apparatus provided,the predetermined and desired amount which needs a substantially continuous supply of fresh air cannot be sucked in. However, by of freshair. The usual type of air intakeis not the provision of deflectors I4 and IS, the formasatisfactory because duetothe speed of the car tion, of. the above-noted low pressure areas is areas of low pressureare established, resulting efiectively precluded as these deflectors or vanes 50 in reduced air quantity and in some cases an act as scoops regardless of the direction of travel exhausting action. Intakes often applied to soof. the car to force the fresh air into the car. called streamline cars detract from the appear- Referring now to Figure 2, transverse frame ance of the car andareoften so arranged as to edges 13a and [3b have secured thereto respec prevent access to .xthe filtering medium from a tively deflector supports l8 and I9, as by screws 20, two supports preferably being provided for each deflector. Supports I8 and I9 have outer edges I8a and I90, which are inclined with respect to the plane of frame I3, and which are oppositely inclined with respect to one another. Deflectors I4 and I5 are secured to support edges I8a and l9a in any suitable manner as, for example, by spot welding.

As noted above, ventilator I2 (Figure l) is preferably mounted on the hip or curved portion III) of roof II. Accordingly, frame I3 (Figures 1 and 2) is curved to the contour of roof hip IIb. It follows that deflectors I4 and I5 are similarly curved, and because of the inclination of support edges I811, and Ma, deflector edges I la and I5a are spaced farther from the car roof than deflector edges MD and I527. Thus deflectors It and I5 are also inclined with respect to the plane of roof hip I Ib and are oppositely inclined with respect to one another, so that regardless of the direction of travel of the car, one of the deflectors leads and the other follows, so as to force air into the car. Preferably, deflectors I4 and I5 are spaced to the right and left, respectively, of frame edges I3a and I3b, as viewed in Figure 2, so as to position deflector edges Ma and I5a substantially directly over the transverse edges 49a and 40bof opening 4B. Thus a substantial space is provided between the inner surfaces of deflectors I 5 and I5 and opening 18, as it is in those portions of the frame opening lying directly below deflectors I4 and I5 where the above-noted low pressure areas would occur, were it not for the deflectors.

Still referring to'Figure 2, frame I3 includes longitudinal frame edges 2! and 22, and as is more clearly shown in Figure 3, frame edges l3a, Ito and 22 are preferably L-shaped in cross section, edge I3a accordingly having a depending portion 23, and edge 22 having a depending portion 24. Frame edge 2I also has an obliquely extending portion 25. Thus frame edge portions 23, 24 and 25 effectively strengthen the frame as a unit, and furthermore serve purposes described below.

As noted above with respect to Figure 1, opening 40 has louvers I5 extending preferably longitudinally thereacross. With reference to Figure 3, louvers I6 are provided with a flange Isa at each end, and these flanges are secured in any suitable manner to the depending portions of frame edges Ito and I317 as, for example, portion 23 of frame edge I 3a. Louvers I6 are preferably inclined with respect to the horizontal and at their top edges have a lip portion Ifib. As louvers it are arranged in staggered relationship and have lips 161), the passage of moisture or other foreign particles through frame IS into the car is largely prevented.

It may now be seen that louvers I5 and defiectors I l and I5 are all secured to frame I3, these three parts accordingly constituting an integral unit. With reference to Figure 3, the unit comprising the frame, louvers and deflectors is mounted in the inlet end of an air duct 26 or the like, which extends into car ID and may be connected, if desired, to air conditioning apparatus. In many instances it is desirable to provide supplemental filtering apparatus (not shown) in air duct 26, and these filters should be accessible for purposes of replacement or repair. To this end, ventilator unit I2 is preferably hingedly connected to the inlet end .of duct 26, preferably by suitablehinges 2i, the leaves of which are secured respectively to depending portion 24 of frame edge 22, and a bracket 28 secured in any suitable manner to car roof II. To detachably maintain ventilator unit I2 in its operative position, suitable securing screws 29 (Figures 2 and 3) are rotatably mounted in suitable journals 3%] (Figure 3) secured to frame edge 2|, the threaded ends 29a .of screws 29 extending inwardly into duct 26 where they may be threaded through suitable bolts 3|, or the like, riveted or otherwise secured to the bottom of ducts 26. Preferably a stop 32 is also boltedto duct 26 to limit the inwardly swinging movement of ventilator unit I2.

It may now be seen that motion of car I!) in either direction of travel results in a positive flow of air through ventilator I2, deflector I l or IE3 effectively preventing the formation of low pressure areas in the inlet end of duct 26 (Figure 3). Furthermore, access to the interior of the duct is readily had through the manipulation of securing screws 29 which, when unthreaded from bolts 3i permit opening or clockwise swinging (Figure 3) of ventilator unit 12. Still further, as deflectors I4 and I5 are preferably as long as opening 40 is wide, the deflectors may be relatively small and accordingly do not extend any substantial distance outwardly of the car, thus keeping well within the clearance limits of the car, and not detracting from the streamlined effect thereof.

Accordingly I have provided ventilating apparatus for a railroad car or the like by which the various objects noted hereinabove are attained in a thoroughly practical and efficient manner.

As many possible embodiments may be made of the above invention, and as many changes might be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter hereinbefore set forth, or shown in the accompanying drawing, is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. The combination with a railway car, of means to deliver air to the interior of the car comprising, means forming an air inlet with an opening through an outer wall of the car which wall extends substantially in the direction of car movement, and means to deflect air into said air inlet comprising a vane having two edges extending at right angles to the direction of car movement and spaced from said opening and extending therealong, said vane being positioned with one of said edges spaced a greater distance from said opening than the other of said edges so that it deflects air into said opening when the car is moving.

2. In railway car construction, an outer wall structure the outer surface of which extends in the direction of car movement, means forming an air inlet with an inlet opening through said wall structure, and means todeflect air into said air inlet comprising a vane mounted on the exterior of the car and spaced outwardly from said opening, said vane extending substantially parallel to the outer surface of said wall structure and at right angles to the direction of movement of the car with a space between said vane and said wall structure through which air flows to said opening.

3. In combination with a railway car in which air is delivered to the interior of the car, an air inlet means having an inlet opening flush with the surface of the car extending in the direction of car movement, means to deflect air into said inlet means through said opening comprising a vane extending parallel to the plane of said opendirection said vane having aleading edge and a trailing edge with a leading surface to deflect air toward said opening-whereby movement of the car in said predetermined direction causes said vane to cooperate with the adjacent surface of the car to create high pressure air conditions in the immediate vicinity of said opening.

4. The combination with a railway car, of means to deliver air to the interior of the car comprising, means forming an air inlet with an opening the mouth ofwhich is in a plane extending in the direction of car movement, one edge of said opening being a leading edge when the car is moving in one direction, and means to deflect air into said air inlet comprising a vane having two edges extending along and spaced from said leading edge of the opening, said vane I being positioned with one of said edges spaced a greater distance from said opening than the otherof said edges so that it deflects air into said opening when the car is moving in one direction.

5. In railway car construction, an outer wall construction the plane of the outer surface of which extends in thedirection of car movement,

means forming an air inlet with an opening through said wall structure, and means to deflect ,air into s-aidair inlet comprising a flat vane mounted in spaced relationship with respect to the exterior of the car and extending along the edge of said openingv which is a leading edge when the car is moving in one direction, said vane being canted with respect to said outer surface with its plane extending substantially toward the center line of said air inlet.

6. In railway car construction, an outer wall structure theouter surface of which extends substantially in the direction of car movement, means forming an air inlet with an inlet opening through said wall structure, said opening having two edges substantially at right angles to the direction of carmovement; and means to deflect air into said air inlet comprising a pair of flat vanes mounted on the exterior of the car with one vane extending alongand being spaced outwardly from each of said two edges of said opening, each of said vanes having two edges extending at right angles to the direction of car movement :with one edge of each vane positioned further from said opening than the other edge.

7. In combination with a railway car in which air is delivered through an air inlet on the outer surface of the car which inlet has its inlet open ing in an outer surface extending in the direction of car movement, means todefiect air toward saidopening comprising, a pair of vanes posi angle with said adjacent portion-whereby movement of the car in one direction causes one vane to act as a leading vane, and movement of the car in the other direction causes the other vane to be the leading vane, and whereby the air flow adjacent said opening i caused to flow evenly and air pressure conditions are created in the immediate vicinity of said opening.

8. In combination with a railway car in which air is delivered through an air inlet on the outer surface of the car which inlet has its inlet open ing in an outer surface extending in the direction of car movement, means to deflect air toward said opening comprising, a pair of vanes positioned along opposite edges of said inlet opening which edges are the leading and trailing edges when the car is moving. each of said vanes along one diinension being in parallel relationship with respect to said outer surface but being canted such that along the other dimension it is at an acute angle with respect to said outer surface.

9. In railway car construction, an outer wall structure the outer surface of which extends in the direction of car movement, means forming an air inlet with an inlet opening through said wall structure, a louver construction mountedin inlet, and means to deflect air into said air inlet 4 comprising a vane mounted on the exterior of the car and spaced outwardly from said opening, said vane extending substantially parallel to the outer surface of said wall structure and at, right angles to the direction of movement of the car with a space between said vane and said wall structure through which air flows to said opening.

10. In railway car construction, an outer wall structure'the outer surface of which extends in the direction of car movement, means forming an air inlet with an inlet opening through said wall structure, a frame construction hingedly mounted in said inlet opening, a louver structure mounted in said frame construction, and means mounted on said frame construction to deflect air through said louver structure to said inlet comprising a vane mounted on the exterior of thecar and spaced outwardly from said opening, said vane extending substantially parallel to the outer surface of said wall, structure and at right angles to the direction of movement of the car with a space between said vane and said wall structure through which air fiOWs to said open-

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